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However, FFM is composed of metabolically active and inactive subcomponents whose proportion can vary depending on body composition and clinical condition, possibly affecting such association. Although it is known that in facioscapulohumeral dystrophy (FSHD) peculiar changes in body composition occur, it is unclear whether there are alterations in FFM composition and, if so, whether such alterations affect the association towards <jats:inline-formula>\n                <jats:alternatives>\n                  <jats:tex-math>$${\\text{VO}}_{2} {\\text{max}}$$<\/jats:tex-math>\n                  <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                    <mml:mrow>\n                      <mml:msub>\n                        <mml:mtext>VO<\/mml:mtext>\n                        <mml:mn>2<\/mml:mn>\n                      <\/mml:msub>\n                      <mml:mtext>max<\/mml:mtext>\n                    <\/mml:mrow>\n                  <\/mml:math>\n                <\/jats:alternatives>\n              <\/jats:inline-formula> compared to healthy subjects (HS).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>To address this issue, 27 FSHD patients (mean age 37.3; 9 female) and 27 sex and age matched HS, underwent an assessment of <jats:inline-formula>\n                <jats:alternatives>\n                  <jats:tex-math>$${\\text{VO}}_{2} {\\text{max}}$$<\/jats:tex-math>\n                  <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                    <mml:mrow>\n                      <mml:msub>\n                        <mml:mtext>VO<\/mml:mtext>\n                        <mml:mn>2<\/mml:mn>\n                      <\/mml:msub>\n                      <mml:mtext>max<\/mml:mtext>\n                    <\/mml:mrow>\n                  <\/mml:math>\n                <\/jats:alternatives>\n              <\/jats:inline-formula> by cardiopulmonary exercise tests (CPET) and body composition, with reference to FFM and its subcomponents, by bioimpedance analysis.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>In between-groups comparison, patients showed lower amounts of body cell mass (BCM) and intracellular water (ICW) which reflect in lower BCM\/FFM ratio and higher extracellular to intracellular water ratio (ECW\/ICW). Patients\u2019 <jats:inline-formula>\n                <jats:alternatives>\n                  <jats:tex-math>$${\\text{VO}}_{2} {\\text{max}}$$<\/jats:tex-math>\n                  <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                    <mml:mrow>\n                      <mml:msub>\n                        <mml:mtext>VO<\/mml:mtext>\n                        <mml:mn>2<\/mml:mn>\n                      <\/mml:msub>\n                      <mml:mtext>max<\/mml:mtext>\n                    <\/mml:mrow>\n                  <\/mml:math>\n                <\/jats:alternatives>\n              <\/jats:inline-formula> was lower than HS and, even if with lower associative values than HS, correlated with FFM and BCM, while BCM\/FFM and ECW\/ICW ratios associations were observed only in HS.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>FSHD patients showed lower amount of BCM and ICW. BCM resulted as the parameter with the highest associative value with VO2max in both groups. Since <jats:inline-formula>\n                <jats:alternatives>\n                  <jats:tex-math>$${\\text{VO}}_{2} {\\text{max}}$$<\/jats:tex-math>\n                  <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                    <mml:mrow>\n                      <mml:msub>\n                        <mml:mtext>VO<\/mml:mtext>\n                        <mml:mn>2<\/mml:mn>\n                      <\/mml:msub>\n                      <mml:mtext>max<\/mml:mtext>\n                    <\/mml:mrow>\n                  <\/mml:math>\n                <\/jats:alternatives>\n              <\/jats:inline-formula> is associated with functional ability in dystrophic patients, BCM, rather than FFM, could be an additional body composition-based clinical stratification factor.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-024-05581-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,23]],"date-time":"2024-08-23T07:15:43Z","timestamp":1724397343000},"page":"157-165","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Bioimpedance analysis of fat free mass and its subcomponents and relative associations with maximal oxygen consumption in facioscapulohumeral dystrophy"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"125","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8586-6465","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oscar","family":"Crisafulli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgio","family":"Bottoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Lacetera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federico","family":"Fassio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Grattarola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuela","family":"Lavaselli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Giovanetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3797-1789","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rossella","family":"Tupler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9159-9287","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Massimo","family":"Negro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0683-5565","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"D\u2019Antona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"5581_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-445X.2000.02066.x","volume":"85","author":"CE Amara","year":"2001","unstructured":"Amara CE, Koval JJ, Johnson PJ et al (2001) Modelling the influence of fat-free mass and physical activity on the decline in maximal oxygen uptake with age in older humans. 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