{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T10:06:45Z","timestamp":1784023605855,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783987200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-026-07384-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T09:28:48Z","timestamp":1784021328000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["One-year outcomes of the PAUL glaucoma implant versus ahmed glaucoma valve for the treatment of glaucoma following cataract surgery"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Ibrahim","family":"AlObaida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faisal","family":"Alanazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"7384_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2004.056143","volume":"89","author":"C Kirwan","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kirwan C, O\u2019Keefe M, Lanigan B, Mahmood U (2005) Ahmed valve drainage implant surgery in the management of paediatric aphakic glaucoma. Br J Ophthalmol 89:855\u2013858","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"7384_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1791","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.07-1156","volume":"49","author":"B Haargaard","year":"2008","unstructured":"Haargaard B, Ritz C, Oudin A, Wohlfahrt J, Thygesen J, Olsen T et al (2008) Risk of glaucoma after paediatric cataract surgery. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 49:1791\u20131796","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"7384_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2008.03.031","volume":"115","author":"DS Minckler","year":"2008","unstructured":"Minckler DS, Francis BA, Hodapp EA, Jampel HD, Lin SC, Samples JR et al (2008) Aqueous shunts in glaucoma: a report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology. Ophthalmology 115:1089\u20131098","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"7384_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1159\/000458485","volume":"59","author":"AA Aref","year":"2017","unstructured":"Aref AA, Gedde SJ, Budenz DL (2017) Glaucoma drainage implant surgery. Dev Ophthalmol 59:43\u201352","journal-title":"Dev Ophthalmol"},{"key":"7384_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-017-0503-1","volume":"34","author":"I Riva","year":"2017","unstructured":"Riva I, Roberti G, Katsanos A, Oddone F, Quaranta L (2017) A review of the Ahmed glaucoma valve implant and comparison with other surgical operations. Adv Ther 34:834\u2013847","journal-title":"Adv Ther"},{"key":"7384_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2020.06.014","volume":"24","author":"A Mofti","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mofti A, Alharbi A, Alsuhaibani M, Aljaber A, Altamimi L, Ahmad S et al (2020) Long-term outcomes of the Ahmed glaucoma valve surgery in childhood glaucoma. J AAPOS 24:346.e1-346.e8","journal-title":"J AAPOS"},{"key":"7384_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.3341\/kjo.2009.23.2.86","volume":"23","author":"JJ Lee","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lee JJ, Park KH, Kim DM, Kim TW (2009) Clinical outcomes of Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation using tube ligation and removable external stents. Korean J Ophthalmol 23:86\u201392","journal-title":"Korean J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"7384_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(99)00080-X","volume":"128","author":"F Topouzis","year":"1999","unstructured":"Topouzis F, Coleman AL, Choplin N, Bethlem MM, Hill R, Yu F et al (1999) Follow-up of the original cohort with the Ahmed glaucoma valve implant. Am J Ophthalmol 128:198\u2013204","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"7384_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2008.261","volume":"23","author":"HK Yang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Yang HK, Park KH (2009) Clinical outcomes after Ahmed valve implantation in refractory paediatric glaucoma. Eye (Lond) 23:1427\u20131435","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"7384_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3202","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-021-01595-x","volume":"35","author":"ICF Pereira","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pereira ICF, van de Wijdeven R, Wyss HM, Beckers HJM, Den Toonder JMJ (2020) Conventional glaucoma implants and the new MIGS devices: a comprehensive review of current options and future directions. Eye (Lond) 35:3202\u20133221","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"7384_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0000000000002366","volume":"33","author":"S Berteloot","year":"2024","unstructured":"Berteloot S, Correia Bar\u00e3o R, Abeg\u00e3o Pinto L, Vandewalle E, Stalmans I, Lemmens S (2024) Treatment outcomes comparing the Paul and Baerveldt glaucoma implants after one year of follow-up. J Glaucoma 33:594\u2013600","journal-title":"J Glaucoma"},{"key":"7384_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1905","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-021-01737-1","volume":"36","author":"NA Vallabh","year":"2022","unstructured":"Vallabh NA, Mason F, Yu JTS, Yau K, Fenerty CH, Mercieca K et al (2022) Surgical technique, perioperative management and early outcome data of the PAUL\u00ae glaucoma drainage device. Eye (Lond) 36:1905\u20131910","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"issue":"8","key":"7384_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2351","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-023-06000-9","volume":"261","author":"NA Vallabh","year":"2023","unstructured":"Vallabh NA, Mohindra R, Drysdale E, Mason F, Fenerty CH, Yau K (2023) The PAUL\u00ae glaucoma implant: 1-year results of a novel glaucoma drainage device in a paediatric cohort. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 261(8):2351\u20132358","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"10","key":"7384_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13102914","volume":"13","author":"AL Mendoza-Moreira","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mendoza-Moreira AL, Voigt AM, Stingl JV, Rezapour J, Wagner FM, Schuster AK, Hoffmann EM (2024) Paul glaucoma implant following congenital cataract surgery in a pediatric cohort. J Clin Med 13(10):2914","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"7384_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0000000000002360","volume":"33","author":"M Karapapak","year":"2024","unstructured":"Karapapak M, Olgun A (2024) One-year outcomes of the PAUL glaucoma implant compared with the Ahmed Glaucoma Valve for the treatment of silicone oil glaucoma. J Glaucoma 33:310\u2013316","journal-title":"J Glaucoma"},{"key":"7384_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1159\/000334798","volume":"50","author":"Y Ou","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ou Y, Caprioli J (2021) Surgical management of paediatric glaucoma. Dev Ophthalmol 50:157\u2013172","journal-title":"Dev Ophthalmol"},{"key":"7384_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2351","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-023-06000-9","volume":"261","author":"NA Vallabh","year":"2023","unstructured":"Vallabh NA, Mohindra R, Drysdale E, Mason F, Fenerty CH, Yau K (2023) The PAUL\u00ae glaucoma implant: 1-year results of a novel glaucoma drainage device in a paediatric cohort. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 261:2351\u20132235","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"7384_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0000000000002697","author":"AL Mendoza-Moreira","year":"2026","unstructured":"Mendoza-Moreira AL, Stingl JV, Wolfrum P, Welzel AM, Rezapour J, Wagner FM, Schuster AK, Hoffmann EM (2026) PAUL\u00ae glaucoma implant versus Ahmed\u00ae glaucoma valve in pediatric glaucoma following congenital cataract surgery. J Glaucoma. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/IJG.0000000000002697","journal-title":"J Glaucoma"},{"issue":"5","key":"7384_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1007\/s10384-024-01076-0","volume":"68","author":"M Karapapak","year":"2024","unstructured":"Karapapak M, Olgun A (2024) Efficacy and safety of the paul glaucoma implant in the treatment of refractory primary congenital glaucoma. Jpn J Ophthalmol 68(5):571\u2013577. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10384-024-01076-0","journal-title":"Jpn J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"7384_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2024.10.024","volume":"271","author":"AM Elhusseiny","year":"2025","unstructured":"Elhusseiny AM, Khaled OM, Chauhan MZ et al (2025) Initial Results of the Paul Ahmed Comparison (PAC) Study in Refractory Childhood Glaucoma. Am J Ophthalmol 271:71\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajo.2024.10.024","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"7384_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16646","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-00839-0","volume":"15","author":"AL Mendoza-Moreira","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mendoza-Moreira AL, Stingl JV, Voigt AM et al (2025) Efficacy and safety outcomes of the Paul glaucoma implant compared to the Ahmed glaucoma valve. Sci Rep 15:16646. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-00839-0","journal-title":"Sci Rep"}],"container-title":["Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00417-026-07384-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00417-026-07384-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00417-026-07384-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T09:28:49Z","timestamp":1784021329000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00417-026-07384-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]]},"references-count":21,"alternative-id":["7384"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00417-026-07384-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0721-832X","1435-702X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0721-832X","type":"print"},{"value":"1435-702X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"20 December 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 June 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 July 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 July 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital and adhered to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki. Due to the retrospective nature of the study, the requirement for informed consent was waived.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Human ethics and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Clinical trial registration"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}