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Therefore, we investigated the relationship between rate of force development (RFD), and force fluctuations' magnitude (Coefficient of variation, CoV) and complexity (Approximate Entropy, ApEn; Detrended fluctuation analysis, DFA\u03b1).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Fourteen participants performed intermittent ballistic isometric contractions of the plantar dorsiflexors at 70% of maximal voluntary force until task failure (under 60% twice).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Indices of RFD (RFD<jats:sub>peak<\/jats:sub>, RFD<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>, RFD<jats:sub>100<\/jats:sub>, and RFD<jats:sub>150<\/jats:sub>) decreased over time by approximately 46, 32, 44, and 39%, respectively (p all\u2009\u2264\u20090.007). DFA\u03b1 increased by 10% (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and CoV increased by 15% (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), indicating decreased force complexity along with increased force fluctuations, respectively. ApEn decreased by just over a quarter (28%, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). The linear hierarchical models showed negative associations between RFD<jats:sub>peak<\/jats:sub> and DFA\u03b1 (\u03b2\u2009=\u2009\u2009\u2212\u20093.6 10<jats:sup>\u20134<\/jats:sup>, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), CoV (\u03b2\u2009=\u2009\u2009\u2212\u20091.8 10<jats:sup>\u20133<\/jats:sup>, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), while ApEn showed a positive association (\u03b2\u2009=\u20098.2 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>\u20135<\/jats:sup>, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The results suggest that exercise-induced reductions in contraction speed, lead to smoother force complexity and diminished force control due to slower adjustments around the target force. The fatigued state resulted in worsened force producing capacity and overall force control.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-024-05561-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,24]],"date-time":"2024-07-24T12:05:30Z","timestamp":1721822730000},"page":"3583-3591","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Reduced rate of force development under fatigued conditions is associated to the decline in force complexity in adult males"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"124","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6232-9870","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samuel","family":"D\u2019Emanuele","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8706-4098","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gennaro","family":"Boccia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4606-4272","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Angius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2100-0029","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oliver","family":"Hayman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9029-2171","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stuart","family":"Goodall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2052-5117","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federico","family":"Schena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7208-9484","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cantor","family":"Tarperi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"5561_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1986.61.2.421","volume":"61","author":"B Bigland-Ritchie","year":"1986","unstructured":"Bigland-Ritchie B, Furbush F, Woods JJ (1986) Fatigue of intermittent submaximal voluntary contractions: central and peripheral factors. 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