{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T05:04:57Z","timestamp":1789621497680,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789603200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82371089"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82371089"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012245","name":"Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023A1111120013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023A1111120013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012245","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-026-07503-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T04:48:06Z","timestamp":1789620486000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association of primary congenital glaucoma with quality of life in children and their families"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Jinyun","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuqi","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongmei","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yimin","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingting","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengting","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuoshuo","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shufen","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lili","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianghua","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingxin","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liying","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiyin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yin","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10513","key":"7503_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1873","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(25)01637-X","volume":"406","author":"Burden of 375 diseases","year":"2025","unstructured":"Burden of 375 diseases (2025) and injuries, risk-attributable burden of 88 risk factors, and healthy life expectancy in 204 countries and territories, including 660 subnational locations, 1990\u20132023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023. Lancet 406(10513):1873\u20131922","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"9937","key":"7503_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60648-6","volume":"384","author":"UE Bauer","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bauer UE, Briss PA, Goodman RA, Bowman BA (2014) Prevention of chronic disease in the 21st century: elimination of the leading preventable causes of premature death and disability in the USA. Lancet 384(9937):45\u201352","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"12","key":"7503_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1787","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo-2022-321718","volume":"107","author":"AL Solebo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Solebo AL, Teoh L, Sargent J, Rahi JS (2023) Avoidable childhood blindness in a high-income country: findings from the British Childhood Visual Impairment and Blindness Study 2. Br J Ophthalmol 107(12):1787\u20131792","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"7503_CR4","first-page":"1","volume":"105","author":"European Glaucoma Society","year":"2021","unstructured":"European Glaucoma Society (2021) Terminology and Guidelines for Glaucoma, 5th Edition. Br J Ophthalmol 105(Suppl 1):1\u2013169","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"7503_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jiang J, Hu Y, Zhu Y, Zhong Y, Xiang C, Chen S et al (2025) Visual outcomes of children with primary congenital glaucoma receiving different refractive corrections: The CLEVR-PCG Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Ophthalmol","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2025.3976"},{"issue":"12","key":"7503_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0000000000001049","volume":"27","author":"Y Hu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hu Y, Fang L, Guo X, Yang X, Chen W, Ding X et al (2018) Corneal Configurations and High-order Aberrations in Primary Congenital Glaucoma. J Glaucoma 27(12):1112\u20131118","journal-title":"J Glaucoma"},{"issue":"2","key":"7503_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ogla.2024.10.001","volume":"8","author":"SR Beldick","year":"2025","unstructured":"Beldick SR, Rockter A, Beck AD, Levin AV, The Robison D, Harley (2025) MD Childhood Glaucoma Research Network International Pediatric Glaucoma Registry: The First 872 Cases. Ophthalmol Glaucoma 8(2):175\u2013180","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Glaucoma"},{"key":"7503_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jiang J, Hu Y, Zhu Y, Liu X, Chen S, Yu M et al (2025) Improvement of postoperative visual outcomes in children with primary congenital glaucoma. Eye Contact Lens","DOI":"10.1097\/ICL.0000000000001254"},{"issue":"1","key":"7503_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.07.029","volume":"122","author":"B Patil","year":"2015","unstructured":"Patil B, Tandon R, Sharma N, Verma M, Upadhyay AD, Gupta V et al (2015) Corneal changes in childhood glaucoma. Ophthalmology 122(1):87\u201392","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"11","key":"7503_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.07.006","volume":"130","author":"AK Mandal","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mandal AK, Gothwal VK, Mohamed A (2023) Long-term Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Surgery for Primary Congenital Glaucoma between 1991 and 2000: A Single-center Database Study. Ophthalmology 130(11):1162\u20131173","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"4","key":"7503_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1097\/JS9.0000000000000283","volume":"109","author":"YJ Lee","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lee YJ, Ha A, Kang D, Shim SR, Jeoung JW, Park KH et al (2023) Comparative efficacies of 13 surgical interventions for primary congenital glaucoma in children: a network meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Int J Surg 109(4):953\u2013962","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"7503_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2017.02.024","volume":"124","author":"A Dahlmann-Noor","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dahlmann-Noor A, Tailor V, Bunce C, Abou-Rayyah Y, Adams G, Brookes J et al (2017) Quality of Life and Functional Vision in Children with Glaucoma. Ophthalmology 124(7):1048\u20131055","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"15","key":"7503_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3157","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-023-02492-1","volume":"37","author":"DE McLaughlin","year":"2023","unstructured":"McLaughlin DE, Semrov A, Munshi H, Patel AJ, Rahi J, Grajewski AL (2023) The impact of childhood glaucoma on psychosocial functioning and quality of life: a review of the literature. Eye (Lond) 37(15):3157\u20133173","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"issue":"5","key":"7503_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2020.0539","volume":"138","author":"SR Hatt","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hatt SR, Leske DA, Casta\u00f1eda YS, Wernimont SM, Liebermann L, Cheng-Patel CS et al (2020) Association of Strabismus With Functional Vision and Eye-Related Quality of Life in Children. JAMA Ophthalmol 138(5):528\u2013535","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"14","key":"7503_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"Des143","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.17-23467","volume":"59","author":"M Ayaki","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ayaki M, Tsubota K, Kawashima M, Kishimoto T, Mimura M, Negishi K (2018) Sleep Disorders are a Prevalent and Serious Comorbidity in Dry Eye. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 59(14):Des143\u2013des150","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"7503_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2021.1708","volume":"139","author":"SY Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang SY, Li J, Liu R, Lao HY, Fan Z, Jin L et al (2021) Association of Allergic Conjunctivitis With Health-Related Quality of Life in Children and Their Parents. JAMA Ophthalmol 139(8):830\u2013837","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"9","key":"7503_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2019-315131","volume":"104","author":"RS Chaudhary","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chaudhary RS, Gupta A, Sharma A, Gupta S, Sofi RA, Sundar D et al (2020) Long-term functional outcomes of different subtypes of primary congenital glaucoma. Br J Ophthalmol 104(9):1288\u20131292","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"9596","key":"7503_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61602-X","volume":"370","author":"E von Elm","year":"2007","unstructured":"von Elm E, Altman DG, Egger M, Pocock SJ, G\u00f8tzsche PC, Vandenbroucke JP (2007) The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. Lancet 370(9596):1453\u20131457","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"5","key":"7503_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0000000000000516","volume":"29","author":"A Thau","year":"2018","unstructured":"Thau A, Lloyd M, Freedman S, Beck A, Grajewski A, Levin AV (2018) New classification system for pediatric glaucoma: implications for clinical care and a research registry. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 29(5):385\u2013394","journal-title":"Curr Opin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"7503_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2019.01.001","volume":"200","author":"SR Hatt","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hatt SR, Leske DA, Casta\u00f1eda YS, Wernimont SM, Liebermann L, Cheng-Patel CS et al (2019) Development of Pediatric Eye Questionnaires for Children With Eye Conditions. Am J Ophthalmol 200:201\u2013217","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"7503_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2019.07.018","volume":"208","author":"DA Leske","year":"2019","unstructured":"Leske DA, Hatt SR, Casta\u00f1eda YS, Wernimont SM, Liebermann L, Cheng-Patel CS et al (2019) Validation of the Pediatric Eye Questionnaire in Children with Visual Impairment. Am J Ophthalmol 208:124\u2013132","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"7","key":"7503_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-022-02157-5","volume":"37","author":"L Gong","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gong L, Yu X, Wei L, Zhang R, Cao S, Xiong Y et al (2023) Translating and evaluating the Chinese version of Pediatric Eye Questionnaire (PedEyeQ-CN) for children. Eye (Lond) 37(7):1397\u20131404","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"7503_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2020.10.019","volume":"223","author":"DA Leske","year":"2021","unstructured":"Leske DA, Hatt SR, Wernimont SM, Casta\u00f1eda YS, Cheng-Patel CS, Liebermann L et al (2021) Association of Visual Acuity with Eye-Related Quality of Life and Functional Vision Across Childhood Eye Conditions. Am J Ophthalmol 223:220\u2013228","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"7503_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23e21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2020.10.010","volume":"25","author":"DA Leske","year":"2021","unstructured":"Leske DA, Hatt SR, Wernimont SM, Casta\u00f1eda YS, Cheng-Patel CS, Liebermann L et al (2021) Quality of life and functional vision across pediatric eye conditions assessed using the PedEyeQ. J aapos 25(1):23e21\u201323e25","journal-title":"J aapos"},{"issue":"7","key":"7503_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e062754","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-062754","volume":"12","author":"LSW Knight","year":"2022","unstructured":"Knight LSW, Ridge B, Staffieri SE, Craig JE, Prem Senthil M, Souzeau E (2022) Quality of life in children with glaucoma: a qualitative interview study in Australia. BMJ Open 12(7):e062754","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"8","key":"7503_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e30479","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.30479","volume":"70","author":"J Wise","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wise J, Hayashi R, Wu T, Malone S, Badawi AA, King A et al (2023) Eye-related quality of life and activities of daily living in pediatric retinoblastoma patients: A single-center, non-controlled, cross-sectional analysis. Pediatr Blood Cancer 70(8):e30479","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"key":"7503_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2022.10.022","volume":"247","author":"A Zdonczyk","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zdonczyk A, Tychsen L, Constantino JN, Culican SM, Badawi AA, Reynolds M (2023) Impact of Ocular Conditions and Improvements After Refractive Surgery in Quality of Life for Children With Neurodevelopmental Disorders. Am J Ophthalmol 247:9\u201317","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"7503_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dumitru AI, Ilie AC, Bondar AC, Mudireddy NR, Turimula A, Mavrea A et al (2025) Dyadic mental health in paediatric congenital heart disease: actor-partner associations between child HRQoL\/depression and caregiver stress across lesion severity. Healthcare (Basel) 13(21)","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare13212681"},{"key":"7503_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103622","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103622","volume":"90","author":"LG Tigelaar","year":"2025","unstructured":"Tigelaar LG, Haveman LM, Bekkering WP, Van Tinteren H, Maurice-Stam H, Van der Hoek H et al (2025) A multidisciplinary approach to assessing the impact of local therapy in pediatric bone sarcoma patients and survivors: a cross-sectional study of adverse events and health-related quality of life. EClinicalMedicine 90:103622","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"7503_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110747","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2025.110747","volume":"172","author":"D Alessi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Alessi D, Della Vecchia S, Donati MA, Primi C, Santisi S, Salluce C et al (2025) Health conditions and social problems in children and adolescents with epilepsy: The role of quality of life by employing the PedsQL-EM. Epilepsy Behav 172:110747","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"issue":"2","key":"7503_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-023-05262-z","volume":"183","author":"Z Zhou","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhou Z, Zhu Y, Luo R, Chen K, Li X, Guo X et al (2024) The associations of self-perception, movement competence, and clinical features of young school-aged children with glaucoma. Eur J Pediatr 183(2):885\u2013895","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"issue":"6","key":"7503_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3074","DOI":"10.1177\/1120672120977354","volume":"31","author":"A Miraftabi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Miraftabi A, Coleman AL, Nilforushan N, Parsamanesh M, Nguyen AH, Karimi N et al (2021) Vision-related quality of life in patients with a history of congenital glaucoma. Eur J Ophthalmol 31(6):3074\u20133079","journal-title":"Eur J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"7503_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2019.05.003","volume":"205","author":"A Kantipuly","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kantipuly A, Pillai MR, Shroff S, Khatiwala R, Raman GV, Krishnadas SR et al (2019) Caregiver Burden in Primary Congenital Glaucoma. Am J Ophthalmol 205:106\u2013114","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"4","key":"7503_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-011-9975-7","volume":"21","author":"D Buck","year":"2012","unstructured":"Buck D, Clarke MP, Powell C, Tiffin P, Drewett RF (2012) Use of the PedsQL in childhood intermittent exotropia: estimates of feasibility, internal consistency reliability and parent-child agreement. Qual Life Res 21(4):727\u2013736","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"7503_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2006.109603","volume":"91","author":"M Chak","year":"2007","unstructured":"Chak M, Rahi JS (2007) The health-related quality of life of children with congenital cataract: findings of the British Congenital Cataract Study. Br J Ophthalmol 91(7):922\u2013926","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"7503_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oftal.2018.09.001","volume":"94","author":"MN Moreno","year":"2019","unstructured":"Moreno MN, Morales Fern\u00e1ndez L, Ruiz Medrano M, Mart\u00ednez de la Casa JM, Madrigal S\u00e1nchez R, Hern\u00e1ndez Garc\u00eda E et al (2019) Quality of life and visual function in children with glaucoma in Spain. Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol (Engl Ed) 94(3):119\u2013124","journal-title":"Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol (Engl Ed)"},{"issue":"8","key":"7503_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(98)00411-0","volume":"48","author":"GL Albrecht","year":"1999","unstructured":"Albrecht GL, Devlieger PJ (1999) The disability paradox: high quality of life against all odds. Soc Sci Med 48(8):977\u2013988","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"7503_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2008.01.002","volume":"1","author":"CE Drum","year":"2008","unstructured":"Drum CE, Horner-Johnson W, Krahn GL (2008) Self-rated health and healthy days: examining the disability paradox. Disabil Health J 1(2):71\u201378","journal-title":"Disabil Health J"},{"issue":"10","key":"7503_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0276881","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0276881","volume":"17","author":"A Basilious","year":"2022","unstructured":"Basilious A, Villani S, Jang H, Kaberi KM, Malvankar-Mehta MS (2022) Quality of life and caregiver burden in pediatric glaucoma: A systematic review. PLoS ONE 17(10):e0276881","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"}],"container-title":["Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00417-026-07503-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00417-026-07503-x","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00417-026-07503-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T04:48:13Z","timestamp":1789620493000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00417-026-07503-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"references-count":39,"alternative-id":["7503"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00417-026-07503-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0721-832X","1435-702X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0721-832X","type":"print"},{"value":"1435-702X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 May 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 August 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 September 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 September 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The research was approved by Institutional Review Board of the Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University and carried out in line with the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}