{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T12:31:06Z","timestamp":1773923466007,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767830400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767830400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82070957"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82070957"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Shanghai Health Science Popularization Leading Talents' Ability Promotion Project","award":["JKKPYL-2024-B02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JKKPYL-2024-B02"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-025-07079-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T22:46:13Z","timestamp":1767912373000},"page":"1079-1088","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Long-term optic nerve head microvascular impairment after acute primary angle closure: an OCTA study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"264","author":[{"given":"Yue","family":"Ying","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xintong","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanan","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qilian","family":"Sheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ye Lin","family":"Kwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mengrui","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8142-6040","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiangmei","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"7079_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ogla.2025.07.006","author":"DS Zhang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Friedman DS, Aung T, He M, Foster PJ (2025) Two decades of Angle-Closure glaucoma research. Ophthalmol Glaucoma. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ogla.2025.07.006","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Glaucoma"},{"key":"7079_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"624179","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2020.624179","volume":"7","author":"N Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang N, Wang J, Chen B, Li Y, Jiang B (2020) Prevalence of primary angle closure glaucoma in the last 20 years: A Meta-Analysis and systematic review. Front Med (Lausanne) 7:624179. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2020.624179","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"7079_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.123.4.567","volume":"123","author":"LW Yip","year":"2005","unstructured":"Yip LW, Yong VK, Hoh ST, Wong HT (2005) Optical coherence tomography of optic disc swelling in acute primary angle-closure glaucoma. Arch Ophthalmol 123:567\u2013569. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archopht.123.4.567","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"7079_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.18-25915","volume":"60","author":"S Moghimi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Moghimi S, SafiZadeh M, Fard MA, Motamed-Gorji N, Khatibi N, Chen R, Weinreb RN (2019) Changes in optic nerve head vessel density after acute primary angle closure episode. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 60:552\u2013558. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.18-25915","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"7079_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo-2023-324748","author":"S Hamid","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hamid S, Matarazzo F, Sun Z, Baboolal S, Muhundhakumar D, Foster PJ (2024) Long-term outcomes after acute primary angle closure: case series from moorfields eye Hospital, UK. Br J Ophthalmol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjo-2023-324748","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"7079_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-017-3593-1","volume":"255","author":"X Wang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wang X, Jiang C, Kong X, Yu X, Sun X (2017) Peripapillary retinal vessel density in eyes with acute primary angle closure: an optical coherence tomography angiography study. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 255:1013\u20131018. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00417-017-3593-1","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"7079_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2017.07.024","volume":"182","author":"S Zhang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhang S, Wu C, Liu L, Jia Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Zhong Y, Huang D (2017) Optical coherence tomography angiography of the peripapillary retina in primary Angle-Closure glaucoma. Am J Ophthalmol 182:194\u2013200. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajo.2017.07.024","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"7079_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2439","DOI":"10.1177\/1120672120946545","volume":"31","author":"RS Allam","year":"2021","unstructured":"Allam RS, Eltanamly RM, Raafat KA (2021) Peripapillary capillary density in acute angle closure crisis and angle closure suspect: A structure, flow and function correlation study. Eur J Ophthalmol 31:2439\u20132445. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1120672120946545","journal-title":"Eur J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"7079_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1781","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-021-02175-4","volume":"42","author":"L Fu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fu L, Chan YK, Fang J, Liu J, Wen SM, Shen LJ, Wang J, Yu GS, Nie L (2022) Optical coherence tomography angiography of the macular microcirculation in acute primary angle closure treated with phacoemulsification. Int Ophthalmol 42:1781\u20131788. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10792-021-02175-4","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol"},{"key":"7079_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lin B, Zuo C, Gao X, Huang D, Lin M (2022) Quantitative measurements of vessel density and blood flow areas primary angle closure diseases: A study of optical coherence tomography angiography. J Clin Med 11. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm11144040","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11144040"},{"key":"7079_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3789","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-022-02399-y","volume":"42","author":"R Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang R, Yang J, Shi L, Qu Y, Xu D, Liu Y, Li X (2022) Changes of macular blood flow and structure in acute primary angle closure glaucoma. Int Ophthalmol 42:3789\u20133801. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10792-022-02399-y","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol"},{"key":"7079_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18717","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-73223-9","volume":"10","author":"K Liu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu K, Xu H, Jiang H, Wang H, Wang P, Xu Y, Li F, Xu B, Yao X, Zou J (2020) Macular vessel density and foveal avascular zone parameters in patients after acute primary angle closure determined by OCT angiography. Sci Rep 10:18717. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-020-73223-9","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"7079_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2019-314789","volume":"104","author":"S Moghimi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Moghimi S, SafiZadeh M, Xu BY, Fard MA, Khatibi N, Rao HL, Weinreb RN (2020) Vessel density and retinal nerve fibre layer thickness following acute primary angle closure. Br J Ophthalmol 104:1103\u20131108. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2019-314789","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"7079_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1159\/000533874","volume":"66","author":"C Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li C, Tan L, Xu X, Chen S, Huang C (2023) Changes of optic disc and macular vessel perfusion density in primary angle closure glaucoma: A quantitative study using optical coherence tomography angiograph. Ophthalmic Res 66:1245\u20131253. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000533874","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Res"},{"key":"7079_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223","author":"PP Chan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Chan PP, Zhang X, Aung T, Chew PTK, Congdon N, Dada T, Fang SK, He M, Kim CY, Lai JSM, Lee JWY, Liang Y, Lingam V, Liu CY, Rojanapongpun P, Sun X, Tang X, Tham CCY (2025) Controversies, consensuses, and guidelines for acute primary angle closure attack (APACA) by the Asia-Pacific glaucoma society (APGS) and the academy of Asia-Pacific professors of ophthalmology (AAPPO). Asia-Pacific J Ophthalmology: 100223. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223","journal-title":"Asia-Pacific J Ophthalmology: 100223"},{"key":"7079_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Saw SM, Gazzard G, Friedman DS (2003) Interventions for angle-closure glaucoma: an evidence-based update. Ophthalmology 110:1869\u20131878. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0161-6420(03)00540-2","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(03)00540-2"},{"key":"7079_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/s0002-9394(00)00621-8","volume":"131","author":"T Aung","year":"2001","unstructured":"Aung T, Ang LP, Chan SP, Chew PT (2001) Acute primary angle-closure: long-term intraocular pressure outcome in Asian eyes. Am J Ophthalmol 131:7\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0002-9394(00)00621-8","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"7079_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2092","DOI":"10.1016\/s0161-6420(00)00360-2","volume":"107","author":"LP Ang","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ang LP, Aung T, Chew PT (2000) Acute primary angle closure in an Asian population: long-term outcome of the fellow eye after prophylactic laser peripheral iridotomy. Ophthalmology 107:2092\u20132096. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0161-6420(00)00360-2","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"7079_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104692","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2025.104692","volume":"54","author":"K Yin","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yin K, Chen H, Zhang Y, Li X, Su R, Yue Y, Lv Y, Dong L, Shi Y, Liu A (2025) Longitudinal changes in optical coherence tomography angiography before and after surgery for acute primary angle closure glaucoma. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 54:104692. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2025.104692","journal-title":"Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther"},{"key":"7079_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4378","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.04-0133","volume":"45","author":"IA Sigal","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sigal IA, Flanagan JG, Tertinegg I, Ethier CR (2004) Finite element modeling of optic nerve head biomechanics. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 45:4378\u20134387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.04-0133","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"7079_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1981.03930010139020","volume":"99","author":"HA Quigley","year":"1981","unstructured":"Quigley HA, Addicks EM (1981) Regional differences in the structure of the lamina cribrosa and their relation to glaucomatous optic nerve damage. Arch Ophthalmol 99:137\u2013143. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archopht.1981.03930010139020","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"7079_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1618436","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2025.1618436","volume":"12","author":"R Zhao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhao R, Geng W, Zhang Z, Wu Y, Wang X, Zhao B (2025) The change of retinal microvascular in APAC eyes and fellow PACS eyes detected using wide-field swept-source optical coherence tomographic angiography. Front Med (Lausanne) 12:1618436. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2025.1618436","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"7079_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.4103\/ojo.ojo_154_24","volume":"18","author":"R Philip","year":"2025","unstructured":"Philip R, Kannan V, Vijaya L, Asokan R, Balekudaru S, Parivadhini A, George R (2025) Ocular perfusion in primary angle-closure suspect and primary angle-closure eyes without prior acute angle closure. Oman J Ophthalmol 18:133\u2013137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ojo.ojo_154_24","journal-title":"Oman J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"7079_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7526185","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/7526185","volume":"2020","author":"Y Zha","year":"2020","unstructured":"ZhaY, Chen J, Liu S, Zhuang J, Cai J (2020) Vessel density and structural measurements in primary angle-closure suspect glaucoma using optical coherence tomography angiography. Biomed Res Int 2020:7526185 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2020\/7526185","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"7079_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2196","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-020-01225-y","volume":"35","author":"M Liu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liu M, Wang P, Hu X, Zhu C, Yuan Y, Ke B (2021) Myopia-related Stepwise and quadrant retinal microvascular alteration and its correlation with axial length. Eye (Lond) 35:2196\u20132205. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41433-020-01225-y","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"7079_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1172","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2021-320597","volume":"107","author":"F Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu F, Niu L, Guo J, Jian W, Shang J, Zhao J, Xue K, Zhou X (2023) Quantitative evaluation of retinal and choroidal vascularity and retrobulbar blood flow in patients with myopic anisometropia by CDI and OCTA. Br J Ophthalmol 107:1172\u20131177. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2021-320597","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"7079_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-024-02961-w","volume":"44","author":"KI Huang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Huang KI, Su FY, Ho HY, Ho HC, Chen YW, Lee CK, Lai F, Lu HH, Ko ML (2024) Axial length, more than aging, decreases the thickness and superficial vessel density of retinal nerve fiber layer in non-glaucomatous eyes. Int Ophthalmol 44:130. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10792-024-02961-w","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol"},{"key":"7079_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1097\/apo.0000000000000370","volume":"10","author":"Y Suwan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Suwan Y, Fard MA, Petpiroon P, Supakontanasan W, Pruksacholavit R, Tantraworasin A, Teekhasaenee C, Ritch R (2021) Peripapillary perfused capillary density in acute angle-Closure glaucoma: an optical coherence tomography angiography study. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila) 10:167\u2013172. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/apo.0000000000000370","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila)"},{"key":"7079_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.103209","volume":"41","author":"H Sener","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sener H, Evereklioglu C, Horozoglu F, Sener ABG (2023) Optic nerve head vessel density using OCTA in patients with primary angle closure disease: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 41:103209. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.103209","journal-title":"Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther"},{"key":"7079_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1720","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.05.006","volume":"125","author":"S Moghimi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Moghimi S, Zangwill LM, Penteado RC, Hasenstab K, Ghahari E, Hou H, Christopher M, Yarmohammadi A, Manalastas PIC, Shoji T, Bowd C, Weinreb RN (2018) Macular and optic nerve head vessel density and progressive retinal nerve fiber layer loss in glaucoma. Ophthalmology 125:1720\u20131728. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.05.006","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"7079_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2011.11.002","volume":"31","author":"M Almasieh","year":"2012","unstructured":"Almasieh M, Wilson AM, Morquette B, Cueva Vargas JL, Di Polo A (2012) The molecular basis of retinal ganglion cell death in glaucoma. Prog Retin Eye Res 31:152\u2013181. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2011.11.002","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"7079_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.3341\/kjo.2021.0172","volume":"36","author":"B Ozkan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ozkan B, Ciloglu E (2022) Evaluation of the effect of uncomplicated cataract surgery on retina and optic disc: optical coherence tomography angiography study. Korean J Ophthalmol 36:287\u2013295. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3341\/kjo.2021.0172","journal-title":"Korean J Ophthalmol"}],"container-title":["Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00417-025-07079-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00417-025-07079-y","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00417-025-07079-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T08:37:10Z","timestamp":1773909430000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00417-025-07079-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["7079"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00417-025-07079-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["0721-832X","1435-702X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0721-832X","type":"print"},{"value":"1435-702X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 May 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 November 2025","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 December 2025","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 January 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. This article does not contain any studies with animals performed by any of the authors.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}},{"value":"All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest (such as honoraria; educational grants; participation in speakers\u2019 bureaus; membership, employment, consultancies, stock ownership, or other equity interest; and expert testimony or patent-licensing arrangements), or non-financial interest (such as personal or professional relationships, affiliations, knowledge or beliefs) in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}