{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T15:22:38Z","timestamp":1786980158626,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,16]],"date-time":"2023-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673827200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,16]],"date-time":"2023-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673827200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007263","name":"Astellas Foundation for Research on Metabolic Disorders","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007263","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"University of Innsbruck and Medical University of Innsbruck"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Appl Physiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Resistance training (RT) is an effective countermeasure to combat physical deconditioning whereby localized hypoxia within the limb increases metabolic stress eliciting muscle adaptation. The current study sought to examine the influence of gravity on muscle oxygenation (SmO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) alongside vascular hemodynamic responses.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In twelve young healthy adults, an ischemic occlusion test and seven minutes of low-intensity rhythmic plantarflexion exercise were used alongside superficial femoral blood flow and calf near-infrared spectroscopy to assess the microvascular vasodilator response, conduit artery flow-mediated dilation, exercise-induced hyperemia, and SmO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      with the leg positioned above or below the heart in a randomized order.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The microvascular vasodilator response, assessed by peak blood flow (798\u2009\u00b1\u2009231\u00a0mL\/min vs. 1348\u2009\u00b1\u2009290\u00a0mL\/min;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and reperfusion slope 10\u00a0s of SmO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      after cuff deflation (0.75\u2009\u00b1\u20090.45%.s-1 vs.2.40\u2009\u00b1\u20090.94%.s-1;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), was attenuated with the leg above the heart. This caused a blunted dilatation of the superficial femoral artery (3.0\u2009\u00b1\u20092.4% vs. 5.2\u2009\u00b1\u20092.1%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.008). Meanwhile, blood flow area under the curve was comparable (above the heart: 445\u2009\u00b1\u2009147\u00a0mL vs. below the heart: 474\u2009\u00b1\u2009118\u00a0mL;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.55) in both leg positions. During rhythmic exercise, the increase in femoral blood flow was lower in the leg up position (above the heart: 201\u2009\u00b1\u200994% vs. below the heart: 292\u2009\u00b1\u2009114%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001) and contributed to a lower SmO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      (above the heart: 41\u2009\u00b1\u200918% vs. below the heart 67\u2009\u00b1\u20095%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Positioning the leg above the heart results in attenuated peak vascular dilator response and exercise-induced hyperemia that coincided with a lower SmO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      during low-intensity plantarflexion exercise.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-022-05117-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,16]],"date-time":"2023-01-16T01:02:53Z","timestamp":1673830973000},"page":"1091-1099","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The impact of leg position on muscle blood flow and oxygenation during low-intensity rhythmic plantarflexion exercise"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"123","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4594-0827","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyohei","family":"Marume","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hendrik","family":"Mugele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryo","family":"Ueno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sachin B.","family":"Amin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heru Syarli","family":"Lesmana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Possnig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander B.","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lydia L.","family":"Simpson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin S.","family":"Lawley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"5117_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2829","DOI":"10.1002\/cphy.c110066","volume":"2","author":"GR Adams","year":"2012","unstructured":"Adams GR, Bamman MM (2012) Characterization and regulation of mechanical loading-induced compensatory muscle hypertrophy. Compr Physiol 2(4):2829\u20132870. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cphy.c110066","journal-title":"Compr Physiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5117_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00291.2020","volume":"130","author":"SB Amin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Amin SB, Hansen AB, Mugele H, Willmer F, Gross F, Reimeir B, Cornwell WK, Simpson LL, Moore JP, Romero SA, Lawley JS (2021a) Whole body passive heating versus dynamic lower body exercise: a comparison of peripheral hemodynamic profiles. J Appl Physiol (bethesda, Md\u202f: 1985) 130(1):160\u2013171. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/japplphysiol.00291.2020","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol (bethesda, Md : 1985)"},{"issue":"19","key":"5117_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e15051","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.15051","volume":"9","author":"SB Amin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Amin SB, Mugele H, Dobler FE, Marume K, Moore JP, Lawley JS (2021b) Intra-rater reliability of leg blood flow during dynamic exercise using Doppler ultrasound. Physiol Rep 9(19):e15051. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14814\/phy2.15051","journal-title":"Physiol Rep"},{"issue":"11","key":"5117_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1462","DOI":"10.1097\/00005768-199711000-00012","volume":"29","author":"MM Bamman","year":"1997","unstructured":"Bamman MM, Hunter GR, Stevens BR, Guilliams ME, Greenisen MC (1997) Resistance exercise prevents plantar flexor deconditioning during bed rest. Med Sci Sports Exerc 29(11):1462\u20131468. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00005768-199711000-00012","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"5117_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0954-6820.1962.tb07124.x","volume":"172","author":"S Bevegard","year":"1962","unstructured":"Bevegard S, Lodin A (1962) Postural circulatory changes at rest and during exercise in five patients with congenital absence of valves in the deep veins of the legs. Acta Med Scand 172:21\u201329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.0954-6820.1962.tb07124.x","journal-title":"Acta Med Scand"},{"issue":"4","key":"5117_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00118.2005","volume":"99","author":"MW Bleeker","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bleeker MW, De Groot PC, Rongen GA, Rittweger J, Felsenberg D, Smits P, Hopman MT (2005) Vascular adaptation to deconditioning and the effect of an exercise countermeasure: results of the Berlin Bed Rest study. J Appl Physiol (bethesda, Md: 1985) 99(4):1293\u20131300. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/japplphysiol.00118.2005","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol (bethesda, Md: 1985)"},{"issue":"4","key":"5117_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00819.2015","volume":"121","author":"CL Coolbaugh","year":"2016","unstructured":"Coolbaugh CL, Bush EC, Caskey CF, Damon BM, Towse TF (2016) FloWaveUS: validated, open-source, and flexible software for ultrasound blood flow analysis. J Appl Physiol (bethesda, Md: 1985) 121(4):849\u2013857. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/japplphysiol.00819.2015","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol (bethesda, Md: 1985)"},{"issue":"1955","key":"5117_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4577","DOI":"10.1098\/rsta.2011.0230","volume":"369","author":"M Ferrari","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ferrari M, Muthalib M, Quaresima V (2011) The use of near-infrared spectroscopy in understanding skeletal muscle physiology: recent developments. Philos Transact A Math Phys Eng Sci 369(1955):4577\u20134590. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/rsta.2011.0230","journal-title":"Philos Transact A Math Phys Eng Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"5117_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1210\/edrv-17-5-481","volume":"17","author":"JR Florini","year":"1996","unstructured":"Florini JR, Ewton DZ, Coolican SA (1996) Growth hormone and the insulin-like growth factor system in myogenesis. Endocr Rev 17(5):481\u2013517. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/edrv-17-5-481","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"5117_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1970.tb04770.x","volume":"80","author":"B Folkow","year":"1970","unstructured":"Folkow B, Gaskell P, Waaler BA (1970) Blood flow through limb muscles during heavy rhythmic exercise. Acta Physiol Scand 80(1):61\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1970.tb04770.x","journal-title":"Acta Physiol Scand"},{"issue":"2","key":"5117_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1994.76.2.821","volume":"76","author":"SE Gordon","year":"1994","unstructured":"Gordon SE, Kraemer WJ, Vos NH, Lynch JM, Knuttgen HG (1994) Effect of acid-base balance on the growth hormone response to acute high-intensity cycle exercise. J Appl Physiol (bethesda, Md: 1985) 76(2):821\u2013829. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/jappl.1994.76.2.821","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol (bethesda, Md: 1985)"},{"issue":"6","key":"5117_CR12","first-page":"955","volume":"37","author":"K Goto","year":"2005","unstructured":"Goto K, Ishii N, Kizuka T, Takamatsu K (2005) The impact of metabolic stress on hormonal responses and muscular adaptations. Med Sci Sports Exerc 37(6):955\u2013963","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"issue":"1","key":"5117_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"H192","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00208.2020","volume":"319","author":"AB Hansen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hansen AB, Moralez G, Romero SA, Gasho C, Tymko MM, Ainslie PN, Hofst\u00e4tter F, Rainer SL, Lawley JS, Hearon CM Jr (2020) Mechanisms of sympathetic restraint in human skeletal muscle during exercise: role of \u03b1-adrenergic and nonadrenergic mechanisms. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 319(1):H192-h202. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpheart.00208.2020","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"5117_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1161\/hypertensionaha.110.150821","volume":"55","author":"RA Harris","year":"2010","unstructured":"Harris RA, Nishiyama SK, Wray DW, Richardson RS (2010) Ultrasound assessment of flow-mediated dilation. Hypertension (dallas, Tex: 1979) 55(5):1075\u20131085. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/hypertensionaha.110.150821","journal-title":"Hypertension (dallas, Tex: 1979)"},{"issue":"1","key":"5117_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1249\/mss.0000000000001405","volume":"50","author":"E Iwamoto","year":"2018","unstructured":"Iwamoto E, Bock JM, Casey DP (2018) High-intensity exercise enhances conduit artery vascular function in older adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc 50(1):124\u2013130. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1249\/mss.0000000000001405","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"issue":"5","key":"5117_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1123\/jsr.2018-0416","volume":"29","author":"B Killinger","year":"2020","unstructured":"Killinger B, Lauver JD, Donovan L, Goetschius J (2020) The effects of blood flow restriction on muscle activation and hypoxia in individuals with chronic ankle instability. J Sport Rehabil 29(5):633\u2013639. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1123\/jsr.2018-0416","journal-title":"J Sport Rehabil"},{"issue":"7","key":"5117_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e3181ce61a5","volume":"42","author":"M Kon","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kon M, Ikeda T, Homma T, Akimoto T, Suzuki Y, Kawahara T (2010) Effects of acute hypoxia on metabolic and hormonal responses to resistance exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc 42(7):1279\u20131285. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1249\/MSS.0b013e3181ce61a5","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"issue":"8","key":"5117_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-011-0335-7","volume":"15","author":"C Lafont","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lafont C, G\u00e9rard S, Voisin T, Pahor M, Vellas B (2011) Reducing \u201ciatrogenic disability\u201d in the hospitalized frail elderly. J Nutr Health Aging 15(8):645\u2013660. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12603-011-0335-7","journal-title":"J Nutr Health Aging"},{"issue":"1","key":"5117_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00829.2002","volume":"94","author":"MH Laughlin","year":"2003","unstructured":"Laughlin MH, Joyner M (2003) Closer to the edge? Contractions, pressures, waterfalls and blood flow to contracting skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol (bethesda, Md: 1985) 94(1):3\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/japplphysiol.00829.2002","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol (bethesda, Md: 1985)"},{"issue":"5","key":"5117_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2172","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1992.73.5.2172","volume":"73","author":"AD LeBlanc","year":"1992","unstructured":"LeBlanc AD, Schneider VS, Evans HJ, Pientok C, Rowe R, Spector E (1992) Regional changes in muscle mass following 17 weeks of bed rest. J Appl Physiol (bethesda, Md: 1985) 73(5):2172\u20132178. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/jappl.1992.73.5.2172","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol (bethesda, Md: 1985)"},{"issue":"3","key":"5117_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1268472","volume":"32","author":"JP Loenneke","year":"2011","unstructured":"Loenneke JP, Balapur A, Thrower AD, Barnes JT, Pujol TJ (2011) The perceptual responses to occluded exercise. Int J Sports Med 32(3):181\u2013184. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0030-1268472","journal-title":"Int J Sports Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"5117_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-017-0863-z","volume":"30","author":"P Lopez","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lopez P, Pinto RS, Radaelli R, Rech A, Grazioli R, Izquierdo M, Cadore EL (2018) Benefits of resistance training in physically frail elderly: a systematic review. Aging Clin Exp Res 30(8):889\u2013899. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40520-017-0863-z","journal-title":"Aging Clin Exp Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"5117_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2012.08.009","volume":"16","author":"A Manimmanakorn","year":"2013","unstructured":"Manimmanakorn A, Hamlin MJ, Ross JJ, Taylor R, Manimmanakorn N (2013) Effects of low-load resistance training combined with blood flow restriction or hypoxia on muscle function and performance in netball athletes. J Sci Med Sport 16(4):337\u2013342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsams.2012.08.009","journal-title":"J Sci Med Sport"},{"key":"5117_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1932.100.2.407","volume":"100","author":"EGWE Martin","year":"1932","unstructured":"Martin EGWE, Miller M (1932) Capillary counts in resting and active muscle. Am J Physiol 100:407\u2013416","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5117_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1139\/h99-009","volume":"24","author":"GE McCall","year":"1999","unstructured":"McCall GE, Byrnes WC, Fleck SJ, Dickinson A, Kraemer WJ (1999) Acute and chronic hormonal responses to resistance training designed to promote muscle hypertrophy. Can J Appl Physiol 24(1):96\u2013107. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1139\/h99-009","journal-title":"Can J Appl Physiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"5117_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-008-0965-6","volume":"105","author":"IH N\u00e5dland","year":"2009","unstructured":"N\u00e5dland IH, Wall\u00f8e L, Toska K (2009) Effect of the leg muscle pump on the rise in muscle perfusion during muscle work in humans. Eur J Appl Physiol 105(6):829\u2013841. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00421-008-0965-6","journal-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5117_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1080\/00016470310013680","volume":"74","author":"H Ohta","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ohta H, Kurosawa H, Ikeda H, Iwase Y, Satou N, Nakamura S (2003) Low-load resistance muscular training with moderate restriction of blood flow after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Acta Orthop Scand 74(1):62\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00016470310013680","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"issue":"2","key":"5117_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-014-0264-9","volume":"45","author":"SJ Pearson","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pearson SJ, Hussain SR (2015) A review on the mechanisms of blood-flow restriction resistance training-induced muscle hypertrophy. Sports Med (auckland, NZ) 45(2):187\u2013200. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40279-014-0264-9","journal-title":"Sports Med (auckland, NZ)"},{"issue":"9","key":"5117_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1949.1.9.649","volume":"1","author":"AA Pollack","year":"1949","unstructured":"Pollack AA, Wood EH (1949) Venous pressure in the saphenous vein at the ankle in man during exercise and changes in posture. J Appl Physiol 1(9):649\u2013662. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/jappl.1949.1.9.649","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"5117_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.206920","author":"V Prystopiuk","year":"2018","unstructured":"Prystopiuk V, Fels B, Simon CS, Liashkovich I, Pasrednik D, Kronlage C, Wedlich-S\u00f6ldner R, Oberleithner H, Fels J (2018) A two-phase response of endothelial cells to hydrostatic pressure. J Cell Sci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/jcs.206920","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"issue":"Pt 2","key":"5117_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2005.089755","volume":"568","author":"KE Pyke","year":"2005","unstructured":"Pyke KE, Tschakovsky ME (2005) The relationship between shear stress and flow-mediated dilatation: implications for the assessment of endothelial function. J Physiol 568(Pt 2):357\u2013369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1113\/jphysiol.2005.089755","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5117_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"H119","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00571.2009","volume":"298","author":"K Pyke","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pyke K, Green DJ, Weisbrod C, Best M, Dembo L, O\u2019Driscoll G, Tschakovsky M (2010) Nitric oxide is not obligatory for radial artery flow-mediated dilation following release of 5 or 10 min distal occlusion. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 298(1):H119-126. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpheart.00571.2009","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5117_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1974.54.1.75","volume":"54","author":"LB Rowell","year":"1974","unstructured":"Rowell LB (1974) Human cardiovascular adjustments to exercise and thermal stress. Physiol Rev 54(1):75\u2013159. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/physrev.1974.54.1.75","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"issue":"10","key":"5117_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2857","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e3181e840f3","volume":"24","author":"BJ Schoenfeld","year":"2010","unstructured":"Schoenfeld BJ (2010) The mechanisms of muscle hypertrophy and their application to resistance training. J Strength Cond Res 24(10):2857\u20132872. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1519\/JSC.0b013e3181e840f3","journal-title":"J Strength Cond Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"5117_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-013-0017-1","volume":"43","author":"BJ Schoenfeld","year":"2013","unstructured":"Schoenfeld BJ (2013) Potential mechanisms for a role of metabolic stress in hypertrophic adaptations to resistance training. Sports Med (auckland, NZ) 43(3):179\u2013194. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40279-013-0017-1","journal-title":"Sports Med (auckland, NZ)"},{"issue":"8","key":"5117_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-014-0177-7","volume":"44","author":"BR Scott","year":"2014","unstructured":"Scott BR, Slattery KM, Sculley DV, Dascombe BJ (2014) Hypoxia and resistance exercise: a comparison of localized and systemic methods. Sports Med (auckland, NZ) 44(8):1037\u20131054. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40279-014-0177-7","journal-title":"Sports Med (auckland, NZ)"},{"key":"5117_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2019.103922","volume":"127","author":"RN Soares","year":"2020","unstructured":"Soares RN, de Oliveira GV, Alvares TS, Murias JM (2020) The effects of the analysis strategy on the correlation between the NIRS reperfusion measures and the FMD response. Microvasc Res 127:103922. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mvr.2019.103922","journal-title":"Microvasc Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"5117_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2007.09.009","volume":"12","author":"T Sumide","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sumide T, Sakuraba K, Sawaki K, Ohmura H, Tamura Y (2009) Effect of resistance exercise training combined with relatively low vascular occlusion. J Sci Med Sport 12(1):107\u2013112. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsams.2007.09.009","journal-title":"J Sci Med Sport"},{"issue":"5\u20136","key":"5117_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-003-1024-y","volume":"91","author":"M Tachi","year":"2004","unstructured":"Tachi M, Kouzaki M, Kanehisa H, Fukunaga T (2004) The influence of circulatory difference on muscle oxygenation and fatigue during intermittent static dorsiflexion. Eur J Appl Physiol 91(5\u20136):682\u2013688. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00421-003-1024-y","journal-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"5117_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-001-0561-5","volume":"86","author":"Y Takarada","year":"2002","unstructured":"Takarada Y, Sato Y, Ishii N (2002) Effects of resistance exercise combined with vascular occlusion on muscle function in athletes. Eur J Appl Physiol 86(4):308\u2013314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00421-001-0561-5","journal-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"5117_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.2170\/jjphysiol.54.585","volume":"54","author":"Y Takarada","year":"2004","unstructured":"Takarada Y, Tsuruta T, Ishii N (2004) Cooperative effects of exercise and occlusive stimuli on muscular function in low-intensity resistance exercise with moderate vascular occlusion. Jpn J Physiol 54(6):585\u2013592. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2170\/jjphysiol.54.585","journal-title":"Jpn J Physiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5117_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"H2","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00471.2010","volume":"300","author":"DH Thijssen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Thijssen DH, Black MA, Pyke KE, Padilla J, Atkinson G, Harris RA, Parker B, Widlansky ME, Tschakovsky ME, Green DJ (2011) Assessment of flow-mediated dilation in humans: a methodological and physiological guideline. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 300(1):H2-12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpheart.00471.2010","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol"},{"issue":"4 Pt 2","key":"5117_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"H1697","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.1996.271.4.H1697","volume":"271","author":"ME Tschakovsky","year":"1996","unstructured":"Tschakovsky ME, Shoemaker JK, Hughson RL (1996) Vasodilation and muscle pump contribution to immediate exercise hyperemia. Am J Physiol 271(4 Pt 2):H1697-1701. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpheart.1996.271.4.H1697","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"5117_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1519\/r-16884.1","volume":"20","author":"M Wernbom","year":"2006","unstructured":"Wernbom M, Augustsson J, Thome\u00e9 R (2006) Effects of vascular occlusion on muscular endurance in dynamic knee extension exercise at different submaximal loads. J Strength Cond Res 20(2):372\u2013377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1519\/r-16884.1","journal-title":"J Strength Cond Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"5117_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2523","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e31823f2b0e","volume":"26","author":"T Yamanaka","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yamanaka T, Farley RS, Caputo JL (2012) Occlusion training increases muscular strength in division IA football players. J Strength Cond Res 26(9):2523\u20132529. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1519\/JSC.0b013e31823f2b0e","journal-title":"J Strength Cond Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"5117_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1556\/1646.9.2017.2.16","volume":"9","author":"O Yanagisawa","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yanagisawa O, Sanomura M (2017) Effects of low-load resistance exercise with blood flow restriction on high-energy phosphate metabolism and oxygenation level in skeletal muscle. Interv Med Appl Sci 9(2):67\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/1646.9.2017.2.16","journal-title":"Interv Med Appl Sci"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Applied Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00421-022-05117-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00421-022-05117-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00421-022-05117-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,21]],"date-time":"2023-04-21T10:05:48Z","timestamp":1682071548000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00421-022-05117-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,16]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]}},"alternative-id":["5117"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00421-022-05117-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1439-6319","1439-6327"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1439-6319","type":"print"},{"value":"1439-6327","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 May 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 December 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 January 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}