{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T03:56:14Z","timestamp":1784346974092,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,5]],"date-time":"2025-04-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743811200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,5]],"date-time":"2025-04-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743811200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000924","name":"Multiple Sclerosis Australia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["15-087"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["15-087"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000924","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000924","name":"Multiple Sclerosis Australia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["17-0227"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17-0227"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000924","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001774","name":"University of Sydney","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001774","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Appl Physiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Cold-water ingestion improves exercise capacity in the heat for people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Whether cold-water ingestion also mitigates heat-related MS symptoms is unknown. Ingesting fluid is also limiting for people with MS with impaired bladder function. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that swilling or ingesting cold-water (7\u00b0C) compared to ingesting thermoneutral water (37\u00b0C) would mitigate the onset of perceived MS heat-related symptoms\u00a0and thermal sensation in heat-sensitive people with MS during exercise in the heat.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>On three occasions, 13 heat-sensitive participants with MS (41\u2009\u00b1\u200912 y; 67\u2009\u00b1\u200912\u00a0kg; 1.7\u2009\u00b1\u20090.1\u00a0m; 33.3\u2009\u00b1\u20099.4\u00a0ml\u00b7kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\u00b7min<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) cycled at 40% VO<jats:sub>2max<\/jats:sub> at 35\u2009\u00b1\u20091\u00b0C; 30\u2009\u00b1\u20092% RH until volitional exhaustion (maximum of 60\u00a0min). Every 15\u00a0min, participants ingested (7<jats:sub>IN<\/jats:sub>) or swilled (7<jats:sub>SW<\/jats:sub>) 7\u00b0C, or ingested 37\u00b0C (37<jats:sub>IN<\/jats:sub>) water. Thermal sensation, heat-related MS symptoms, rectal (<jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n              <jats:sub>re<\/jats:sub>), and mean skin (<jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n              <jats:sub>sk<\/jats:sub>) temperature were recorded throughout.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Thermal sensation was cooler in the 7<jats:sub>SW<\/jats:sub> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01) and 7<jats:sub>IN<\/jats:sub> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.04) compared to the 37<jats:sub>IN<\/jats:sub> trial, but heat-related symptoms (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.57), fatigue (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.90), \u0394<jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n              <jats:sub>re<\/jats:sub> (37<jats:sub>IN<\/jats:sub>: 0.74\u2009\u00b1\u20090.37\u00b0C; 7<jats:sub>IN<\/jats:sub>: 0.65\u2009\u00b1\u20090.38\u00b0C; 7<jats:sub>SW<\/jats:sub>: 0.67\u2009\u00b1\u20090.34\u00b0C; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.38) and \u0394<jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n              <jats:sub>sk<\/jats:sub> (37<jats:sub>IN<\/jats:sub>: 1.61\u2009\u00b1\u20090.82\u00b0C; 7<jats:sub>IN<\/jats:sub>: 1.67\u2009\u00b1\u20090.78\u00b0C; 7<jats:sub>SW<\/jats:sub>: 1.64\u2009\u00b1\u20090.69\u00b0C; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.91), were not different between trials. Nine participants completed 60\u00a0min of exercise in the 37<jats:sub>IN<\/jats:sub> trial whereas 10 participants completed 60\u00a0min of exercise in the 7<jats:sub>IN<\/jats:sub> and 7<jats:sub>SW<\/jats:sub> trials.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Swilling and ingesting 7\u00b0C water induces a cooler thermal sensation in heat-sensitive people with MS exercising in the heat but does not mitigate heat-related MS symptoms. The capacity to complete 60\u00a0min of exercise with cold-water ingestion and swilling were comparable.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-025-05766-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,5]],"date-time":"2025-04-05T21:19:57Z","timestamp":1743887997000},"page":"2563-2571","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The effect of cold-water mouth swilling on thermal perceptions and heat-related symptoms for people with multiple sclerosis exercising in a hot environment"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"125","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3603-7852","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georgia K.","family":"Chaseling","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katrina","family":"Blackett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steve","family":"Vucic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Barnett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott L.","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ollie","family":"Jay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole T.","family":"Vargas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"5766_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000001821","volume":"51","author":"DR Allen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Allen DR, Huang M, Morris NB, Chaseling GK, Frohman EM, Jay O, Davis SL (2019) Impaired thermoregulatory function during dynamic exercise in multiple sclerosis. 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