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Participants\u2019 heart rate (HR) was continuously monitored while perceived readiness (RED, 1\u201310), rating of perceived exertion (RPE, 6\u201320), and blood lactate [La-] were assessed at standardized time points.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The total duration and distance covered were 03:30\u2009\u00b1\u200900:06\u00a0h and 25.2\u2009\u00b1\u20092.9\u00a0km, respectively. The participants spent 02:19\u2009\u00b1\u200900:27\u00a0h\u2009&gt;\u200960% of their maximal HR (HR<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>) and 00:16\u2009\u00b1\u200900:04\u00a0h\u2009&gt;\u200985% of HR<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>. Average HR decreased from TT to F (89.3\u2009\u00b1\u20092.0% vs. 86.9\u2009\u00b1\u20093.0% of HR<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01). [La-] levels were highest before (4.6\u2009\u00b1\u20092.0 vs. 2.9\u2009\u00b1\u20091.2, 3.2\u2009\u00b1\u20092.0 and 2.5\u2009\u00b1\u20091.3\u00a0mmol\u00b7L<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, all P\u2009&lt;\u20090.01) and after (10.8\u2009\u00b1\u20091.4 vs. 9.8\u2009\u00b1\u20091.6, 9.1\u2009\u00b1\u20091.8 and 8.7\u2009\u00b1\u20091.7\u00a0mmol\u00b7L<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, all <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) F compared to TT, QF, and SF, respectively. RED was lowest before F compared to TT, QF, and SF (6.6\u2009\u00b1\u20091.4 vs. 7.9\u2009\u00b1\u20091.1, 7.6\u2009\u00b1\u20091.1, and 7.4\u2009\u00b1\u20091.4, respectively, all <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) while RPE was highest after TT compared to QF, SF, and F (17.8\u2009\u00b1\u20090.9 vs. 15.1\u2009\u00b1\u20092.0, 16.5\u2009\u00b1\u20091.2 and 16.6\u2009\u00b1\u20091.8, respectively, all <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01). The six best-performing skiers demonstrated higher RED before F (7.2\u2009\u00b1\u20090.9 vs. 5.3\u2009\u00b1\u20091.2, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) and higher [La-] after F (11.2\u2009\u00b1\u20090.2 vs. 10.2\u2009\u00b1\u20090.3, mmol\u00b7L<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) than lower-performing competitors.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This study provides novel insights into physiological demands of an entire sprint cross-country skiing competition, which involves repeated 3-min high-intensity efforts interspersed with\u2009&gt;\u20092\u00a0h (25 km) of low- to moderate-intensity exercise.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-023-05326-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,7]],"date-time":"2023-10-07T08:02:36Z","timestamp":1696665756000},"page":"1015-1025","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Comprehensive analysis of performance, physiological, and perceptual responses during an entire sprint cross-country skiing\u00a0competition"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"124","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4076-2451","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rune Kj\u00f8sen","family":"Talsnes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tore","family":"Berdal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan-Magnus","family":"Bratteb\u00f8","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Trine","family":"Seeberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Losnegard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Kocbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u00d8yvind","family":"Sandbakk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"5326_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00015.2007","volume":"88","author":"DG Allen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Allen DG, Lamb GD, Westerblad H (2008) Skeletal muscle fatigue: cellular mechanisms. 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