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Extra torque, the relative difference between the initial and final torque during stimulation, and sustained electromyographic (EMG) activity were assessed. High-density EMG was recorded during triangular shaped contractions to calculate \u2206<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>, an estimate of PIC contribution to motoneuron firing, and its variation before vs after the intervention referred to as \u2206<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic> change score.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>While extra torque was not significantly increased with remote contraction (WPHF\u2009+\u2009remote) vs WPHF (+\u200937\u2009\u00b1\u200963%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.112), sustained EMG activity was higher in this condition than WPHF (+\u20093.9\u2009\u00b1\u20094.3% MVC EMG, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.017). Moreover, \u2206<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic> was greater (+\u20090.35\u2009\u00b1\u20090.30\u00a0Hz) with WPHF\u2009+\u2009remote than control (+\u20090.03\u2009\u00b1\u20090.1\u00a0Hz, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.028). A positive correlation was found between \u2206<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic> change score and extra torque in the WPHF\u2009+\u2009remote (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.862, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.006).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The findings suggest that the addition of remote muscle contraction to WPHF NMES enhances the central contribution to torque production, which may be related to an increased PIC contribution to motoneuron firing. Gaining a better understanding of\u00a0these mechanisms should enable NMES intervention optimization in clinical and rehabilitation settings, improving neuromuscular function in clinical populations.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-024-05538-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,28]],"date-time":"2024-06-28T12:02:35Z","timestamp":1719576155000},"page":"3377-3386","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Motoneuron persistent inward current contribution to increased torque responses to wide-pulse high-frequency neuromuscular electrical stimulation"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"124","author":[{"given":"Timoth\u00e9e","family":"Popesco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucas","family":"Bet da Rosa Orssatto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Hug","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony John","family":"Blazevich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel Siqueira","family":"Trajano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9044-0621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicolas","family":"Place","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"5538_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-008045046-9.01159-1","volume-title":"Encyclopedia of neuroscience","author":"G Aghajanian","year":"2009","unstructured":"Aghajanian G, Liu R-J (2009) Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT): CNS pathways and neurophysiology. 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