{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,7]],"date-time":"2025-04-07T04:00:43Z","timestamp":1743998443873,"version":"3.40.3"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]],"date-time":"2025-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742169600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]],"date-time":"2025-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742169600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Research Centre for the Working Environment"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Arch Occup Environ Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Compare home health care (HHC) with self-governing and conventional team structure regarding self-reported low back pain (LBP) and work-related factors.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>A natural experiment was assessed using a cross-sectional design. Primary outcome was LBP intensity; secondary outcomes included LBP duration and work limitations as well as intensity, duration and work limitations of neck\/shoulder pain, stress, productivity, influence at work, meaning at work, sickness absence, interpersonal collaboration, and variation in physical behaviour. Home health care (HHC) workers in the self-governing teams were surveyed about their appraisal of the self-governing structure. Data were collected through a questionnaire, except for physical behaviour, which was obtained via accelerometry. Differences between groups were analyzed using t-tests.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>From 10 HHC-teams across four municipalities, 125 HHC-workers completed the questionnaire (self-governing <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200960; conventional <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200965). LBP intensity was similar among HHC-workers in the two team structures (self-governing\u2009=\u20094.1; conventional\u2009=\u20094.0, 0\u201310 scale). Self-governing teams experienced significantly higher levels of (i) meaning at work (5.8 points, 0-100 scale), (ii) improved collaboration with manager (7.5 points, 0-100 scale) and (iii) improved collaboration with needs assessors (11.9 points, 0-100 scale) compared to conventional teams. No significant differences were found in the other outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The higher scores for self-governing teams in meaning at work, collaboration with manager and collaboration with needs assessors are positive. The lack of a lower report in LBP and neck\/shoulder pain calls for more focused efforts to enhance HHC-workers\u2019 health in addition to the reorganization into the self-governing structure.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00420-025-02134-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]],"date-time":"2025-03-17T06:53:48Z","timestamp":1742194428000},"page":"331-341","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Low back pain and work-related factors among home health care workers with self-governing or conventional team structure \u2013 a natural experiment with a cross-sectional design"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"98","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8400-8349","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathrine Greby","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura Grace","family":"Downs Tuck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anders Bruun","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charlotte Diana N\u00f8rregaard","family":"Rasmussen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2134_CR1","unstructured":"ActiMotus [Computer software], (2024)"},{"key":"2134_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2022.05.004","volume":"82","author":"B Albanesi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Albanesi B, Piredda M, Bravi M, Bressi F, Gualandi R, Marchetti A, Facchinetti G, Ianni A, Cordella F, Zollo L, De Marinis MG (2022) Interventions to prevent and reduce work-related musculoskeletal injuries and pain among healthcare professionals. A comprehensive systematic review of the literature. J Saf Res 82:124\u2013143. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsr.2022.05.004","journal-title":"J Saf Res"},{"key":"2134_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1007\/s00420-011-0709-5","volume":"85","author":"LL Andersen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Andersen LL, Clausen T, Mortensen OS, Burr H, Holtermann A (2012) A prospective cohort study on musculoskeletal risk factors for long-term sickness absence among healthcare workers in eldercare. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 85:615\u2013622. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00420-011-0709-5","journal-title":"Int Arch Occup Environ Health"},{"key":"2134_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2054513","DOI":"10.1080\/17482631.2022.2054513","volume":"17","author":"MF Andersen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Andersen MF, Svendsen PA, Nielsen K, Brinkmann S, Rugulies R, Madsen IEH (2022) Influence at work is a key factor for mental health \u2013 but what do contemporary employees in knowledge and relational work mean by influence at work? Int J Qual Stud Health Well-Being 17:2054513. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17482631.2022.2054513","journal-title":"Int J Qual Stud Health Well-Being"},{"key":"2134_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1244051","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2023.1244051","volume":"14","author":"J Annison","year":"2023","unstructured":"Annison J, Davidson A (2023) Few things in life are easy and worth doing: how the bi-directional relationships between meaningful work and work-related stress can both help and hinder wellbeing. Front Psychol 14:1244051. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2023.1244051","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"2134_CR600","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Borg GAV (1982) Psychophysical bases of perceived exertion. Med Sci Sports Exerc 14:377\u2013381","DOI":"10.1249\/00005768-198205000-00012"},{"key":"2134_CR6","volume-title":"Evaluering Af Pulje Til Faste, Tv\u00e6rfaglige Og Selvstyrende teams i \u00c6ldreplejen","author":"MS Buch","year":"2023","unstructured":"Buch MS, Topholm EH-E (2023) Evaluering Af Pulje Til Faste, Tv\u00e6rfaglige Og Selvstyrende teams i \u00c6ldreplejen. Det Nationale Forsknings- og Analysecenter for Velf\u00e6rd, Copenhagen"},{"key":"2134_CR7","unstructured":"Buck MS, Topholm EH, Christensen J (2024) Faste, Tv\u00e6rfaglige Og Selvstyrende teams i \u00e6ldreplejen \u2013 erfaringer Fra 25 kommuner evaluering Af socialstyrelsens Pulje Til Faste teams. Det Nationale Forsknings- og Analysecenter for Velf\u00e6rd"},{"key":"2134_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.53.1.58","volume":"53","author":"A Burdorf","year":"1996","unstructured":"Burdorf A, Post W, Bruggeling T (1996) Reliability of a questionnaire on sickness absence with specific attention to absence due to back pain and respiratory complaints. Occup Environ Med 53:58\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/oem.53.1.58","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"2134_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.3793","volume":"45","author":"T Clausen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Clausen T, Madsen IE, Christensen KB, Bjorner JB, Poulsen OM, Maltesen T, Borg V, Rugulies R (2019) The Danish psychosocial work environment questionnaire (DPQ): development, content, reliability and validity. Scand J Work Environ Health 45:356\u2013369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5271\/sjweh.3793","journal-title":"Scand J Work Environ Health"},{"key":"2134_CR10","unstructured":"COPSOQ II The scales of the SHORT COPSOQ II questionnaire (2007) The National Research Centre for the Working Environment. Available from: https:\/\/nfa.dk\/media\/mfofbzqv\/13_scales-of-the-short-copsoq-ii-questionnaire.pdf"},{"key":"2134_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1182","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2011-200375","volume":"66","author":"P Craig","year":"2012","unstructured":"Craig P, Cooper C, Gunnell D, Haw S, Lawson K, Macintyre S, Ogilvie D, Petticrew M, Reeves B, Sutton M, Thompson S (2012) Using natural experiments to evaluate population health interventions: new medical research Council guidance. J Epidemiol Community Health 66:1182\u20131186. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jech-2011-200375","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"key":"2134_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e070872","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2022-070872","volume":"379","author":"P Craig","year":"2022","unstructured":"Craig P, Campbell M, Bauman A, Deidda M, Dundas R, Fitzgerald N, Green J, Katikireddi SV, Lewsey J, Ogilvie D, de Vocht F, White M (2022) Making better use of natural experimental evaluation in population health. BMJ 379:e070872. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj-2022-070872","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2134_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.3233\/WOR-2012-1433","volume":"42","author":"LR Czuba","year":"2012","unstructured":"Czuba LR, Sommerich CM, Lavender SA (2012) Ergonomic and safety risk factors in home health care: exploration and assessment of alternative interventions. Work Read Mass 42:341\u2013353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/WOR-2012-1433","journal-title":"Work Read Mass"},{"key":"2134_CR14","unstructured":"Danish Agency for Labour Marked and Recruitment (2023) Rekrutteringssurvey: Rapport, september 2023."},{"key":"2134_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-6773.2010.01112.x","volume":"45","author":"L Delp","year":"2010","unstructured":"Delp L, Wallace SP, Geiger-Brown J, Muntaner C (2010) Job stress and job satisfaction: home care workers in a consumer-directed model of care. Health Serv Res 45:922\u2013940. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1475-6773.2010.01112.x","journal-title":"Health Serv Res"},{"key":"2134_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.3510","volume":"41","author":"A Eskildsen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Eskildsen A, Dalgaard VL, Nielsen KJ, Andersen JH, Zachariae R, Olsen LR, J\u00f8rgensen A, Christiansen DH (2015) Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Danish consensus version of the 10-item perceived stress scale. Scand J Work Environ Health 41:486\u2013490. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5271\/sjweh.3510","journal-title":"Scand J Work Environ Health"},{"key":"2134_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2020014","DOI":"10.23750\/abm.v91i12-S.10918","volume":"91","author":"C Fo\u00e0","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fo\u00e0 C, Guarnieri MC, Bastoni G, Benini B, Giunti OM, Mazzotti M, Rossi C, Savoia A, Sarli L, Artioli G (2020) Job satisfaction, work engagement and stress\/burnout of elderly care staff: a qualitative research: job satisfaction, work engagement and stress\/burnout of elderly care staff. Acta Bio Med Atenei Parm 91:e2020014. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23750\/abm.v91i12-S.10918","journal-title":"Acta Bio Med Atenei Parm"},{"key":"2134_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1007\/s00420-015-1094-2","volume":"89","author":"A Freiberg","year":"2016","unstructured":"Freiberg A, Euler U, Girbig M, Nienhaus A, Freitag S, Seidler A (2016) Does the use of small aids during patient handling activities lead to a decreased occurrence of musculoskeletal complaints and diseases? A systematic review. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 89:547\u2013559. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00420-015-1094-2","journal-title":"Int Arch Occup Environ Health"},{"key":"2134_CR19","unstructured":"GDPR.EU, (2021) General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Compliance Guidelines [WWW Document]. GDPR.eu. URL https:\/\/gdpr.eu\/ (accessed 12.14.23)"},{"key":"2134_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1080\/01621424.2021.1921650","volume":"40","author":"SG Grasmo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Grasmo SG, Frostad Liaset I, Redzovic SE (2021) Home health aides\u2019 experiences of their occupational health: a qualitative meta-synthesis. Home Health Care Serv Q 40:148\u2013176. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01621424.2021.1921650","journal-title":"Home Health Care Serv Q"},{"key":"2134_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100061","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2022.100061","volume":"4","author":"A Heged\u00fcs","year":"2022","unstructured":"Heged\u00fcs A, Sch\u00fcrch A, Bischofberger I (2022) Implementing Buurtzorg-derived models in the home care setting: a scoping review. Int J Nurs Stud Adv 4:100061. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2022.100061","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Stud Adv"},{"key":"2134_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.3754","volume":"45","author":"A Holtermann","year":"2019","unstructured":"Holtermann A, Mathiassen SE, Straker L (2019) Promoting health and physical capacity during productive work: the goldilocks principle. Scand J Work Environ Health 45:90\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5271\/sjweh.3754","journal-title":"Scand J Work Environ Health"},{"key":"2134_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1258\/hsmr.2011.011015","volume":"25","author":"A Hussain","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hussain A, Rivers PA, Glover SH, Fottler MD (2012) Strategies for dealing with future shortages in the nursing workforce: a review. Health Serv Manage Res 25:41\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1258\/hsmr.2011.011015","journal-title":"Health Serv Manage Res"},{"key":"2134_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.3233\/WOR-213647","volume":"71","author":"MD Jakobsen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jakobsen MD, Vinstrup J, Andersen LL (2022) Factors associated with high physical exertion during healthcare work: Cross-sectional study among healthcare workers. Work Read Mass 71:881\u2013888. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/WOR-213647","journal-title":"Work Read Mass"},{"key":"2134_CR25","volume-title":"Sundhedstilstanden Blandt FOA-medlemmer 2017\u2013 og Udviklingen Siden 2010","author":"HAR Jensen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jensen HAR, Johannesen CK, Alles\u00f8e K, Davidsen M (2019) Sundhedstilstanden Blandt FOA-medlemmer 2017 \u2013 og Udviklingen Siden 2010. SDU, Copenhagen"},{"key":"2134_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1097\/01.jom.0000052967.43131.51","volume":"45","author":"RC Kessler","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kessler RC, Barber C, Beck A, Berglund P, Cleary PD, McKenas D, Pronk N, Simon G, Stang P, Ustun TB, Wang P (2003) The world health organization health and work performance questionnaire (HPQ). J Occup Environ Med 45:156\u2013174. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.jom.0000052967.43131.51","journal-title":"J Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"2134_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1177\/1403494817717833","volume":"46","author":"M Korsh\u00f8j","year":"2018","unstructured":"Korsh\u00f8j M, Birk J\u00f8rgensen M, Lidegaard M, Mortensen OS, Krustrup P, Holtermann A, S\u00f8gaard K (2018) Decrease in musculoskeletal pain after 4 and 12 months of an aerobic exercise intervention: a worksite RCT among cleaners. Scand J Public Health 46:846\u2013853. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1403494817717833","journal-title":"Scand J Public Health"},{"key":"2134_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-6870(87)90010-x","volume":"18","author":"I Kuorinka","year":"1987","unstructured":"Kuorinka I, Jonsson B, Kilbom A, Vinterberg H, Biering-S\u00f8rensen F, Andersson G, J\u00f8rgensen K (1987) Standardised nordic questionnaires for the analysis of musculoskeletal symptoms. Appl Ergon 18:233\u2013237. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0003-6870(87)90010-x","journal-title":"Appl Ergon"},{"key":"2134_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1080\/13645579.2018.1488449","volume":"22","author":"ST Leatherdale","year":"2019","unstructured":"Leatherdale ST (2019) Natural experiment methodology for research: a review of how different methods can support real-world research. Int J Soc Res Methodol 22:19\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13645579.2018.1488449","journal-title":"Int J Soc Res Methodol"},{"key":"2134_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1016656225318","volume":"11","author":"SJ Linton","year":"2001","unstructured":"Linton SJ (2001) Occupational psychological factors increase the risk for back pain: a systematic review. J Occup Rehabil 11:53\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/A:1016656225318","journal-title":"J Occup Rehabil"},{"key":"2134_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-024-12133-2","volume":"25","author":"FK Lohne","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lohne FK, Fimland MS, Palarea-Albaladejo J, Mathiassen SE, Holtermann A, Redzovic S (2025) Can home care work be organized to promote musculoskeletal health for workers? Results from the GoldiCare cluster randomized controlled trial. BMC Health Serv Res 25:41. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12913-024-12133-2","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"key":"2134_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1007\/s00420-018-1377-5","volume":"92","author":"SL Merkus","year":"2019","unstructured":"Merkus SL, Lunde L-K, Koch M, W\u00e6rsted M, Knardahl S, Veiersted KB (2019) Physical capacity, occupational physical demands, and relative physical strain of older employees in construction and healthcare. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 92:295\u2013307. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00420-018-1377-5","journal-title":"Int Arch Occup Environ Health"},{"key":"2134_CR33","unstructured":"OECD (2020) Who Cares? Attracting and Retaining Care Workers for the Elderly. Available from: https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/en\/publications\/who-cares-attracting-and-retaining-elderly-care-workers_92c0ef68-en.html"},{"key":"2134_CR34","unstructured":"Ramb\u00f8ll (2018) Unders\u00f8gelse - K\u00f8retider i Hjemmeplejen [English: Travel Times in Home Care] [WWW Document]. URL https:\/\/sum.dk\/Media\/3\/3\/Rapport_Koeretider_i_hjemmeplejen_PDF.pdf"},{"key":"2134_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2990","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16162990","volume":"16","author":"CDN Rasmussen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rasmussen CDN, Karstad K, S\u00f8gaard K, Rugulies R, Burdorf A, Holtermann A (2019) Patterns in the occurrence and duration of musculoskeletal pain and interference with work among eldercare workers-A One-Year longitudinal study with measurements every four weeks. Int J Environ Res Public Health 16:2990. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph16162990","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"2134_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1002\/hfm.20648","volume":"26","author":"M Sasser","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sasser M, S\u00f8rensen OH (2016) Doing a good job\u2014the effect of primary task quality on Well-Being and job satisfaction. Hum Factors Ergon Manuf Serv Ind 26:323\u2013336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hfm.20648","journal-title":"Hum Factors Ergon Manuf Serv Ind"},{"key":"2134_CR37","unstructured":"Schou IA (2022) Svensk model for hjemmepleje med ultra sm\u00e5 teams v\u00e6kker interesse [WWW Document]. URL https:\/\/vpt.dk\/sundhed\/svensk-model-hjemmepleje-med-ultra-smaa-teams-vaekker-interesse"},{"key":"2134_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1007\/s41542-019-00041-5","volume":"3","author":"NK Semmer","year":"2019","unstructured":"Semmer NK, Tschan F, Jacobshagen N, Beehr TA, Elfering A, K\u00e4lin W, Meier LL (2019) Stress as offense to self: a promising approach comes of age. Occup Health Sci 3:205\u2013238. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s41542-019-00041-5","journal-title":"Occup Health Sci"},{"key":"2134_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1123\/jpah.2011-0347","volume":"11","author":"J Skotte","year":"2014","unstructured":"Skotte J, Korsh\u00f8j M, Kristiansen J, Hanisch C, Holtermann A (2014) Detection of physical activity types using triaxial accelerometers. J Phys Act Health 11:76\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1123\/jpah.2011-0347","journal-title":"J Phys Act Health"},{"key":"2134_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2334","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16132334","volume":"16","author":"ML Stevens","year":"2019","unstructured":"Stevens ML, Crowley P, Garde AH, Mortensen OS, Nyg\u00e5rd C-H, Holtermann A (2019) Validation of a Short-Form version of the Danish need for recovery scale against the full scale. Int J Environ Res Public Health 16:2334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph16132334","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"2134_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1007\/s00420-022-01850-y","volume":"95","author":"ML Stevens","year":"2022","unstructured":"Stevens ML, Karstad K, Mathiassen SE, Januario LB, Rugulies R, Hallman DM, Holtermann A (2022) Associations between perceived quantitative work demands at different organisational levels and pain and sickness absence in eldercare workers: a multi-level longitudinal analysis. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 95:993\u20131001. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00420-022-01850-y","journal-title":"Int Arch Occup Environ Health"},{"key":"2134_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2017-097765","volume":"52","author":"L Straker","year":"2018","unstructured":"Straker L, Mathiassen SE, Holtermann A (2018) The goldilocks principle: designing physical activity at work to be just right for promoting health. Br J Sports Med 52:818\u2013819. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjsports-2017-097765","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"2134_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1093\/annweh\/wxac052","volume":"66","author":"SO Tj\u00f8svoll","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tj\u00f8svoll SO, Wiggen \u00d8, Gonzalez V, Seeberg TM, Elez Redzovic S, Frostad Liaset I, Holtermann A, Steiro Fimland M (2022) Assessment of physical work demands of home care workers in Norway: an observational study using wearable sensor technology. Ann Work Expo Health 66:1187\u20131198. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/annweh\/wxac052","journal-title":"Ann Work Expo Health"},{"key":"2134_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1159\/000376585","volume":"84","author":"CW Topp","year":"2015","unstructured":"Topp CW, \u00d8stergaard SD, S\u00f8ndergaard S, Bech P (2015) The WHO-5 Well-Being index: A systematic review of the literature. Psychother Psychosom 84:167\u2013176. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000376585","journal-title":"Psychother Psychosom"},{"key":"2134_CR45","unstructured":"Vilhelmsen, M., Ludvigsen T, Thomassen K, Rasmussen CDN, Submitted Reorganization of work schedules for better distribution of work demands in home health care \u2013 an acceptability and feasibility study"},{"key":"2134_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2020.00297","volume":"8","author":"J Vinstrup","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vinstrup J, Jakobsen MD, Andersen LL (2020) Perceived stress and Low-Back pain among healthcare workers: A Multi-Center prospective cohort study. Front Public Health 8:297. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2020.00297","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"2134_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.4207","author":"CT Wester","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wester CT, Kyriakidis S, Frost AD, Rasmussen CDN, Holtermann A, Hallman DM (2025) Organizational strategies of eldercare work and health \u2013 Is the daily number of residents cared for over 14 months associated with back pain? Scand. J Work Environ Health. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5271\/sjweh.4207","journal-title":"J Work Environ Health"},{"key":"2134_CR48","unstructured":"Wester CT, Kyriakidis S, Frost AD, Rasmussen CDN, Holtermann A, Hallman DM Submitted. Organizational strategies of eldercare work and health \u2013 Is daily number of residents cared for between workers or between periods of the year associated with back pain?"},{"key":"2134_CR49","unstructured":"Ylit\u00f6rm\u00e4nen T (2021) Nurse-nurse collaboration and job satisfaction. a mixed method study of Finnish and Norwegian nurses\u2019 perceptions"},{"key":"2134_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zolak Polja\u0161evi\u0107 B, Do\u0161enovi\u0107 D, Todorovi\u0107 M (2021) Interpersonal relationship as a factor of job satisafaction. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7251\/STED2101021Z. STED J. 3","DOI":"10.7251\/STED2101021Z"}],"container-title":["International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00420-025-02134-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00420-025-02134-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00420-025-02134-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,6]],"date-time":"2025-04-06T03:03:23Z","timestamp":1743908603000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00420-025-02134-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}},"alternative-id":["2134"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00420-025-02134-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0340-0131","1432-1246"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0340-0131"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1432-1246"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 October 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 February 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 March 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data, or in the writing of the manuscript.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}