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This latter group comprises six occupational subgroups (1) surgeons, (2) surgical assistants, (3) anaesthesiologists (4) anaesthesiology assistants, (5) nurses and (6) janitors. The following parameters were assessed: catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSHpx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, plasma fluoride, serum interferon gamma (IFN-\u03b3), serum interleukin 2 (IL2), serum interleukin 4 (IL4) and plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Anaesthesiologists and their assistants exhibited the highest levels of plasma fluoride, serum IFN-\u03b3 and IL 2, exceeding the levels in detected in all the other occupational subgroups. Furthermore, the serum levels of IL4 were significantly raised in anaesthesiologists and the difference between this group and other groups was statistically significant. However, compared with the other subgroups, surgeons exhibited elevated plasma TBARS and reduced CAT, GSHpx and SOD; these variances were also statistically significant.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion and recommendations<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The findings of this study indicate that operating room staff exposed to WAGs are vulnerable to experiencing immunotoxicity as the WAGs are considered to initiate oxidative stress and increase the levels of cytokines in serum. Thus, an education programme is warranted to inform staff working in environments where they may be subjected to WAGs on the effects that the gases can have upon their health and how to minimise their exposure to WAGs. An ongoing effort is also needed to ensure anaesthesia safety standards are maintained at all times. The findings of this study may provide a springboard for future research into occupational exposure to WAGs and their wider effect upon health.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00420-021-01705-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,6]],"date-time":"2021-05-06T17:02:40Z","timestamp":1620320560000},"page":"1953-1962","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Effect of inhaled anaesthetics gases on cytokines and oxidative stress alterations for the staff health status in hospitals"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"Khaled A.","family":"AL-Rasheedi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdulmajeed A.","family":"Alqasoumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7986-4159","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashraf M.","family":"Emara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"1705_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/5162687","volume":"2019","author":"MA Aldubayan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Aldubayan MA, Elgharabawy RM, Ahmed AS, Tousson E (2019) Antineoplastic activity and curative role of avenanthramides against the growth of ehrlich solid tumors in mice. 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