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Main outcome measures were the mean arterial (A-SO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      ; %), venular (V-SO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      ; %) oxygen saturation, as well as their difference (A-V SO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      ; %) measured with the oxygen saturation tool of the Retinal Vessel Analyzer (IMEDOS Systems UG, Germany).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Eyes affected by AZOOR differed significantly from both RP and control eyes in terms of retinal oxygen metabolic parameters. Compared to controls, AZOOR eyes showed significantly higher A-SO\u2082 and V-SO\u2082 values (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.031 and\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.044, respectively), while V-SO\u2082 was significantly lower in AZOOR compared to RP eyes (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.035). A\u2013V SO\u2082, which reflects retinal oxygen consumption, was significantly reduced only in RP eyes, but not in AZOOR eyes, when compared to controls.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Assessments of retinal oxygen metabolism might contribute to a correct diagnosis and a better understanding of the pathogenesis of AZOOR and RP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-026-07232-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T05:20:15Z","timestamp":1775798415000},"page":"3123-3129","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The effect of acute zonular occult outer retinopathy on retinal vessel oxygen saturation"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"264","author":[{"given":"Shahad Zaid","family":"Salim Al-Hamdani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Belal","family":"Al Tweish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annekatrin","family":"Rickmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Berthold","family":"Seitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hendrik PN","family":"Scholl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N\u00f3ra","family":"Szentm\u00e1ry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabian N","family":"Fries","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"della Volpe Waizel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"7232_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1014458815482","volume":"23","author":"D Schweitzer","year":"2001","unstructured":"Schweitzer D, Thamm E, Hammer M et al (2001) A new method for the measurement of oxygen saturation at the human ocular fundus. 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Dr. Scholl is director of Bioptima AG. He is member of the Scientific Advisory Board of: AIER Hospital Group, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co, Janssen Research & Development, LLC (J&J Innovative Medicine), Kerna Ventures, Okuvision GmbH, and Tenpoint Therapeutics. Dr. Scholl is member of the Investment Advisory Board of Droia NV.Dr. Scholl is member of the Data Monitoring and Safety Board\/Committee of VeonGen Therapeutics (NCT06291935) and adviser of the Steering Committee of Novo Nordisk (FOCUS trial; NCT03811561). Individual investigators who participate in the sponsored project(s) are not directly compensated by the sponsor but may receive salary or other support from the institution to support their effort on the project(s).","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}