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Thus, we investigated the hepcidin response to running during three different menstrual cycle phases.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Twenty-one endurance-trained eumenorrheic women performed three identical interval running protocols during the early-follicular phase (EFP), late-follicular phase (LFP), and mid-luteal phase (MLP). The protocol consisted of 8\u2009\u00d7\u20093\u00a0min bouts at 85% of the maximal aerobic speed, with 90-s recovery. Blood samples were collected pre-exercise and at 0\u00a0h, 3\u00a0h and 24\u00a0h post-exercise.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Data presented as mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009SD. Ferritin were lower in the EFP than the LFP (34.82\u2009\u00b1\u200916.44 vs 40.90\u2009\u00b1\u200923.91\u00a0ng\/ml, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003), while iron and transferrin saturation were lower during the EFP (58.04\u2009\u00b1\u200919.70\u00a0\u00b5g\/dl, 14.71\u2009\u00b1\u20095.47%) compared to the LFP (88.67\u2009\u00b1\u200936.38\u00a0\u00b5g\/dl, 22.22\u2009\u00b1\u20099.54%; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and the MLP (80.20\u2009\u00b1\u200942.05\u00a0\u00b5g\/dl, 19.87\u2009\u00b1\u200910.37%; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.024 and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.045, respectively). Hepcidin was not affected by menstrual cycle (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.052) or menstrual cycle*time interaction (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.075). However, when comparing hepcidin at 3\u00a0h post-exercise, a moderate and meaningful effect size showed that hepcidin was higher in the LFP compared to the EFP (3.01\u2009\u00b1\u20094.16 vs 1.26\u2009\u00b1\u20091.25 nMol\/l; <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.57, CI\u2009=\u20090.07\u20131.08). No effect of time on hepcidin during the EFP was found either (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.426).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The decrease in iron, ferritin and TSAT levels during the EFP may mislead the determination of iron status in eumenorrheic athletes. However, although the hepcidin response to exercise appears to be reduced in the EFP, it shows no clear differences between the phases of the menstrual cycle (clinicaltrials.gov: NCT04458662).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-022-05048-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,21]],"date-time":"2022-09-21T08:03:23Z","timestamp":1663747403000},"page":"2683-2694","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Menstrual cycle affects iron homeostasis and hepcidin following interval running exercise in endurance-trained women"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"122","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"nct04458662","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"}],"author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0456-1222","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"V\u00edctor M.","family":"Alfaro-Magallanes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Barba-Moreno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9754-5565","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nuria","family":"Romero-Parra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9331-4564","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beatriz","family":"Rael","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1631-8182","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro J.","family":"Benito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dorine W.","family":"Swinkels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Coby M.","family":"Laarakkers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6215-0093","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c1ngel E.","family":"D\u00edaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4871-8682","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana B.","family":"Peinado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"the IronFEMME Study Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"5048_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.13894","volume":"31","author":"VM Alfaro-Magallanes","year":"2021","unstructured":"Alfaro-Magallanes VM, Barba-Moreno L, Rael B et al (2021) Hepcidin response to interval running exercise is not affected by oral contraceptive phase in endurance-trained women. 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