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This study aimed to identify clinical factors that influence long-term surgical success, particularly in the context of postoperative conjunctival scarring.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this retrospective study, 773 eyes of patients with glaucoma treated at a tertiary care center underwent implantation of the XEN gel stent. The primary outcome was long-term surgical success, defined as a reduction in intraocular pressure of at least 20% and achieving a target pressure of 18, 15, or 12 mmHg, either without (complete) or with (qualified) medication. Secondary outcomes included intraocular pressure reduction, change in best-corrected visual acuity and medication use. Potential risk factors were analysed using Kaplan-Meier survival curves and multivariable Cox regression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      At 24 months, complete and qualified success for a target pressure of 18 mmHg was achieved in 50% and 64% of cases, respectively; at 72 months, in 35% and 54%. Visual acuity remained stable. Female sex, mitomycin C dose, moderately elevated baseline pressure, and lower pressure on the first postoperative day were associated with significantly higher success rates (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Glaucoma subtype and previous incisional glaucoma surgery had no significant effect.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sex, lower antimetabolite dose and intraocular pressure values before and shortly after surgery are significant predictors of long-term success following XEN gel stent implantation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-025-07104-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T10:13:55Z","timestamp":1768299235000},"page":"1517-1526","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Factors influencing the long-term-success of the XEN gel stent"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"264","author":[{"given":"Caroline J.","family":"Wenzel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel A.","family":"Wenzel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Pagonidou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vasyl","family":"Druchkiv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emil","family":"Nasyrov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bogomil","family":"Voykov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"7104_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.2174\/1874364100903020038","volume":"3","author":"AL Coleman","year":"2009","unstructured":"Coleman AL, Kodjebacheva G (2009) Risk factors for glaucoma needing more attention. 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Prior to surgery, all patients provided informed consent, along with additional written consent for study participation. Ethical approval was granted by the local institutional ethics committee of the University of T\u00fcbingen (project number: 423\/2021B02).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"CJW, DAW, CP, VD and EN certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest, or non-financial interest in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript. BV has received speaker honoraria and advisory board compensation fees from AbbVie Deutschland GmbH, Novartis and Santen GmbH.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Clinical trial number"}}]}}