{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T04:58:50Z","timestamp":1790657930199,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790640000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790640000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare inter- and intra-device agreement of pupil size (PS) measurements of an aberrometer\/coherence interferometer\/tomographer (Pentacam AXL Wave (OCULUS)), optical coherence tomographer\/placido topographer (MS-39, (CSO\/Schwind)) and an infrared based pupillometer (PupilX (Albomed)).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this prospective study, PS of healthy eyes was measured with Pentacam without (WO) and with glare (WG), PupilX in 0, 0.06, 0.12, 4 and 64\u00a0lx and MS-39 in 0.04, 4 and 50\u00a0lx three times each. Scotopic conditions were defined as WO and\u2009\u2264\u20090.12\u00a0lx, mesopic as 4\u00a0lx and photopic as WG, 50 and 64\u00a0lx. Measurements were compared per lighting condition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirty-seven eyes of 37 participants (mean age 30.8\u00a0years\u2009\u00b1\u20099.1\u00a0years) were included. Pentacam WG and PupilX at 64\u00a0lx showed the lowest inter-device difference and had the only non-significant difference (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.204). The second lowest mean difference was between Pentacam WO and PupilX at 0.06\u00a0lx where significance was also not met (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.05). Pentacam WO and PupilX at 0\u00a0lx showed the highest inter-device difference (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). The lowest intra-device difference (IDD) for scotopic conditions was 0.19\u00a0mm (standard deviation (SD): 0.17\u00a0mm) with PupilX at 0\u00a0lx. In mesopic conditions, the lowest IDD was 0.2\u00a0mm (SD: 0.15\u00a0mm) with MS-39, in photopic conditions 0.16\u00a0mm (SD: 0.11\u00a0mm) with PupilX.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pentacam showed close-to-acceptable agreement with PupilX in photopic conditions. In the other conditions significant differences were found, which applied for MS-39 and PupilX for all illumination levels. All three devices showed excellent intra-device repeatability for all illuminations levels.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-026-07509-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T04:31:10Z","timestamp":1790656270000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pupil size measurements with two multifunctional devices based on different technologies and an infrared based pupillometer"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Petra","family":"Davidova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julian","family":"Bucur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asma","family":"Achourak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jakob","family":"Wend","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klemens Paul","family":"Kaiser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Kohnen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"7509_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(99)00331-4","volume":"26","author":"BS Boxer Wachler","year":"2000","unstructured":"Boxer Wachler BS, Krueger RR (2000) Agreement and repeatability of pupillometry using videokeratography and infrared devices. J Cataract Refract Surg 26(1):35\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0886-3350(99)00331-4","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"7509_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2020.02.013","volume":"214","author":"R Chopra","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chopra R, Mulholland PJ, Petzold A, Ogunbowale L, Gazzard G, Bremner F, Anderson RS, Keane PA (2020) Automated pupillometry using a prototype binocular optical coherence tomography system. Am J Ophthalmol 214:21\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajo.2020.02.013","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"7509_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1097\/j.jcrs.0000000000001432","volume":"50","author":"P Davidova","year":"2024","unstructured":"Davidova P, Biller M, Ademmer V, Kohnen T (2024) Pupil size measurements with a multifunctional aberrometer\/coherence interferometer\/tomographer and two infrared based pupillometers. J Cataract Refract Surg 50:631\u2013636. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/j.jcrs.0000000000001432","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"7509_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/j.jcrs.0000000000001912","author":"P Davidova","year":"2026","unstructured":"Davidova P, Kaiser KP, Jandewerth T, Hemkeppler E, B\u00f6hm M, Struller T, Kohnen T (2026) Impact of pupil size on defocus curve, contrast sensitivity and patient satisfaction in a diffractive, simultaneous vision intraocular lens. J Cataract Refract Surg. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/j.jcrs.0000000000001912","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"7509_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.5935\/0004-2749.20140062","volume":"77","author":"A Dom\u00ednguez-Vicent","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dom\u00ednguez-Vicent A, Mons\u00e1lvez-Rom\u00edn D, Albarr\u00e1n-Diego C, Brautaset R, Ferrer-Blasco T (2014) Changes in anterior chamber dimensions during accommodation as assessed using a dual Scheimpflug system. Arq Bras Oftalmol 77(4):243\u2013249. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5935\/0004-2749.20140062","journal-title":"Arq Bras Oftalmol"},{"issue":"11","key":"7509_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2247","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-017-3770-2","volume":"255","author":"M Feil","year":"2017","unstructured":"Feil M, Moser B, Abegg M (2017) The interaction of pupil response with the vergence system. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 255(11):2247\u20132253. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00417-017-3770-2","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"7509_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2379","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2005.10.024","volume":"31","author":"T Kawamorita","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kawamorita T, Uozato H (2005) Modulation transfer function and pupil size in multifocal and monofocal intraocular lenses in vitro. J Cataract Refract Surg 31:2379\u20132385","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"7509_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(13)80039-9","volume":"20","author":"MC Knorz","year":"1994","unstructured":"Knorz MC, Koch DD, Martinez-Franco C, Lorger CV (1994) Effect of pupil size and astigmatism on contrast acuity with monofocal and bifocal intraocular lenses. J Cataract Refract Surg 20(1):26\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0886-3350(13)80039-9","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"7509_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-003-0735-4","volume":"242","author":"EM Kohnen","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kohnen EM, Zubcov AA, Kohnen T (2004a) Scotopic pupil size in a normal pediatric population using infrared pupillometry. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 242(1):18\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00417-003-0735-4","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"10","key":"7509_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2004.05.009","volume":"30","author":"T Kohnen","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kohnen T, Terzi E, Kasper T, Kohnen EM, B\u00fchren J (2004b) Correlation of infrared pupillometers and CCD-camera imaging from aberrometry and videokeratography for determining scotopic pupil size. J Cataract Refract Surg 30(10):2116\u20132123","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"7509_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1097\/j.jcrs.0000000000000906","volume":"48","author":"T Kohnen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kohnen T, Lemp-Hull J, Suryakumar R (2022) Defocus curves: focusing on factors influencing assessment. J Cataract Refract Surg 48(8):961\u2013968. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/j.jcrs.0000000000000906","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"7509_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2004.05.025","volume":"30","author":"S Kurz","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kurz S, Krummenauer F, Pfeiffer N, Dick BH (2004) Monocular versus binocular pupillometry. J Cataract Refract Surg 30(12):2551\u20132556. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrs.2004.05.025","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"7509_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.5334\/joc.18","volume":"1","author":"S Math\u00f4t","year":"2018","unstructured":"Math\u00f4t S (2018) Pupillometry: psychology, physiology, and function. J Cogn 1(1):16\u201316","journal-title":"J Cogn"},{"issue":"4","key":"7509_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2166","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.13-13492","volume":"55","author":"A Mathur","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mathur A, Gehrmann J, Atchison DA (2014) Influences of luminance and accommodation stimuli on pupil size and pupil center location. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 55(4):2166\u20132172. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.13-13492","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"7509_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5789","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10245789","volume":"10","author":"F P\u00e9rez-Bartolom\u00e9","year":"2021","unstructured":"P\u00e9rez-Bartolom\u00e9 F, Rocha-De-lossada C, S\u00e1nchez-Gonz\u00e1lez JM, Feu-Basilio S, Torras-Sanvicens J, Peraza-Nieves J (2021) Anterior-segment swept-source ocular coherence tomography and Scheimpflug imaging agreement for keratometry and pupil measurements in healthy eyes. J Clin Med 10:5789. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm10245789","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"7509_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.16910\/jemr.12.6.11","volume":"12","author":"MN Perquin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Perquin MN, Bompas A (2019) Reliability and correlates of intraindividual variability in the oculomotor system. J Eye Mov Res 12(6):11. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.16910\/jemr.12.6.11","journal-title":"J Eye Mov Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"7509_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.85.7.816","volume":"85","author":"S Pieh","year":"2001","unstructured":"Pieh S, Lackner B, Hanselmayer G, Z\u00f6hrer R, Sticker M, Weghaupt H, Fercher A, Skorpik C (2001) Halo size under distance and near conditions in refractive multifocal intraocular lenses. Br J Ophthalmol 85(7):816\u2013821. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjo.85.7.816","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"7","key":"7509_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.19070\/2332-290X-1600050","volume":"4","author":"A Rickmann","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rickmann A, Waizel M, Kazerounian S, Szurman P, Boden KT (2016) Relation of Pupil Size and Retinal Diseases. Int J Ophthalmol Eye Res 4(7):242\u2013245. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.19070\/2332-290X-1600050","journal-title":"Int J Ophthalmol Eye Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"7509_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1080\/01658107.2016.1226345","volume":"41","author":"A Rickmann","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rickmann A, Waizel M, Kazerounian S, Szurman P, Wilhelm H, Boden KT (2017) Digital pupillometry in normal subjects. Neuro-Ophthalmol 41(1):12\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01658107.2016.1226345","journal-title":"Neuro-Ophthalmol"},{"key":"7509_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-26678-X_18","volume-title":"Essentials in ophthalmology-cataract and refractive surgery","author":"E Rosen","year":"2005","unstructured":"Rosen E (2005) \u201cThe pupil and refractive surgery.\u201d In: Krieglstein GK, Weinreb RN, Kohnen T, Koch DD (eds) Essentials in ophthalmology-cataract and refractive surgery, first ed. Springer, pp 289\u2013302","edition":"first ed"},{"issue":"8","key":"7509_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(01)01350-5","volume":"28","author":"ES Rosen","year":"2002","unstructured":"Rosen ES, Gore CL, Taylor D, Chitkara D, Howes F, Kowalewski E (2002) Use of a digital infrared pupillometer to assess patient suitability for refractive surgery. J Cataract Refract Surg 28(8):1433\u20131438. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0886-3350(01)01350-5","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"7509_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0290417","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0290417","volume":"18","author":"A Saad","year":"2023","unstructured":"Saad A, Steinberg J, Frings A (2023) Repeatability of pupil diameter measurements using three different topography devices. PLoS ONE 18(8):e0290417. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0290417","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"12","key":"7509_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1294","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_1072_17","volume":"65","author":"GS Sachdev","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sachdev GS, Sachdev M (2017) Optimizing outcomes with multifocal intraocular lenses. Indian J Ophthalmol 65(12):1294\u20131300. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijo.IJO_1072_17","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"4","key":"7509_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1177\/112067210701700415","volume":"17","author":"C Salati","year":"2007","unstructured":"Salati C, Salvetat ML, Zeppieri M, Brusini P (2007) Pupil size influence on the intraocular performance of the multifocal AMO-Array intraocular lens in elderly patients. Eur J Ophthalmol 17(4):571\u2013578. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/112067210701700415","journal-title":"Eur J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"7509_CR25","unstructured":"Schilde T, Bende T, Matallana M, Kohlhaas M (2013) Vergleichsmessungen Des Pupillendurchmessers Mit Dem Neuen PupilX , Dem Proyon Und Dem Colvard-Handpupillometer Bei Verschiedenen Lichtintensit\u00e4ten. DGII Jahresband, pp 125\u201328"},{"issue":"2","key":"7509_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.3928\/1081597X-20100121-08","volume":"26","author":"AT Yazici","year":"2009","unstructured":"Yazici AT, Bozkurt E, Alagoz C, Alag\u00f6z N, Pekel G, Kaya V (2009) Central corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth, and pupil diameter measurements using Visante OCT, Orbscan, and Pentacam. J Refract Surg 26(2):127\u2013133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3928\/1081597X-20100121-08","journal-title":"J Refract Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"7509_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0261463","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0261463","volume":"16","author":"K Yoo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yoo K, Ahn J, Lee SH (2021) The confounding effects of eye blinking on pupillometry, and their remedy. PLoS ONE 16(12):e0261463. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0261463","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"}],"container-title":["Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00417-026-07509-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00417-026-07509-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00417-026-07509-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T04:31:16Z","timestamp":1790656276000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00417-026-07509-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]]},"references-count":27,"alternative-id":["7509"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00417-026-07509-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["0721-832X","1435-702X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0721-832X","type":"print"},{"value":"1435-702X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 April 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 July 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 September 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 September 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"T.K.: Consultant, Research and Lecturing for Alcon, Oculus, Schwind, Staar.\u00a0Consultant and Lecturing for Tarsus, Ziemer.\u00a0Research and Lecturing for Teleon Surgical.\u00a0Consulting for Abbvie, Geuder, LensGen, Santen, Stadapharm, Thieme, Zeiss Meditec.\u00a0Lecturing for Allergan, Bausch & Lomb, Johnson & Johnson, MedUpdate, streamedup.\u00a0K.P.K.: lecture fees from Oculus and support from the ESCRS Peter Barry Fellowship grant 2025.\u00a0All other authors have nothing to declare.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}