{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T14:40:32Z","timestamp":1771944032275,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768521600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768521600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["23K14304"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23K14304"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["25K18707"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25K18707"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["25K12197"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25K12197"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["23K06350"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23K06350"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Histochem Cell Biol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The development of immunohistochemical and immunohistofluorescence assays is essential for investigating the tissue and cellular distribution of target proteins. In this study, we identify specific anti-ESR1 antibodies against rodent ESR1 proteins and evaluate their applicability for immunohistochemistry and dual immunohistofluorescence with the specific anti-ESR2 antibody PPZ0506. We assessed the specificity and cross-reactivity of six commercially available anti-ESR1 antibodies (Clones MC-20, C1355, E115, H4624, SP1, and F-10) against mouse and rat ESR1 proteins using immunoblotting and immunocytofluorescence assays. Among them, MC-20, C1355, E115, and H4624 exhibited specific immunoreactivity to mouse and rat ESR1 proteins. These four antibodies were subsequently applied to paraffin-embedded ovarian and uterine sections from mice and rats. Heat-induced antigen retrieval and an appropriate antibody dilution were required to obtain specific and adequate signals. MC-20 and E115 were suitable for immunohistochemical detection of ESR1 proteins, while C1355 was effective for uterine tissue staining. H4624 showed utility only in mouse tissues. Furthermore, rabbit-derived MC-20 and E115 antibodies were successfully employed in dual immunohistofluorescence assays with the mouse monoclonal PPZ0506 antibody, enabling simultaneous visualization of ESR1 and ESR2 proteins in paraffin-embedded ovarian sections. Notably, little cellular co-localization of ESR1 and ESR2 proteins was observed in mouse and rat ovarian sections. These findings provide a validated set of antibodies for ESR1 immunohistochemical detection and demonstrate their compatibility with ESR2 co-labeling, facilitating detailed analysis of estrogen receptor distribution in rodent tissues.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00418-025-02454-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T12:58:23Z","timestamp":1768568303000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Optimized selection of specific antibodies against rodent ESR1 proteins and their application for immunohistochemistry and dual immunohistofluorescence with the specific anti-ESR2 antibody PPZ0506"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"164","author":[{"given":"Mika","family":"Soma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3936-0105","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masahiro","family":"Morishita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2329-9300","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shimpei","family":"Higo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-9750-1888","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kenta","family":"Sekiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2044-316X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hirotaka","family":"Ishii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2454_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15840","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms15840","volume":"8","author":"S Andersson","year":"2017","unstructured":"Andersson S, Sundberg M, Pristovsek N, Ibrahim A, Jonsson P, Katona B, Clausson CM, Zieba A, Ramstr\u00f6m M, S\u00f6derberg O, Williams C, Asplund A (2017) Insufficient antibody validation challenges oestrogen receptor beta research. Nat Commun 8:15840. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ncomms15840","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2454_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1267\/ahc.22-00075","volume":"55","author":"N Choijookhuu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Choijookhuu N, Shibata Y, Ishizuka T, Xu Y, Koji T, Hishikawa Y (2022) An advanced detection system for in situ hybridization using a fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based molecular beacon probe. Acta Histochem Cytochem 55:119\u2013128. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1267\/ahc.22-00075","journal-title":"Acta Histochem Cytochem"},{"key":"2454_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19858","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.32.19858","volume":"272","author":"SM Cowley","year":"1997","unstructured":"Cowley SM, Hoare S, Mosselman S, Parker MG (1997) Estrogen receptors alpha and beta form heterodimers on DNA. J Biol Chem 272:19858\u201319862. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.272.32.19858","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2454_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2900","DOI":"10.1038\/s41596-019-0206-y","volume":"14","author":"Z Du","year":"2019","unstructured":"Du Z, Lin JR, Rashid R, Maliga Z, Wang S, Aster JC, Izar B, Sorger PK, Santagata S (2019) Qualifying antibodies for image-based immune profiling and multiplexed tissue imaging. Nat Protoc 14:2900\u20132930. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41596-019-0206-y","journal-title":"Nat Protoc"},{"key":"2454_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt0502-473","volume":"20","author":"S Fredriksson","year":"2002","unstructured":"Fredriksson S, Gullberg M, Jarvius J, Olsson C, Pietras K, G\u00fastafsd\u00f3ttir SM, Ostman A, Landegren U (2002) Protein detection using proximity-dependent DNA ligation assays. Nat Biotechnol 20:473\u2013477. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nbt0502-473","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"key":"2454_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12293","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-39474-y","volume":"13","author":"K Furuminato","year":"2023","unstructured":"Furuminato K, Minatoya S, Senoo E, Goto T, Yamazaki S, Sakaguchi M, Toyota K, Iguchi T, Miyagawa S (2023) The role of mesenchymal estrogen receptor\u00a01 in mouse uterus in response to estrogen. Sci Rep 13:12293. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-023-39474-y","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2454_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2015.06.086","volume":"571","author":"Y Hattori","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hattori Y, Ishii H, Morita A, Sakuma Y, Ozawa H (2015) Characterization of the fundamental properties of the N-terminal truncation (\u0394 exon 1) variant of estrogen receptor \u03b1 in the rat. Gene 571:117\u2013125. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gene.2015.06.086","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"2454_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2016.01.026","volume":"425","author":"Y Hattori","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hattori Y, Ishii H, Munetomo A, Watanabe H, Morita A, Sakuma Y, Ozawa H (2016) Human C-terminally truncated ER\u03b1 variants resulting from the use of alternative exons in the ligand-binding domain. Mol Cell Endocrinol 425:111\u2013122. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mce.2016.01.026","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol"},{"key":"2454_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2020.111145","volume":"523","author":"Y Hattori","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hattori Y, Ishii H, Higo S, Otsuka M, Kanaya M, Matsumoto K, Ozawa M, Ozawa H (2021) Optimization of immunohistochemical detection of rat ESR2 proteins with well-validated monoclonal antibody PPZ0506. Mol Cell Endocrinol 523:111145. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mce.2020.111145","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol"},{"key":"2454_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-019-05441-3","volume":"179","author":"JR Hawse","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hawse JR, Carter JM, Aspros KGM, Bruinsma ES, Koepplin JW, Negron V, Subramaniam M, Ingle JN, Rech KL, Goetz MP (2020) Optimized immunohistochemical detection of estrogen receptor beta using two validated monoclonal antibodies confirms its expression in normal and malignant breast tissues. Breast Cancer Res Treat 179:241\u2013249. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10549-019-05441-3","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res Treat"},{"key":"2454_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2018-00087","volume":"39","author":"SC Hewitt","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hewitt SC, Korach KS (2018) Estrogen receptors: new directions in the new millennium. Endocr Rev 39:664\u2013675. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/er.2018-00087","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"2454_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1007\/s00795-002-0193-9","volume":"36","author":"Y Hishikawa","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hishikawa Y, Damavandi E, Izumi S, Koji T (2003) Molecular histochemical analysis of estrogen receptor alpha and beta expressions in the mouse ovary: in situ hybridization and Southwestern histochemistry. Med Electron Microsc 36:67\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00795-002-0193-9","journal-title":"Med Electron Microsc"},{"key":"2454_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2011.03.004","volume":"125","author":"H Ishii","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ishii H, Sakuma Y (2011) Complex organization of the 5\u2032-untranslated region of the mouse estrogen receptor \u03b1 gene: identification of numerous mRNA transcripts with distinct 5\u2032-ends. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 125:211\u2013218. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2011.03.004","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"key":"2454_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.04.009","volume":"248","author":"H Ishii","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ishii H, Hattori Y, Munetomo A, Watanabe H, Sakuma Y, Ozawa H (2017) Characterization of rodent constitutively active estrogen receptor \u03b1 variants and their constitutive transactivation mechanisms. Gen Comp Endocrinol 248:16\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.04.009","journal-title":"Gen Comp Endocrinol"},{"key":"2454_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20246312","volume":"20","author":"H Ishii","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ishii H, Otsuka M, Kanaya M, Higo S, Hattori Y, Ozawa H (2019) Applicability of anti-human estrogen receptor \u03b2 antibody PPZ0506 for the immunodetection of rodent estrogen receptor \u03b2 proteins. Int J Mol Sci 20:6312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms20246312","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2454_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1272\/jnms.JNMS.2023_90-507","volume":"90","author":"H Ishii","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ishii H, Hattori Y, Ozawa H (2023) Estrogen receptor \u03b1 isoforms generated by alternative use of cryptic exons. J Nippon Med Sch 90:364\u2013371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1272\/jnms.JNMS.2023_90-507","journal-title":"J Nippon Med Sch"},{"key":"2454_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2012.02.029","volume":"210","author":"MN Islam","year":"2012","unstructured":"Islam MN, Fujinaga R, Yanai A, Jahan MR, Takeshita Y, Kokubu K, Shinoda K (2012) Characterization of the \u201csporadically lurking HAP1-immunoreactive (SLH) cells\u201d in the hippocampus, with special reference to the expression of steroid receptors, GABA, and progenitor cell markers. Neuroscience 210:67\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2012.02.029","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"2454_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1189","volume":"24","author":"AK Kenworthy","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kenworthy AK (2001) Imaging protein-protein interactions using fluorescence resonance energy transfer microscopy. Methods 24:289\u2013296. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/meth.2001.1189","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"2454_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.3233\/JCB-230110","volume":"9","author":"MG Kohale","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kohale MG, Dhobale AV, Bankar NJ, Noman O, Hatgaonkar K, Mishra V (2023) Immunohistochemistry in pathology: a review. J Cell Biotech 9:131\u2013138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/JCB-230110","journal-title":"J Cell Biotech"},{"key":"2454_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1267\/ahc.25-00006","volume":"58","author":"T Koji","year":"2025","unstructured":"Koji T (2025) Reflections on the principles of fixation in histochemistry and cytochemistry: with a special focus on immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. Acta Histochem Cytochem 58:31\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1267\/ahc.25-00006","journal-title":"Acta Histochem Cytochem"},{"key":"2454_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioad129","volume":"110","author":"Y Kunimura","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kunimura Y, Iwata K, Ishii H, Ozawa H (2024) Chronic estradiol exposure suppresses luteinizing hormone surge without affecting kisspeptin neurons and estrogen receptor alpha in anteroventral periventricular nucleus. Biol Reprod 110:90\u2013101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/biolre\/ioad129","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"2454_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1267\/ahc.22-00050","volume":"56","author":"S Masuda","year":"2023","unstructured":"Masuda S, Nakanishi Y (2023) Application of immunohistochemistry in clinical practices as a standardized assay for breast cancer. Acta Histochem Cytochem 56:1\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1267\/ahc.22-00050","journal-title":"Acta Histochem Cytochem"},{"key":"2454_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/s00418-025-02376-3","volume":"163","author":"KI Matsuda","year":"2025","unstructured":"Matsuda KI, Tanaka M (2025) Changes in estrogen receptor \u03b1 positive cells in the amygdala and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis during pregnancy and the postpartum period in rats. Histochem Cell Biol 163:47. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00418-025-02376-3","journal-title":"Histochem Cell Biol"},{"key":"2454_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13632","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0806503105","volume":"105","author":"H Mori","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mori H, Matsuda K, Pfaff DW, Kawata M (2008) A recently identified hypothalamic nucleus expressing estrogen receptor alpha. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105:13632\u201313637. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.0806503105","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"2454_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1272\/jnms.JNMS.2023_90-209","volume":"90","author":"M Morishita","year":"2023","unstructured":"Morishita M, Higo S, Hattori Y, Ozawa M, Otsuka M, Matsumoto K, Ozawa H, Ishii H (2023a) Immunohistochemistry for ESR2 with a mouse monoclonal antibody (PPZ0506). J Nippon Med Sch 90:138\u2013140. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1272\/jnms.JNMS.2023_90-209","journal-title":"J Nippon Med Sch"},{"key":"2454_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1186\/s13293-023-00574-z","volume":"14","author":"M Morishita","year":"2023","unstructured":"Morishita M, Higo S, Iwata K, Ishii H (2023b) Sex and interspecies differences in ESR2-expressing cell distributions in mouse and rat brains. Biol Sex Differ 14:89. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13293-023-00574-z","journal-title":"Biol Sex Differ"},{"key":"2454_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1650059","volume":"165","author":"CN Mowa","year":"2000","unstructured":"Mowa CN, Iwanaga T (2000) Differential distribution of oestrogen receptor-alpha and -beta mRNAs in the female reproductive organ of rats as revealed by in situ hybridization. J Endocrinol 165:59\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1677\/joe.0.1650059","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"2454_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1535","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.2001.81.4.1535","volume":"81","author":"S Nilsson","year":"2001","unstructured":"Nilsson S, M\u00e4kel\u00e4 S, Treuter E, Tujague M, Thomsen J, Andersson G, Enmark E, Pettersson K, Warner M, Gustafsson JA (2001) Mechanisms of estrogen action. Physiol Rev 81:1535\u20131565. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/physrev.2001.81.4.1535","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"2454_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1267\/ahc.22-00043","volume":"55","author":"M Ozawa","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ozawa M, Hattori Y, Higo S, Otsuka M, Matsumoto K, Ozawa H, Ishii H (2022) Optimized mouse-on-mouse immunohistochemical detection of mouse ESR2 proteins with PPZ0506 monoclonal antibody. Acta Histochem Cytochem 55:159\u2013168. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1267\/ahc.22-00043","journal-title":"Acta Histochem Cytochem"},{"key":"2454_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1650359","volume":"165","author":"G Pelletier","year":"2000","unstructured":"Pelletier G, Labrie C, Labrie F (2000) Localization of oestrogen receptor alpha, oestrogen receptor beta and androgen receptors in the rat reproductive organs. J Endocrinol 165:359\u2013370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1677\/joe.0.1650359","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"2454_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1486","DOI":"10.1210\/mend.11.10.9989","volume":"11","author":"K Pettersson","year":"1997","unstructured":"Pettersson K, Grandien K, Kuiper GG, Gustafsson JA (1997) Mouse estrogen receptor beta forms estrogen response element-binding heterodimers with estrogen receptor alpha. Mol Endocrinol 11:1486\u20131496. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/mend.11.10.9989","journal-title":"Mol Endocrinol"},{"key":"2454_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.1.337","volume":"97","author":"S Saji","year":"2000","unstructured":"Saji S, Jensen EV, Nilsson S, Rylander T, Warner M, Gustafsson JA (2000) Estrogen receptors alpha and beta in the rodent mammary gland. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 97:337\u2013342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.97.1.337","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"2454_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-4731(86)90111-1","volume":"24","author":"M Sar","year":"1989","unstructured":"Sar M, Parikh I (1989) Immunohistochemical localization of estrogen receptor in rat brain, pituitary and uterus with monoclonal antibodies. J Steroid Biochem 24:497\u2013503. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0022-4731(86)90111-1","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem"},{"key":"2454_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.140.2.6533","volume":"140","author":"M Sar","year":"1999","unstructured":"Sar M, Welsch F (1999) Differential expression of estrogen receptor-beta and estrogen receptor-alpha in the rat ovary. Endocrinology 140:963\u2013971. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/endo.140.2.6533","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2454_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3100","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10123100","volume":"10","author":"SK Schr\u00f6der","year":"2022","unstructured":"Schr\u00f6der SK, Tag CG, Kessel JC, Antonson P, Weiskirchen R (2022) Immunohistochemical detection of estrogen receptor-beta (ERbeta) with PPZ0506 antibody in murine tissue: from pitfalls to optimization. Biomedicines 10:3100. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biomedicines10123100","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"2454_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1016\/s0039-128x(98)00054-3","volume":"63","author":"PJ Shughrue","year":"1998","unstructured":"Shughrue PJ, Lane MV, Scrimo PJ, Merchenthaler I (1998) Comparative distribution of estrogen receptor-alpha (ER-alpha) and beta (ER-beta) mRNA in the rat pituitary, gonad, and reproductive tract. Steroids 63:498\u2013504. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0039-128x(98)00054-3","journal-title":"Steroids"},{"key":"2454_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4012","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.136.9.7649110","volume":"136","author":"OD Slayden","year":"1995","unstructured":"Slayden OD, Koji T, Brenner RM (1995) Microwave stabilization enhances immunocytochemical detection of estrogen receptor in frozen sections of macaque oviduct. Endocrinology 136:4012\u20134021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/endo.136.9.7649110","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2454_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2022.976349","volume":"15","author":"Y Tsuneoka","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tsuneoka Y, Atsumi Y, Makanae A, Yashiro M, Funato H (2022) Fluorescence quenching by high-power LEDs for highly sensitive fluorescence in situ hybridization. Front Mol Neurosci 15:976349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnmol.2022.976349","journal-title":"Front Mol Neurosci"},{"key":"2454_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00508308","volume":"90","author":"S Yamashita","year":"1989","unstructured":"Yamashita S, Korach KS (1989) A modified immunohistochemical procedure for the detection of estrogen receptor in mouse tissues. Histochemistry 90:325\u2013330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00508308","journal-title":"Histochemistry"}],"container-title":["Histochemistry and Cell Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00418-025-02454-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00418-025-02454-6","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00418-025-02454-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T12:58:24Z","timestamp":1768568304000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00418-025-02454-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2454"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00418-025-02454-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-119X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-119X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 November 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 December 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 January 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interests"}}],"article-number":"4"}}