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Patients were randomized to either listen to classical music, view a home design and renovation program, or a control group. Blood pressure, heart rate, and anxiety levels (VAS-A) were measured before and 20\u00a0minutes post-intervention. Intra-operative hypertensive events (IOEs) were recorded.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 650 enrolled patients, 476 (27% exclusion) completed the study and a per-protocol analysis was used. In first-time cataract surgeries, the TV group had significantly fewer IOEs than controls (0 (0%) vs. 9 (10.3%), difference 10.3%; 95% CI, 3.9% to 16.7%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.003). Music did not show a significant IOE reduction vs. control (6 (6.4%) vs. 9 (10.3%), difference\u2009\u2212\u20094.0%; 95% CI, -12.0% to 4.1%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.334). TV trended toward fewer IOEs than music but did not reach significance (0 (6.4%) vs. 6 (0.0%), difference 6.4%; 95% CI, 1.4% to 11.3%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.030, adjusted\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.025). Decreased VAS-A was reported between music vs. control (0.88 vs. 0.17, difference 0.71; 95% CI, 0.39 to 1.03), TV vs. control (0.84 vs. 0.17, difference 0.67; 95% CI, 0.35 to 1.02), music vs. TV (0.88 vs. 0.84, difference 0.04; 95% CI, -0.32 to 0.37).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Viewing TV before surgery was associated with fewer IOEs in first-time cataract surgery patients. Music and TV were associated with lower pre-operative anxiety and might contribute to decreased IOEs that can be explored in future studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>NCT06356324 (04\/2024).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-026-07140-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T06:20:30Z","timestamp":1772000430000},"page":"1671-1678","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Television decreases intra-operative hypertensive events in cataract surgery: a randomized clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"264","author":[{"given":"Tiffany","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricky","family":"Paramo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Curley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sruthi","family":"Kodali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Zong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Barmettler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"7140_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4209","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-021-01986-9","volume":"41","author":"D Dahshan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dahshan D, Kuzbel J, Verma V (2021) A role for music in cataract surgery: a systematic review. 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