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This study investigated the effects of 6\u00a0weeks of localized heat therapy on near-infrared spectroscopy-(NIRS) derived indices of muscle oxidative and microvascular function. Twelve physically active participants (8 males and 4 females, age: 34.9\u2009\u00b1\u20095.9 years, stature: 175\u2009\u00b1\u20097\u00a0cm, body mass: 76.7\u2009\u00b1\u200913.3\u00a0kg) undertook a 6-week intervention, where adhesive heat pads were applied for 8\u00a0h\/day, 5\u00a0days\/week, on one calf of each participant, while the contralateral leg acted as control. Prior to and following the intervention, the microvascular function was assessed using NIRS-based methods, where 5\u00a0min of popliteal artery occlusion was applied, and the reperfusion (i.e., re-saturation rate, re-saturation amplitude, and hyperemic response) was monitored for 2\u00a0min upon release. Participants also performed a 1-min isometric contraction of the plantar flexors (30% maximal voluntary contraction), following which a further 2\u00a0min interval was undertaken for the assessment of recovery kinetics. A 20-min time interval was allowed before the assessment protocol was repeated on the contralateral leg. Repeated localized heating of the gastrocnemius did not influence any of the NIRS-derive indices of microvascular or oxidative function (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05) following 6\u00a0weeks of treatment. Our findings indicate that localized heating via the use of adhesive heat pads may not be a potent stimulus for muscle adaptations in physically active humans.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-023-05159-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,23]],"date-time":"2023-03-23T11:04:46Z","timestamp":1679569486000},"page":"1629-1635","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Skeletal muscle oxidative adaptations following localized heat therapy"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"123","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5592-6888","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed","family":"Ihsan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariem","family":"Labidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0348-4744","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sebastien","family":"Racinais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"5159_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.12399","volume":"170","author":"D Bishop-Bailey","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bishop-Bailey D (2013) Mechanisms governing the health and performance benefits of exercise. 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