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Since the evaluation of metabolic thresholds is not always possible, this study assessed the accuracy of fixed intensity anchors to estimate lactate thresholds.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>165 (64 females, 101 males) recreational runners performed a maximal incremental treadmill test. The first (LT1) and second (LT2) lactate thresholds were determined as percentages of maximum heart rate (HR), oxygen consumption (VO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>), and running speed, alongside the rating of perceived exertion (RPE). Sex-specific mean values were used to determine the threshold intensities and to analyze the error magnitude for each method.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Females had a higher relative HR, VO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, and speed at LT1 compared to males (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). In the pooled data, the mean absolute error for estimating LT1 varied from 0.6 to 0.8\u00a0km\/h for speed and 4.9\u20137.4\u00a0bpm for HR, while LT2 errors ranged from 0.4 to 0.8\u00a0km\/h and 2.8\u20135.2\u00a0bpm, respectively. The speed-derived estimations yielded the smallest error magnitudes, while the RPE-derived estimations were the least accurate. Estimating the maximum speed increased the respective errors to 1.0\u00a0km\/h and 8.4\u00a0bpm for LT1, and to 1.1\u00a0km\/h and 6.7\u00a0bpm for LT2.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>LT1 occurred at higher relative intensity in females, suggesting a need for sex-specific intensity anchors. The speed-derived estimates were the most accurate, but the estimation of maximum values impaired the prediction accuracy. Thus, the optimal method also depends on the availability of the maximum values.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-025-05748-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,15]],"date-time":"2025-03-15T07:48:03Z","timestamp":1742024883000},"page":"2161-2171","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["The accuracy of fixed intensity anchors to estimate lactate thresholds in recreational runners"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"125","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4819-0619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olli-Pekka","family":"Nuuttila","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piia","family":"Kaikkonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harri","family":"Siev\u00e4nen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tommi","family":"Vasankari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heikki","family":"Kyr\u00f6l\u00e4inen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"5748_CR13","unstructured":"American College of Sports Medicine, Liguori G, Feito Y, et al (eds) (2021) ACSM\u2019s guidelines for exercise testing and prescription, Eleventh edition. 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