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However, the role of the comorbidity of PE and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in placental neutrophil r-TM and serum NETs remains unknown. Human placental tissue (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009160) and serum (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200980) samples were obtained post-ethical approval and divided by pregnancy type and HIV status and across the study population. Immunohistochemistry and morphometry were performed to localize and quantify junctional adhesion molecule-C (JAM-C) expression as an inverse marker of neutrophil r-TM within placental villi. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to quantify the concentration of citrullinated histone H3 (cit-H3) as a marker of NETs. GraphPad Prism (version 8.0.2) was used to compare the results, and a <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> value of <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05 was considered statistically significant. The localization of JAM-C was observed on the syncytiotrophoblasts (STBs) and endothelial cells of placental villi. The immunoexpression of JAM-C was elevated in PE vs. normotensive (N) placentae. In the exchange villi, JAM-C immunoexpression was higher in the N+ve vs. N-ve group. However, in PE comorbid HIV infection, JAM-C expression was lower in the PE+ve vs. PE-ve group. Citrullinated histone-H3 concentration was lower in the N+ve vs. N-ve group but elevated in early-onset PE (EOPE)+ve vs. late-onset PE (LOPE)+ve group. These results indicate that PE and HIV-infected placentae individually express elevated JAM-C, manifesting in less neutrophil r-TM. However, in exchange villi of PE comorbid with HIV infection reduced JAM-C enhances neutrophil r-TM, thus supporting the synergistic effect of PE comorbid with HIV.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00418-024-02298-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,24]],"date-time":"2024-06-24T12:02:02Z","timestamp":1719230522000},"page":"273-286","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Placental neutrophil reverse trans-migration and maternal serum neutrophil extracellular trap expression in HIV infection co-morbid pre-eclampsia in women of African ancestry"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"162","author":[{"given":"Merantha","family":"Moodley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jagidesa","family":"Moodley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thajasvarie","family":"Naicker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2298_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1864","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01864","volume":"11","author":"I Aneman","year":"2020","unstructured":"Aneman I, Pienaar D, Suvakov S, Simic TP, Garovic VD, Mcclements L (2020) Mechanisms of key innate immune cells in early-and late-onset preeclampsia. 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