{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T03:37:20Z","timestamp":1784605040325,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754352000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754352000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005296","name":"Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Regensburg","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005296","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To estimate mortality risk depending on central retinal volume (CRV) from optical coherence tomography (OCT) in a German cohort of the old-aged population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the AugUR study, a prospective population-based cohort study in individuals aged 70\u201395 years at baseline, we conducted multimodal retinal imaging, including spectral-domain OCT. Heidelberg Spectralis-derived CRV measurements from first examinations of 2,166 participants were included in the analyses. Within the observation period (median 5.9-years), 374 participants died. Association between CRV at baseline and mortality was analysed with Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazard regression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Decrease in CRV was associated with increased all-cause mortality risk. In a full model with age, sex, body weight, body size, OCT scan focus, age-related macular degeneration, smoking, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and hypertension, hazard ratio per standard deviation lower CRV was 1.17. Cardiovascular death was not associated with CRV in the full model. However, other causes for death except cardiovascular reasons showed association with lower CRV (hazard ratio 1.25). In addition, the association was significant in those who had already exceeded their expected life expectancy (hazard ratio 1.21) but not in women below 83 years and men below 78 years, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study indicates that lower CRV, which can be easily and automatically derived from OCT images, is a potential predictor for mortality in the old-aged population. This effect occurs independently of cardiovascular disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-025-06924-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T11:22:49Z","timestamp":1754392969000},"page":"2737-2746","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Central retinal volume derived from optical coherence tomography as a potential predictor of mortality in the old-aged population\u2013 results from the German AugUR study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"263","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7832-1942","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Klaus J.","family":"Stark","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina E.","family":"Zimmermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Horst","family":"Helbig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iris M.","family":"Heid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Brandl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"6924_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1864","DOI":"10.1364\/ol.18.001864","volume":"18","author":"EA Swanson","year":"1993","unstructured":"Swanson EA, Izatt JA, Hee MR et al (1993) In vivo retinal imaging by optical coherence tomography. Opt Lett 18:1864\u20131866. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/ol.18.001864","journal-title":"Opt Lett"},{"key":"6924_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-022-02356-4","volume":"22","author":"A Gershoni","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gershoni A, Barayev E, Vainer I et al (2022) Thickness measurements taken with the spectralis OCT increase with decreasing signal strength. BMC Ophthalmol 22:148. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12886-022-02356-4","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"key":"6924_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241713079","author":"JGS Rosa","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rosa JGS, Disner GR, Pinto FJ et al (2023) Revisiting retinal degeneration hallmarks: insights from molecular markers and therapy perspectives. Int J Mol Sci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms241713079","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"6924_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-018-0842-y","volume":"18","author":"Q Xu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Xu Q, Li Y, Cheng Y et al (2018) Assessment of the effect of age on macular layer thickness in a healthy Chinese cohort using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. BMC Ophthalmol 18:169. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12886-018-0842-y","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"key":"6924_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.87.7.899","volume":"87","author":"B Alamouti","year":"2003","unstructured":"Alamouti B, Funk J (2003) Retinal thickness decreases with age: an OCT study. Br J Ophthalmol 87:899\u2013901. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjo.87.7.899","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"6924_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2016.05.013","volume":"29","author":"Y Subhi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Subhi Y, Forshaw T, S\u00f8rensen TL (2016) Macular thickness and volume in the elderly: a systematic review. Ageing Res Rev 29:42\u201349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arr.2016.05.013","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"key":"6924_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(69)90950-7","volume":"2","author":"A Comfort","year":"1969","unstructured":"Comfort A (1969) Test-battery to measure ageing-rate in man. Lancet 2:1411\u20131414. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(69)90950-7","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"6924_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afac065","author":"S Nusinovici","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nusinovici S, Rim TH, Yu M et al (2022) Retinal photograph-based deep learning predicts biological age, and stratifies morbidity and mortality risk. Age Ageing. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ageing\/afac065","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"6924_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2021-319807","volume":"107","author":"Z Zhu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhu Z, Shi D, Guankai P et al (2023) Retinal age gap as a predictive biomarker for mortality risk. Br J Ophthalmol 107:547\u2013554. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2021-319807","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"6924_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1703","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-023-00920-4","volume":"46","author":"R Chen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chen R, Zhang S, Peng G et al (2024) Deep neural network-estimated age using optical coherence tomography predicts mortality. Geroscience 46:1703\u20131711. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11357-023-00920-4","journal-title":"Geroscience"},{"key":"6924_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100593","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-7568(24)00089-8","volume":"5","author":"S Nusinovici","year":"2024","unstructured":"Nusinovici S, Rim TH, Li H et al (2024) Application of a deep-learning marker for morbidity and mortality prediction derived from retinal photographs: a cohort development and validation study. Lancet Healthy Longev 5:100593. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2666-7568(24)00089-8","journal-title":"Lancet Healthy Longev"},{"key":"6924_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.adg4517","volume":"16","author":"SM Zekavat","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zekavat SM, Jorshery SD, Rauscher FG et al (2024) Phenome- and genome-wide analyses of retinal optical coherence tomography images identify links between ocular and systemic health. Sci Transl Med 16:eadg4517. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/scitranslmed.adg4517","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"6924_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-015-0122-0","volume":"15","author":"K Stark","year":"2015","unstructured":"Stark K, Olden M, Brandl C et al (2015) The German augur study: study protocol of a prospective study to investigate chronic diseases in the elderly. BMC Geriatr 15:130. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12877-015-0122-0","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"key":"6924_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8675","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-26629-5","volume":"8","author":"C Brandl","year":"2018","unstructured":"Brandl C, Zimmermann ME, G\u00fcnther F et al (2018) On the impact of different approaches to classify age-related macular degeneration: results from the German augur study. Sci Rep 8:8675. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-018-26629-5","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"6924_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1581","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.18-25332","volume":"60","author":"C Brandl","year":"2019","unstructured":"Brandl C, Br\u00fccklmayer C, G\u00fcnther F et al (2019) Retinal layer thicknesses in early age-related macular degeneration: results from the German augur study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 60:1581\u20131594. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.18-25332","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"6924_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2022-219096","volume":"76","author":"AB Steinkirchner","year":"2022","unstructured":"Steinkirchner AB, Zimmermann ME, Donhauser FJ et al (2022) Self-report of chronic diseases in old-aged individuals: extent of agreement with general practitioner medical records in the German augur study. J Epidemiol Community Health 76:931\u2013938. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jech-2022-219096","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"key":"6924_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Donhauser FJ, Zimmermann ME, Steinkirchner AB et al (2023) Cardiovascular risk factor control in 70- to 95-Year-Old individuals: Cross-Sectional results from the Population-Based augur study. J Clin Med 12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm12062102","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12062102"},{"key":"6924_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(13)38012-9","volume":"98","author":"Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group","year":"1991","unstructured":"Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group (1991) Grading diabetic retinopathy from stereoscopic color fundus photographs\u2013an extension of the modified airlie house classification. ETDRS report number 10. Ophthalmology 98:786\u2013806","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"6924_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8154","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.12-10290","volume":"53","author":"KV Chalam","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chalam KV, Bressler SB, Edwards AR et al (2012) Retinal thickness in people with diabetes and minimal or no diabetic retinopathy: Heidelberg spectralis optical coherence tomography. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 53:8154\u20138161. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.12-10290","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"6924_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.3109\/09286586.2013.867512","volume":"21","author":"R Klein","year":"2014","unstructured":"Klein R, Meuer SM, Myers CE et al (2014) Harmonizing the classification of age-related macular degeneration in the three-continent AMD consortium. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 21:14\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/09286586.2013.867512","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Epidemiol"},{"key":"6924_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-020-09165-8","volume":"20","author":"S Muli","year":"2020","unstructured":"Muli S, Meisinger C, Heier M et al (2020) Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in older people: results from the population-based KORA-age 1 study. BMC Public Health 20:1049. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-020-09165-8","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"6924_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S103","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2005-858251","volume":"67","author":"C Meisinger","year":"2005","unstructured":"Meisinger C, D\u00f6ring A, Heier M et al (2005) Type 2 diabetes mellitus in Augsburg\u2013an epidemiological overview. Gesundheitswesen 67(Suppl 1):S103\u2013S109. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-2005-858251","journal-title":"Gesundheitswesen"},{"key":"6924_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1999.10474144","volume":"94","author":"JP Fine","year":"1999","unstructured":"Fine JP, Gray RJ (1999) A proportional hazards model for the subdistribution of a competing risk. J Am Stat Assoc 94:496\u2013509. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01621459.1999.10474144","journal-title":"J Am Stat Assoc"},{"key":"6924_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1623","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-018-4040-7","volume":"256","author":"C von der Burchard","year":"2018","unstructured":"von der Burchard C, Treumer F, Ehlken C et al (2018) Retinal volume change is a reliable OCT biomarker for disease activity in neovascular AMD. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 256:1623\u20131629. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00417-018-4040-7","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"6924_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm11121337","author":"SGK Gadde","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gadde SGK, Kshirsagar A, Anegondi N et al (2021) Correlation of volume of macular edema with retinal tomography features in diabetic retinopathy eyes. J Pers Med 11. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jpm11121337","journal-title":"J Pers Med 11"},{"key":"6924_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.13393","volume":"45","author":"M Wagner","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wagner M, Sommerer J, Rauscher FG (2025) Extracting full information from OCT scans-signs of early age-related macular degeneration within inner retinal layers by local neighbourhood statistics. Part II: results. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 45:247\u2013268. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/opo.13393","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt"},{"key":"6924_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.65.2.2","volume":"65","author":"R Cheung","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cheung R, Trinh M, Tee YG et al (2024) RPE curvature can screen for early and intermediate AMD. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 65:2. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.65.2.2","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"6924_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1080\/02713683.2017.1401646","volume":"43","author":"S Nusinowitz","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nusinowitz S, Wang Y, Kim P et al (2018) Retinal structure in pre-clinical age-related macular degeneration. Curr Eye Res 43(3):376\u2013382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02713683.2017.1401646","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res"},{"key":"6924_CR29","first-page":"434","volume":"135","author":"GR Boss","year":"1981","unstructured":"Boss GR, Seegmiller JE (1981) Age-related physiological changes and their clinical significance. West J Med 135:434\u2013440","journal-title":"West J Med"},{"key":"6924_CR30","first-page":"1","volume":"33","author":"H Gao","year":"1992","unstructured":"Gao H, Hollyfield JG (1992) Aging of the human retina. Differential loss of neurons and retinal pigment epithelial cells. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 33:1\u201317","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"6924_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2018-313173","volume":"103","author":"DSW Ting","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ting DSW, Pasquale LR, Peng L et al (2019) Artificial intelligence and deep learning in ophthalmology. Br J Ophthalmol 103:167\u2013175. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2018-313173","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"6924_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awq346","volume":"134","author":"S Saidha","year":"2011","unstructured":"Saidha S, Syc SB, Ibrahim MA et al (2011) Primary retinal pathology in multiple sclerosis as detected by optical coherence tomography. Brain 134:518\u2013533. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/awq346","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"6924_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.14744\/bej.2020.65982","volume":"5","author":"MC Sabaner","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sabaner MC, Duman R, Duman R et al (2020) Inner retinal layer disease: multiple sclerosis. Beyoglu Eye J 5:93\u2013101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14744\/bej.2020.65982","journal-title":"Beyoglu Eye J"},{"key":"6924_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-025-06775-7","volume":"25","author":"EBN Friedel","year":"2025","unstructured":"Friedel EBN, Beringer M, Endres D et al (2025) Optical coherence tomography in patients with major depressive disorder. BMC Psychiatry 25:356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12888-025-06775-7","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"6924_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.08.009","volume":"126","author":"VTT Chan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chan VTT, Sun Z, Tang S et al (2019) Spectral-domain OCT measurements in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ophthalmology 126:497\u2013510. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.08.009","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"6924_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5255","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-61308-4","volume":"10","author":"S Jung","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jung S, Bosch A, Ott C et al (2020) Retinal neurodegeneration in patients with end-stage renal disease assessed by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Sci Rep 10:5255. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-020-61308-4","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"6924_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Weerts J, Raafs AG, Sandhoefner B et al (2024) Retinal vascular changes in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction using optical coherence tomography angiography. J Clin Med 13. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm13071892","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13071892"},{"key":"6924_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2144","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.14-16080","volume":"56","author":"M Kong","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kong M, Kwun Y, Sung J et al (2015) Association between systemic hypertension and macular thickness measured by optical coherence tomography. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 56:2144\u20132150. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.14-16080","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"6924_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1915","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-015-3075-2","volume":"253","author":"B Sander","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sander B, Al-Abiji HA, Kofod M et al (2015) Do different spectral domain OCT hardwares measure the same? Comparison of retinal thickness using third-party software. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 253:1915\u20131921. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00417-015-3075-2","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"6924_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0120476","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0120476","volume":"10","author":"R H\u00f6hn","year":"2015","unstructured":"H\u00f6hn R, Kottler U, Peto T et al (2015) The ophthalmic branch of the Gutenberg health study: study design, cohort profile and self-reported diseases. PLoS One 10:e0120476. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0120476","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"6924_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-015-1983-z","volume":"15","author":"M Loeffler","year":"2015","unstructured":"Loeffler M, Engel C, Ahnert P et al (2015) The LIFE-adult-study: objectives and design of a population-based cohort study with 10,000 deeply phenotyped adults in Germany. BMC Public Health 15:691. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-015-1983-z","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"6924_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e66","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyac114","volume":"52","author":"C Engel","year":"2023","unstructured":"Engel C, Wirkner K, Zeynalova S et al (2023) Cohort profile: the LIFE-Adult-Study. Int J Epidemiol 52:e66\u2013e79. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ije\/dyac114","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"6924_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e069258","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-069258","volume":"13","author":"PJ Foster","year":"2023","unstructured":"Foster PJ, Atan D, Khawaja A et al (2023) Cohort profile: rationale and methods of UK biobank repeat imaging study eye measures to study dementia. BMJ Open 13:e069258. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-069258","journal-title":"BMJ Open"}],"container-title":["Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00417-025-06924-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00417-025-06924-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00417-025-06924-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T09:01:08Z","timestamp":1762160468000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00417-025-06924-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["6924"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00417-025-06924-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0721-832X","1435-702X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0721-832X","type":"print"},{"value":"1435-702X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 January 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 June 2025","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 July 2025","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 August 2025","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This work was presented at the 122nd congress of the German Society of Ophthalmology (DOG) 2024 in Berlin, for which the authors K.J.S. and C.B. were reimbursed accommodation costs by Bayer. Author I.M.H. has received support from Roche Diagnostics for a biomarker project in the AugUR study, but unrelated to the work presented here. H. H.: Advisory board and lecture fees from: Abbvie, Alcon, Apellis, Astellas, Bayer, Novartis, Roche, Theapharm. The companies had no influence on the analysis of the data and the type of presentation.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to publish"}},{"value":"This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Institutional Review Board of the University of Regensburg (IRB number: 12-101-0258).","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent statement"}}]}}