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These organelles are also involved in a diverse range of other metabolic and non-metabolic functions. We recently compared the transcriptome and proteome of\n                    <jats:italic>Saccharomyces cerevisiae<\/jats:italic>\n                    wild-type and peroxisome-deficient (\n                    <jats:italic>pex3<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) cells. This study uncovered the major processes and metabolic pathways that are influenced by peroxisomes. Here we performed a mass spectrometry-based analysis of intracellular metabolites of the same two strains. This led to the identification of 160 compounds, of which seven exhibited significant differences between wild-type and\n                    <jats:italic>pex3<\/jats:italic>\n                    cells (glycerol-3-phosphate, carnitine, pantothenate, acetyl-spermidine, propionyl-carnitine, and aminolevulinic acid). Notably, we observed elevated lysine levels in\n                    <jats:italic>pex3<\/jats:italic>\n                    cells, consistent with previous findings, which confirms the reliability and accuracy of our analytical approach. In addition, changes in carnitine compounds were measured, aligning with the proposed occurrence of a carnitine shuttle across the peroxisomal membrane. By integration of the current metabolomic data with the previously obtained transcriptomic and proteomic data, we provide a broader view of the metabolic impact of peroxisome deficiency. We show that, in addition to the well-known function of yeast peroxisomes in lipid and fatty acid degradation, these organelles are also involved in lipid synthesis. Furthermore, our study revealed that peroxisome deficiency affects polyamine homeostasis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00418-025-02456-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T17:14:38Z","timestamp":1769706878000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Peroxisome deficiency impacts metabolites of lysine, lipid, and polyamine metabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"164","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-7938-3797","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tjasa","family":"Kosir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel Baptista Alves","family":"Malheiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lea Gi\u00f8rtz","family":"Johnsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6060-1557","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hirak","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5096-1975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bettina","family":"Warscheid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Morten","family":"Danielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7165-9679","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ida J.","family":"van der Klei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2456_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11868","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-11942-2","volume":"7","author":"NA Al-Saryi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Al-Saryi NA, Al-Hejjaj MY, van Roermund CWT et al (2017) Two NAD-linked redox shuttles maintain the peroxisomal redox balance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 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