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Nineteen healthy men participated: ten performed a unilateral short-term training program of the knee extensors, while nine maintained their habitual routines as a control group. Before and after the intervention, all participants performed a 5-minute all-out test. The test was used to characterize the torque\u2013time hyperbolic relationship and to determine critical torque (CT) and critical impulse (CI), as well as the accumulated impulse above CT and CI (iCT\u2032 and iCI\u2032). In the non-fatigued condition, training significantly increased maximal torque (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.040), with no changes in torque impulse or integrated electromyography (iEMG) across the 30, 100, and 200 ms time windows (all\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). During the 5-min all-out test, training significantly increased the time constant (\u03c4) of the decay in maximal torque and total impulse of torque (all,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05), while CT and CI remained unchanged (all,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). In parallel, iCT\u2032 and iCI\u2032 increased significantly (all,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Analysis of iEMG revealed an increase in the intercept of the iEMG\u2013contraction relationship (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05), with no change in its slope (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). These findings demonstrate that short-term maximal strength training enhances maximal torque and fatigue tolerance during sustained maximal efforts via slower neuromechanical decay and greater impulse availability above critical thresholds, without altering the critical limits of torque or impulse.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-026-06321-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T18:02:57Z","timestamp":1783015377000},"page":"5437-5448","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["An integrated model of rapid torque production: neuromuscular adaptations under fatigue after strength training"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"126","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4907-8768","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leonardo Henrique Perinotto","family":"Abdalla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benedito S\u00e9rgio","family":"Denadai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nat\u00e1lia","family":"de Menezes Bassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan Michael","family":"Broxterman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camila Coelho","family":"Greco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"6321_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1318","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00283.2002","volume":"93","author":"P Aagaard","year":"2002","unstructured":"Aagaard P, Simonsen EB, Andersen JL, Magnusson P, Dyhre-Poulsen P (2002) Increased rate of force development and neural drive of human skeletal muscle following resistance training. 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