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Haematological parameters\u00a0was evaluated through (1) total haemoglobin mass (tHb\n                      <jats:sub>mass<\/jats:sub>\n                      ), plasma volume (PV), blood volume (BV), and red cell volume (RCV), using the carbon monoxide (CO) rebreathing method, and (2) complete blood count from venous blood samples. Exploratory correlation and regression analyses were conducted to investigate potential associations between the variables.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Baseline SmO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      was not associated with any parameters, whereas tHb\n                      <jats:sub>muscle<\/jats:sub>\n                      was positively correlated with RCV, BV, and PV (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). SmO\u2082 values exhibited three distinct phases: a descent and plateau during the TT, followed by an ascent during recovery. None of the haematological variables explained SmO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      variability in the entire cohort. After dividing the participants based on the median of haematological variables into\n                      <jats:italic>low<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>high<\/jats:italic>\n                      groups, regression analyses showed that dichotomised tHb\n                      <jats:sub>mass<\/jats:sub>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01), BV (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01), and PV (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05) explained the variability of SmO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      only in the linear part of the descent phase. During recovery, half-time of local muscle reoxygenation correlated negatively with relative values of PV, BV (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05) and tHb\n                      <jats:sub>mass<\/jats:sub>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.06).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Haematological status, irrespective of the assessment method, did not appear to influence either resting SmO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      or SmO\u2082 kinetics during the time trial. However, muscle reoxygenation dynamics may be associated with haematological parameters obtained via the CO rebreathing method.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-025-05955-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T08:23:50Z","timestamp":1759998230000},"page":"1657-1670","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Haematological parameters and muscle oxygen saturation in elite male speed skaters during a 2-min time trial"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"126","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9574-8158","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jadwiga","family":"Malczewska-Lenczowska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1866-9998","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrzej","family":"Klusiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1884-5816","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kinga","family":"R\u0119bi\u015b","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2816-099X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam","family":"Czaplicki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1333-1725","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomasz","family":"Kowalski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5779-4505","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dominika","family":"Granda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7419-8943","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"Starczewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1050-438X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcin","family":"Konopka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"5955_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2020.1733774","volume":"38","author":"TS Alvares","year":"2020","unstructured":"Alvares TS, Oliveira GVD, Soares R, Murias JM (2020) Near-infrared spectroscopy-derived total haemoglobin as an indicator of changes in muscle blood flow during exercise-induced hyperaemia. 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