{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T17:47:32Z","timestamp":1782928052270,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82571188"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82571188"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No.2025A1515012407"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.2025A1515012407"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Research Funds of the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology","award":["2025QNMY02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025QNMY02"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-026-07343-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T17:05:13Z","timestamp":1782925513000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Measured corneal astigmatism vs. predicted refractive astigmatism in determining astigmatism correction in cataract patients with low astigmatism"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Xiaohang","family":"Xie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haowen","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaotong","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaozhang","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuhua","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaqing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0130-8827","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lixia","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"7343_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3669","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.17-21489","volume":"58","author":"W Wang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wang W, Yan W, M\u00fcller A, He M (2017) A global view on output and outcomes of cataract surgery with national indices of socioeconomic development. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 58(9):3669\u20133676. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.17-21489","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"10094","key":"7343_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)30544-5","volume":"390","author":"YC Liu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Liu YC, Wilkins M, Kim T, Malyugin B, Mehta JS (2017) Cataracts. Lancet 390(10094):600\u2013612. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)30544-5","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"7343_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0000000000000627","volume":"31","author":"RR Sigireddi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sigireddi RR, Weikert MP (2020) How much astigmatism to treat in cataract surgery. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 31(1):10\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ICU.0000000000000627","journal-title":"Curr Opin Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"10","key":"7343_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2008.151829","volume":"93","author":"MR Wilkins","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wilkins MR, Allan B, Rubin G, Moorfields IOL Study Group (2009) Spectacle use after routine cataract surgery. Br J Ophthalmol 93(10):1307\u20131312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjo.2008.151829","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"2","key":"7343_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2012.08.060","volume":"39","author":"W Chen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chen W, Zuo C, Chen C et al (2013) Prevalence of corneal astigmatism before cataract surgery in Chinese patients. J Cataract Refract Surg 39(2):188\u2013192. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrs.2012.08.060","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"7343_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.3928\/1081597X-20231106-03","volume":"39","author":"X Xie","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xie X, Zhang J, Han X et al (2023) Is astigmatism correction necessary for patients with cataract who have corneal astigmatism of less than 0.75 D? J Refract Surg 39(12):850\u2013855. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3928\/1081597X-20231106-03","journal-title":"J Refract Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"7343_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.issn.0412-4081.2017.01.003","volume":"53","author":"Cataract and Intraocular Lens Group, Chinese Ophthalmological Society","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cataract and Intraocular Lens Group, Chinese Ophthalmological Society (2017) Clinical application guidelines of toric intraocular lens in China (2017). Chin J Ophthalmol 53(1):7\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3760\/cma.j.issn.0412-4081.2017.01.003","journal-title":"Chin J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"6","key":"7343_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.01.022","volume":"122","author":"DD Koch","year":"2015","unstructured":"Koch DD (2015) The posterior cornea: hiding in plain sight. Ophthalmology 122(6):1070\u20131071. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.01.022","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"12","key":"7343_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2080","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2012.08.036","volume":"38","author":"DD Koch","year":"2012","unstructured":"Koch DD, Ali SF, Weikert MP, Shirayama M, Jenkins R, Wang L (2012) Contribution of posterior corneal astigmatism to total corneal astigmatism. J Cataract Refract Surg 38(12):2080\u20132087. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrs.2012.08.036","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"7343_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.01.021","volume":"122","author":"Y Ueno","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ueno Y, Hiraoka T, Miyazaki M, Ito M, Oshika T (2015) Corneal thickness profile and posterior corneal astigmatism in normal corneas. Ophthalmology 122(6):1072\u20131078. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.01.021","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"10","key":"7343_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1416","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2019.05.020","volume":"45","author":"L Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang L, Spektor T, de Souza RG, Koch DD (2019) Evaluation of total keratometry and its accuracy for intraocular lens power calculation in eyes after corneal refractive surgery. J Cataract Refract Surg 45(10):1416\u20131421. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrs.2019.05.020","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"issue":"10","key":"7343_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.3928\/1081597X-20150928-03","volume":"31","author":"A Abulafia","year":"2015","unstructured":"Abulafia A, Hill WE, Franchina M, Barrett GD (2015) Comparison of methods to predict residual astigmatism after intraocular lens implantation. J Refract Surg 31(10):699\u2013707. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3928\/1081597X-20150928-03","journal-title":"J Refract Surg"},{"key":"7343_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2022.02.029","volume":"240","author":"A Abulafia","year":"2022","unstructured":"Abulafia A, Barrett GD, Porat-Rein A et al (2022) Measured corneal astigmatism versus pseudophakic predicted refractive astigmatism in cataract surgery candidates. Am J Ophthalmol 240:225\u2013231. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajo.2022.02.029","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"7","key":"7343_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1097\/j.jcrs.0000000000001178","volume":"49","author":"O Reitblat","year":"2023","unstructured":"Reitblat O, Barnir M, Qassoom A, Levy A, Assia EI, Kleinmann G (2023) Comparison of the Barrett toric calculator using measured and predicted posterior corneal astigmatism and the Kane and Abulafia-Koch calculators. J Cataract Refract Surg 49(7):704\u2013710. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/j.jcrs.0000000000001178","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"7343_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.3928\/1081597X-20150728-03","volume":"31","author":"DD Koch","year":"2015","unstructured":"Koch DD, Wang L (2015) Surgically induced astigmatism. J Refract Surg 31(8):565. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3928\/1081597X-20150728-03","journal-title":"J Refract Surg"},{"key":"7343_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/j.jcrs.0000000000001645","author":"DD Koch","year":"2025","unstructured":"Koch DD, Holladay JT, Naeser K et al (2025) Standards for analyzing astigmatic outcomes: Part II: recommended statistical methods. J Cataract Refract Surg. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/j.jcrs.0000000000001645","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"issue":"10","key":"7343_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2018.07.027","volume":"44","author":"A Abulafia","year":"2018","unstructured":"Abulafia A, Koch DD, Holladay JT, Wang L, Hill W (2018) Pursuing perfection in intraocular lens calculations: IV. Rethinking astigmatism analysis for intraocular lens-based surgery: suggested terminology, analysis, and standards for outcome reports. J Cataract Refract Surg 44(10):1169\u20131174. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrs.2018.07.027","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"7343_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1097\/j.jcrs.0000000000000871","volume":"48","author":"JT Holladay","year":"2022","unstructured":"Holladay JT, Wilcox RR, Koch DD, Wang L (2022) Astigmatism analysis and reporting of surgically induced astigmatism and prediction error. J Cataract Refract Surg 48(7):799\u2013812. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/j.jcrs.0000000000000871","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"7343_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1097\/j.jcrs.0000000000001217","volume":"49","author":"L Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang L, Holladay JT, Wilcox RR, Koch DD (2023) Wrap-up R functions for statistical analysis of spherical equivalent and astigmatic prediction errors. J Cataract Refract Surg 49(8):890\u2013891. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/j.jcrs.0000000000001217","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"7343_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1097\/j.jcrs.0000000000001217","volume":"49","author":"L Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang L, Holladay JT, Wilcox RR, Koch DD (2023) Wrap-up R functions for statistical analysis of spherical equivalent and astigmatic prediction errors. J Cataract Refract Surg 49(8):890\u2013891. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/j.jcrs.0000000000001217","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"7343_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1097\/j.jcrs.0000000000000560","volume":"47","author":"SC Schallhorn","year":"2021","unstructured":"Schallhorn SC, Hettinger KA, Pelouskova M et al (2021) Effect of residual astigmatism on uncorrected visual acuity and patient satisfaction in pseudophakic patients. J Cataract Refract Surg 47(8):991\u2013998. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/j.jcrs.0000000000000560","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"7343_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2020.07.051","volume":"221","author":"K Hayashi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hayashi K, Yoshida M, Igarashi C, Hirata A (2021) Effect of refractive astigmatism on all-distance visual acuity in eyes with a trifocal intraocular lens. Am J Ophthalmol 221:279\u2013286. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajo.2020.07.051","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"7343_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2023.1214714","volume":"10","author":"W Shen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Shen W, Zhuo B, Zhang L, Shen J, Ma D, Yang J (2023) Effect of astigmatism on visual outcomes after multifocal intraocular lens implantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Med 10:1214714. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2023.1214714","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"7343_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1895","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2011.04.036","volume":"37","author":"A Felipe","year":"2011","unstructured":"Felipe A, Artigas JM, D\u00edez-Ajenjo A, Garc\u00eda-Domene C, Alcocer P (2011) Residual astigmatism produced by toric intraocular lens rotation. J Cataract Refract Surg 37(10):1895\u20131901. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrs.2011.04.036","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"7343_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2005.12.104","volume":"32","author":"E Borasio","year":"2006","unstructured":"Borasio E, Mehta JS, Maurino V (2006) Surgically induced astigmatism after phacoemulsification in eyes with mild to moderate corneal astigmatism: temporal versus on-axis clear corneal incisions. J Cataract Refract Surg 32(4):565\u2013572. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrs.2005.12.104","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"7343_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2004.12.057","volume":"139","author":"J Tejedor","year":"2005","unstructured":"Tejedor J, Murube J (2005) Choosing the location of corneal incision based on preexisting astigmatism in phacoemulsification. Am J Ophthalmol 139(5):767\u2013776. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajo.2004.12.057","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"7343_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2021.05.028","volume":"231","author":"S Yang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yang S, Byun YS, Kim HS, Chung SH (2021) Comparative accuracy of Barrett toric calculator with and without posterior corneal astigmatism measurements and the Kane toric formula. Am J Ophthalmol 231:48\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajo.2021.05.028","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"7343_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1739","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S351011","volume":"16","author":"MK Lukewich","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lukewich MK, Murtaza F, Somani S, Tam ES, Chiu HH (2022) Comparison of Barrett toric calculations using measured and predicted posterior corneal astigmatism in cataract surgery patients. Clin Ophthalmol 16:1739\u20131751. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/OPTH.S351011","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"7343_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-023-02646-1","volume":"38","author":"X Yang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yang X, Jiang Y, Lin S et al (2024) The predictive accuracy of Barrett toric calculator using measured posterior corneal astigmatism derived from swept source-OCT and Scheimpflug camera. Eye (Lond) 38(1):132\u2013137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41433-023-02646-1","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"issue":"12","key":"7343_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.3928\/1081597X-20171004-03","volume":"33","author":"TB Ferreira","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ferreira TB, Ribeiro P, Ribeiro FJ, O\u2019Neill JG (2017) Comparison of methodologies using estimated or measured values of total corneal astigmatism for toric intraocular lens power calculation. J Refract Surg 33(12):794\u2013800. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3928\/1081597X-20171004-03","journal-title":"J Refract Surg"},{"key":"7343_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/j.jcrs.0000000000001025","author":"DD Koch","year":"2022","unstructured":"Koch DD (2022) Comparison of accuracy of a toric calculator with predicted vs measured posterior corneal astigmatism. J Cataract Refract Surg. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/j.jcrs.0000000000001025","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"7343_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.3928\/1081597X-20200930-03","volume":"36","author":"O Reitblat","year":"2020","unstructured":"Reitblat O, Levy A, Megiddo Barnir E, Assia EI, Kleinmann G (2020) Toric IOL calculation in eyes with high posterior corneal astigmatism. J Refract Surg 36(12):820\u2013825. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3928\/1081597X-20200930-03","journal-title":"J Refract Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"7343_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-017-0483-9","volume":"38","author":"S Feizi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Feizi S, Naderan M, Ownagh V, Sadeghpour F (2018) Distribution of the anterior, posterior, and total corneal astigmatism in healthy eyes. Int Ophthalmol 38(2):481\u2013491. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10792-017-0483-9","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol"}],"container-title":["Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00417-026-07343-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00417-026-07343-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00417-026-07343-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T17:05:34Z","timestamp":1782925534000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00417-026-07343-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"references-count":33,"alternative-id":["7343"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00417-026-07343-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["0721-832X","1435-702X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0721-832X","type":"print"},{"value":"1435-702X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 October 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 April 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 June 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 July 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the Ethics Review Committee of the Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University (approval number: 2019KYPJ033), and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}},{"value":"All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest or non-financial interest in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}