{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T05:12:55Z","timestamp":1771045975937,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]],"date-time":"2025-10-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759363200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]],"date-time":"2025-10-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759363200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-025-06990-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]],"date-time":"2025-10-02T08:13:37Z","timestamp":1759392817000},"page":"47-54","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Acute and delayed full thickness macular holes in patients with intravitreal VEGF-inhibitors therapy"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"264","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6092-2398","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sebastian","family":"Deutsch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5221-4631","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ulrich","family":"Kellner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"6990_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.12026","volume":"41","author":"XJ Fagan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Fagan XJ, Al-Qureshi S (2013) Intravitreal injections: a review of the evidence for best practice. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 41(5):500\u2013507. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ceo.12026","journal-title":"Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"6990_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.12.030","volume":"126","author":"JCK Tan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tan JCK, Ferdi AC, Gillies MC, Watson SL (2019) Clinical registries in ophthalmology. Ophthalmology 126(5):655\u2013662. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.12.030","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"12","key":"6990_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.06.011","volume":"131","author":"MM Popovic","year":"2024","unstructured":"Popovic MM, Balas M, Sadda SR, Sarraf D, Huang R, Bakri SJ, Berrocal A, Chang A, Gemmy Cheung CM, Garg S, Hillier RJ, Holz FG, Johnson MW, Kaiser PK, Kertes PJ, Lai TYY, Noble J, Park SS, Paulus YM, Querques G, Rachitskaya A, Ruamviboonsuk P, Saidkasimova S, Sandinha MT, Steel DH, Terasaki H, Weng CY, Williams BK Jr., Wu L, Muni RH (2024) International classification system for ocular complications of Anti-VEGF agents in clinical trials. Ophthalmology 131(12):1457\u20131467. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.06.011","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"2","key":"6990_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1177\/112067211002000235","volume":"20","author":"V Grigoropoulos","year":"2010","unstructured":"Grigoropoulos V, Emfietzoglou J, Nikolaidis P, Theodossiadis G, Theodossiadis P (2010) Full-thickness macular hole after intravitreal injection of Ranibizumab in a patient with retinal pigment epithelium detachment and tear. Eur J Ophthalmol 20(2):469\u2013472. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/112067211002000235","journal-title":"Eur J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"2","key":"6990_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1097\/ICB.0b013e3181cd1da1","volume":"5","author":"M Miura","year":"2011","unstructured":"Miura M, Iwasaki T, Goto H (2011) Macular hole formation after intravitreal bevacizumab administration in a patient with myopic choroidal neovascularization. Retin Cases Brief Rep 5(2):149\u2013152. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ICB.0b013e3181cd1da1","journal-title":"Retin Cases Brief Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"6990_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1159\/000346041","volume":"3","author":"K Otsuka","year":"2012","unstructured":"Otsuka K, Imai H, Shimoyama T, Nagai T, Honda S, Azumi A (2012) Recurrence of macular hole retinal detachment after intravitreal Ranibizumab injection for the treatment of choroidal neovascularization from the remaining macular hole edge. Case Rep Ophthalmol 3(3):424\u2013427. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000346041","journal-title":"Case Rep Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"6990_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1097\/ICB.0b013e31826f090d","volume":"7","author":"VR Raiji","year":"2013","unstructured":"Raiji VR, Eliott D, Sadda SR (2013) Macular hole overlying pigment epithelial detachment after intravitreal injection with Ranibizumab. Retin Cases Brief Rep 7(1):91\u201394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ICB.0b013e31826f090d","journal-title":"Retin Cases Brief Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"6990_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1111\/cxo.12009","volume":"97","author":"HA Tufan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tufan HA, Gencer B, Kara S (2014) Macular hole after intravitreal bevacizumab injection for choroidal neovascularisation. Clin Exp Optom 97(2):178\u2013180. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cxo.12009","journal-title":"Clin Exp Optom"},{"key":"6990_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.2174\/1874364101509010177","volume":"9","author":"C Mukherjee","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mukherjee C, Mitra A, Kumar NA, Elsherbiny S, Lip PL (2015) Macular hole formation after intravitreal Ranibizumab injection in wet Age-Related macular degeneration. Open Ophthalmol J 9:177\u2013180. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1874364101509010177","journal-title":"Open Ophthalmol J"},{"key":"6990_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-015-1324-4","volume":"8","author":"D Muramatsu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Muramatsu D, Mitsuhashi R, Iwasaki T, Goto H, Miura M (2015) Macular hole formation following intravitreal injection of Ranibizumab for branch retinal vein occlusion: a case report. BMC Res Notes 8:358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13104-015-1324-4","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"key":"6990_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-015-0021-3","volume":"15","author":"Y Oshima","year":"2015","unstructured":"Oshima Y, Apte RS, Nakao S, Yoshida S, Ishibashi T (2015) Full thickness macular hole case after intravitreal Aflibercept treatment. BMC Ophthalmol 15:30. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12886-015-0021-3","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"key":"6990_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.2147\/cia.S135364","volume":"12","author":"SA Kabanarou","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kabanarou SA, Xirou T, Mangouritsas G, Garnavou-Xirou C, Boutouri E, Gkizis I, Chatziralli I (2017) Full-thickness macular hole formation following anti-VEGF injections for neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Clin Interv Aging 12:911\u2013915. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/cia.S135364","journal-title":"Clin Interv Aging"},{"key":"6990_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajoc.2017.12.003","volume":"9","author":"A Hirata","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hirata A, Hayashi K, Murata K, Nakamura KI (2018) Removal of choroidal neovascular membrane in a case of macular hole after anti-VEGF therapy for age-related macular degeneration. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 9:14\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajoc.2017.12.003","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep"},{"issue":"6","key":"6990_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_2115_18","volume":"67","author":"M Akdogan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Akdogan M, Cevik SG, Sahin O (2019) The safety and effectiveness of 0.16\u00a0mg bevacizumab plus or minus additional laser photocoagulation in the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity. Indian J Ophthalmol 67(6):879\u2013883. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijo.IJO_2115_18","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"2","key":"6990_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.3341\/kjo.2018.0079","volume":"33","author":"YJ Lee","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lee YJ, Kim M (2019) Macular hole formation after intravitreal injection of bevacizumab for diabetic macular edema. Korean J Ophthalmol 33(2):198\u2013199. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3341\/kjo.2018.0079","journal-title":"Korean J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"6990_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1159\/000503415","volume":"10","author":"A Nowosielska","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nowosielska A (2019) Macular hole surgery in the case of wet Age-Related macular degeneration treated with intravitreal Aflibercept. Case Rep Ophthalmol 10(3):369\u2013373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000503415","journal-title":"Case Rep Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"6990_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1097\/iio.0000000000000248","volume":"59","author":"AL Ringeisen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ringeisen AL, Parke DW 3rd, Dev S (2019) Characteristics and outcomes of Full-thickness macular hole repair in patients receiving Anti-VEGF injections for neovascular Age-related macular degeneration. Int Ophthalmol Clin 59(1):127\u2013135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/iio.0000000000000248","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol Clin"},{"issue":"10","key":"6990_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1756","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_1597_18","volume":"67","author":"A Sethia","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sethia A, Sheth J, Gopalakrishnan M, Anantharaman G (2019) Spontaneous formation and closure of full thickness macular hole after treatment with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy in polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy. Indian J Ophthalmol 67(10):1756\u20131758. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijo.IJO_1597_18","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"6990_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-019-1164-4","volume":"19","author":"CB Sun","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sun CB, Wang Y, Zhou S, Fang X, Xu D, Liu Z (2019) Macular hole retinal detachment after intravitreal conbercept injection for the treatment of choroidal neovascularization secondary to degenerative myopia: a case report. BMC Ophthalmol 19(1):156. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12886-019-1164-4","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"6990_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1097\/ICB.0000000000000688","volume":"14","author":"EW Chan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chan EW, Sun V, Chen JC (2020) Reopening of macular hole after intravitreal Aflibercept for neovascular Age-Related macular degeneration. Retin Cases Brief Rep 14(3):255\u2013259. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ICB.0000000000000688","journal-title":"Retin Cases Brief Rep"},{"issue":"7","key":"6990_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfo.2019.11.010","volume":"43","author":"A Moll-Udina","year":"2020","unstructured":"Moll-Udina A, Alforja-Castiella S, Figueroa-Vercellino JP, Ale-Chilet A, Casaroli-Marano RP (2020) Simultaneous retinal pigment epithelium tear and lamellar macular hole evolving to a full-thickness macular hole after intravitreal injection. J Fr Ophtalmol 43(7):e237\u2013e239. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jfo.2019.11.010","journal-title":"J Fr Ophtalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"6990_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12872","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.12872","volume":"13","author":"A Karamitsos","year":"2021","unstructured":"Karamitsos A, Sorkou KN, Bhagey J, Hillier RJ, Papastavrou VT (2021) An uncommon Aflibercept side effect: full thickness macular hole formation after intravitreal injections in patients with Pre-existing vitreomacular traction. Cureus 13(1):e12872. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.12872","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"9","key":"6990_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oftale.2020.08.006","volume":"96","author":"Z Kayaarasi Ozturker","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kayaarasi Ozturker Z, Akca Bayar S, Yaman Pinarci E, Kurt RA, Akkoyun I, Yilmaz G (2021) Atypical macular hole formation after Anti-VEGF therapy for neovascular age-related macular degeneration: coincidence or consequence? Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol (Engl Ed) 96(9):455\u2013461. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.oftale.2020.08.006","journal-title":"Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol (Engl Ed)"},{"issue":"1","key":"6990_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.4103\/ojo.OJO_103_2020","volume":"14","author":"S Mitra","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mitra S, Sarpal S, Chattopadhyay A, Paul S, Roy JG (2021) Full-thickness macular hole formation following antivascular endothelial growth factor injection in a case of hemicentral retinal vein occlusion. Oman J Ophthalmol 14(1):49\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ojo.OJO_103_2020","journal-title":"Oman J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"6990_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2020.11.014","volume":"128","author":"SK Propst","year":"2021","unstructured":"Propst SK, Seider MI, Vora RA (2021) Jet stream maculopathy. Ophthalmology 128(5):718. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2020.11.014","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"3","key":"6990_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1097\/ICB.0000000000000786","volume":"15","author":"OA Shif","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shif OA, Katz MSJ (2021) Surgical management of Full-Thickness macular hole superimposed on exudative Age-Related macular degeneration. Retin Cases Brief Rep 15(3):211\u2013213. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ICB.0000000000000786","journal-title":"Retin Cases Brief Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"6990_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1159\/000521975","volume":"13","author":"Y Ali Said","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ali Said Y, Vanwynsberghe D, Jacob J (2022) Macular hole formation following intravitreal Aflibercept for neovascular Age-Related macular degeneration. Case Rep Ophthalmol 13(1):247\u2013252. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000521975","journal-title":"Case Rep Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"12","key":"6990_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oret.2022.06.009","volume":"6","author":"MV Cicinelli","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cicinelli MV, La Franca L, De Felice E, Rabiolo A, Marchese A, Battaglia Parodi M, Introini U, Bandello F (2022) Long-term incidence and risk factors of macular Fibrosis, macular Atrophy, and macular hole in eyes with myopic neovascularization. Ophthalmol Retina 6(12):1231\u20131240. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.oret.2022.06.009","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Retina"},{"issue":"6","key":"6990_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1097\/ICB.0000000000001074","volume":"16","author":"N Goel","year":"2022","unstructured":"Goel N (2022) Full-Thickness macular hole formation and spontaneous closure during intravitreal Ranibizumab therapy for central retinal vein occlusion. Retin Cases Brief Rep 16(6):678\u2013680. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ICB.0000000000001074","journal-title":"Retin Cases Brief Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"6990_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e34660","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.34660","volume":"15","author":"P Xie","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xie P, Zhu S, Yan R, Wei P, Gao X (2023) Full-Thickness macular hole after intravitreal conbercept injection in branch retinal vein occlusion. Cureus 15(2):e34660. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.34660","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"4","key":"6990_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1097\/ICB.0000000000001220","volume":"17","author":"O Yalcinbayir","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yalcinbayir O, Ucan Gunduz G, Yildiz M, Alyamac G, Avci R (2023) Results of two cases with distinct complications due to intravitreal bevacizumab in retinopathy of prematurity. Retin Cases Brief Rep 17(4):466\u2013470. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ICB.0000000000001220","journal-title":"Retin Cases Brief Rep"},{"key":"6990_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajoc.2024.102126","volume":"36","author":"T Ando","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ando T, Kubota M, Yasukawa T, Miyase T, Ishiguro K, Esaki Y, Kato A, Kokuzawa S, Hirano Y, Sakaguchi H (2024) Macular hole with retinal pigment epithelium tear after anti-VEGF therapy in an eye with neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 36:102126. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajoc.2024.102126","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"6990_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1007\/s00347-023-01976-5","volume":"121","author":"DA Marker","year":"2024","unstructured":"Marker DA, Radeck V, Lehmann F, Barth T, Helbig H, Eter N, Alten F, Clemens CR (2024) [Iatrogenic retinal defects after intravitreal operative drug injections]. Ophthalmologie 121(2):129\u2013134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00347-023-01976-5","journal-title":"Ophthalmologie"},{"issue":"1","key":"6990_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"Np16","DOI":"10.1177\/11206721241286708","volume":"35","author":"SH Lee","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lee SH, Lee MY (2025) Full thickness macular hole after intravitreal Brolucizumab injection in neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Eur J Ophthalmol 35(1):Np16\u2013np19. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/11206721241286708","journal-title":"Eur J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"6990_CR35","unstructured":"Empfehlung der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft, der Retinologischen Gesellschaft und des Berufsverbandes der Augen\u00e4rzte Deutschland f\u00fcr die Durchf\u00fchrung von intravitrealen Injektionen (IVI) (2007) April 2007 edn., https:\/\/www.dog.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/09\/DOG_Empfehlung_Intravitreale_Injektionen.pdf"},{"issue":"10","key":"6990_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e3181884fd2","volume":"28","author":"DR Fintak","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fintak DR, Shah GK, Blinder KJ, Regillo CD, Pollack J, Heier JS, Hollands H, Sharma S (2008) Incidence of endophthalmitis related to intravitreal injection of bevacizumab and Ranibizumab. Retina 28(10):1395\u20131399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/IAE.0b013e3181884fd2","journal-title":"Retina"},{"issue":"4","key":"6990_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1080\/09273948.2018.1430238","volume":"26","author":"C Mishra","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mishra C, Lalitha P, Rameshkumar G, Agrawal R, Balne PK, Iswarya M, Kannan NB, Ramasamy K (2018) Incidence of endophthalmitis after intravitreal injections: risk Factors, microbiology Profile, and clinical outcomes. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 26(4):559\u2013568. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09273948.2018.1430238","journal-title":"Ocul Immunol Inflamm"},{"issue":"1","key":"6990_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1159\/000512695","volume":"12","author":"K Kishore","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kishore K, McGowan DS, Hanebrink KA (2021) Iatrogenic retinal penetration from intravitreal injections. Case Rep Ophthalmol 12(1):248\u2013253. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000512695","journal-title":"Case Rep Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"10","key":"6990_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2066","DOI":"10.1097\/iae.0000000000003141","volume":"41","author":"G Rabina","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rabina G, Pillar S, Nemet A, Mimouni M, Levinger N, Chowers I, Ehrlich R, Gal-Or O, Barequet D, Rosenblatt A, Moisseiev E, Greifner H, Magal I, Segal O (2021) Full-thickness macular hole in age-related macular degeneration patients with two distinct entities: a multicenter study. Retina 41(10):2066\u20132072. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/iae.0000000000003141","journal-title":"Retina"},{"issue":"3","key":"6990_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.2009.0140","volume":"26","author":"CR Clemens","year":"2010","unstructured":"Clemens CR, Holz FG, Meyer CH (2010) Macular hole formation in the presence of a pigment epithelial detachment after three consecutive intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor injections. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 26(3):297\u2013299. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/jop.2009.0140","journal-title":"J Ocul Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"9","key":"6990_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1007\/s00347-024-02091-9","volume":"121","author":"J Kohler","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kohler J (2024) [Use of shorter injection cannulas prevents complications in intravitreal drug administration]. Ophthalmologie 121(9):762. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00347-024-02091-9","journal-title":"Ophthalmologie"},{"issue":"9","key":"6990_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1007\/s00347-024-02092-8","volume":"121","author":"CR Clemens","year":"2024","unstructured":"Clemens CR, Alten F, Eter N, Helbig H, Marker DA (2024) [Shorter intravitreal injection needle: an improvement of the injection technique?]. Ophthalmologie 121(9):763\u2013764. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00347-024-02092-8","journal-title":"Ophthalmologie"},{"issue":"10","key":"6990_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1007\/s00347-023-01934-1","volume":"120","author":"S Boneva","year":"2023","unstructured":"Boneva S, Haritoglou C, Schultheiss M, Binder S, Sebag J (2023) [Role of vitreous in the pathogenesis of neovascular age-related macular degeneration]. Ophthalmologie 120(10):992\u2013998. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00347-023-01934-1","journal-title":"Ophthalmologie"},{"issue":"3","key":"6990_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e273","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.14285","volume":"98","author":"AK Schuster","year":"2020","unstructured":"Schuster AK, Kluck AK, Korb CA, Stoffelns B, Nickels S, Schulz A, M\u00fcnzel T, Wild PS, Beutel ME, Schmidtmann I, Lackner KJ, Peto T, Pfeiffer N (2020) Characteristics and pathologies of the vitreo-macular interface-results from the Gutenberg health study. Acta Ophthalmol 98(3):e273\u2013e281. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/aos.14285","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol"}],"container-title":["Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00417-025-06990-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00417-025-06990-8","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00417-025-06990-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T04:44:02Z","timestamp":1771044242000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00417-025-06990-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["6990"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00417-025-06990-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["0721-832X","1435-702X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0721-832X","type":"print"},{"value":"1435-702X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 May 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 August 2025","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 September 2025","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 October 2025","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the \u201cAerztekammer Nordrhein\u201d ethic committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individuals participating in this study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}},{"value":"Sebastian Deutsch has nothing to disclose. Ulrich Kellner received Payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events. He also participated on a Data Safety Monitoring Board or Advisory Board. For Details a ICMJE form has been submitted.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}