{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T19:36:33Z","timestamp":1792179393170,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,5]],"date-time":"2023-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683244800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,5]],"date-time":"2023-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683244800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Breast Cancer Research Institute, Ireland"},{"name":"National University Ireland, Galway"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Langenbecks Arch Surg"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>No randomised clinical trials (RCTs) have simultaneously compared the safety of open (OA), transperitoneal laparoscopic (TLA), posterior retroperitoneal (PRA), and robotic adrenalectomy (RA) for resecting adrenal tumours.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate outcomes for OA, TLA, PRA, and RA from RCTs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A NMA was performed according to PRISMA-NMA guidelines. Analysis was performed using R packages and Shiny.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Eight RCTs with 488 patients were included (mean age: 48.9\u00a0years). Overall, 44.5% of patients underwent TLA (217\/488), 37.3% underwent PRA (182\/488), 16.4% underwent RA (80\/488), and just 1.8% patients underwent OA (9\/488). The mean tumour size was 35\u00a0mm in largest diameter with mean sizes of 44.3\u00a0mm for RA, 40.9\u00a0mm for OA, 35.5\u00a0mm for TLA, and 34.4\u00a0mm for PRA (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). TLA had the lowest blood loss (mean: 50.6\u00a0ml), complication rates (12.4%, 14\/113), and conversion to open rates (1.3%, 2\/157), while PRA had the shortest intra-operative duration (mean: 94\u00a0min), length of hospital stay (mean: 3.7\u00a0days), lowest visual analogue scale pain scores post-operatively (mean: 3.7), and was most cost-effective (mean: 1728 euros per case). At NMA, there was a significant increase in blood loss for OA (mean difference (MD): 117.00\u00a0ml (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.41\u2013230.00)) with similar blood loss observed for PRA (MD:\u2009\u2212\u200910.50 (95% CI:\u2009\u2212\u200983.40\u201365.90)) compared to TLA.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>LTA and PRA are important contemporary options in achieving favourable outcomes following adrenalectomy. The next generation of RCTs may be more insightful for comparison surgical outcomes following RA, as this approach is likely to play a future role in minimally invasive adrenalectomy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>PROSPERO registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CRD42022301005.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00423-023-02911-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,5]],"date-time":"2023-05-05T11:01:53Z","timestamp":1683284513000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Comparing surgical outcomes of approaches to adrenalectomy \u2014 a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"408","author":[{"given":"Matthew G.","family":"Davey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c9anna J.","family":"Ryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noel E.","family":"Donlon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Odhr\u00e1n K.","family":"Ryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Al Azzawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael R.","family":"Boland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Kerin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aoife J.","family":"Lowery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2911_CR1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Adrenal glands: diagnostic aspects and surgical therapy","author":"DA Harris","year":"2005","unstructured":"Harris DA, Wheeler MH (2005) History of adrenal surgery. In: Linos D, van Heerden JA (eds) Adrenal glands: diagnostic aspects and surgical therapy. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg p, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 1\u20136"},{"issue":"1","key":"2911_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.13707","volume":"119","author":"T Matsuda","year":"2017","unstructured":"Matsuda T (2017) Laparoscopic adrenalectomy: the \u2018gold standard\u2019 when performed appropriately. BJU Int 119(1):2\u20133","journal-title":"BJU Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"2911_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soc.2015.08.007","volume":"25","author":"AA Carr","year":"2016","unstructured":"Carr AA, Wang TS (2016) Minimally invasive adrenalectomy. Surg Oncol Clin N Am 25(1):139\u2013152","journal-title":"Surg Oncol Clin N Am"},{"issue":"20","key":"2911_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2050","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa032651","volume":"350","author":"H Nelson","year":"2004","unstructured":"Clinical Outcomes of Surgical Therapy Study Group, Nelson H, Sargent DJ, Wieand HS, Fleshman J, Anvari M, Stryker SJ, Beart RW, Hellinger M, Flanagan R Jr, Peters W, Ota D (2004) A comparison of laparoscopically assisted\u00a0and open colectomy for colon cancer. N Engl J Med 350(20):2050\u20132059.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa032651","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2911_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(08)70310-3","volume":"10","author":"M Buunen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Buunen M et al (2009) Survival after laparoscopic surgery versus open surgery for colon cancer: long-term outcome of a randomised clinical trial. Lancet Oncol 10(1):44\u201352","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"2911_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sopen.2021.08.001","volume":"6","author":"KE Bessoff","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bessoff KE et al (2021) Evidence-based surgery for laparoscopic appendectomy: a stepwise systematic review. Surg Open Sci 6:29\u201339","journal-title":"Surg Open Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"2911_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e31818e416a","volume":"249","author":"BR Klarenbeek","year":"2009","unstructured":"Klarenbeek BR et al (2009) Laparoscopic sigmoid resection for diverticulitis decreases major morbidity rates: a randomized control trial: short-term results of the Sigma Trial. Ann Surg 249(1):39\u201344","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"2911_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3181dbb5a5","volume":"252","author":"P Gervaz","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gervaz P et al (2010) A prospective, randomized, single-blind comparison of laparoscopic versus open sigmoid colectomy for diverticulitis. Ann Surg 252(1):3\u20138","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"14","key":"2911_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199210013271417","volume":"327","author":"M Gagner","year":"1992","unstructured":"Gagner M, Lacroix A, Bolt\u00e9 E (1992) Laparoscopic adrenalectomy in Cushing\u2019s syndrome and pheochromocytoma. N Engl J Med 327(14):1033","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"2911_CR10","first-page":"1130","volume":"83","author":"E Higashihara","year":"1992","unstructured":"Higashihara E et al (1992) A case report of laparoscopic adrenalectomy. Nihon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi 83(7):1130\u20131133","journal-title":"Nihon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi"},{"issue":"1","key":"2911_CR11","first-page":"53","volume":"120","author":"MK Walz","year":"1995","unstructured":"Walz MK et al (1995) Dorsal retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy\u2013a new surgical technique. Zentralbl Chir 120(1):53\u201358","journal-title":"Zentralbl Chir"},{"issue":"4","key":"2911_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.10414","volume":"104","author":"S Gaujoux","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gaujoux S et al (2017) European Society of Endocrine Surgeons (ESES) and European Network for the Study of Adrenal Tumours (ENSAT) recommendations for the surgical management of adrenocortical carcinoma. Br J Surg 104(4):358\u2013376","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"2911_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1186\/s12893-020-00824-6","volume":"20","author":"S-Q Fu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fu S-Q et al (2020) Laparoscopic versus open surgery for pheochromocytoma: a meta-analysis. BMC Surg 20(1):167\u2013167","journal-title":"BMC Surg"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"2911_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2015.12.055","volume":"28","author":"A Agrusa","year":"2016","unstructured":"Agrusa A et al (2016) Three-dimensional (3D) versus two-dimensional (2D) laparoscopic adrenalectomy: a case-control study. Int J Surg 28(Suppl 1):S114\u2013S117","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"issue":"25","key":"2911_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17325","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.24669","volume":"9","author":"A Agrusa","year":"2018","unstructured":"Agrusa A et al (2018) 3D laparoscopic surgery: a prospective clinical trial. Oncotarget 9(25):17325\u201317333","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"issue":"11","key":"2911_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-004-7620-0","volume":"28","author":"WT Shen","year":"2004","unstructured":"Shen WT et al (2004) Reasons for conversion from laparoscopic to open or hand-assisted adrenalectomy: review of 261 laparoscopic adrenalectomies from 1993 to 2003. World J Surg 28(11):1176\u20131179","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"issue":"11","key":"2911_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2006.450","volume":"21","author":"ZJ Shen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Shen ZJ et al (2007) Predictive factors for open conversion of laparoscopic adrenalectomy: a 13-year review of 456 cases. J Endourol 21(11):1333\u20131337","journal-title":"J Endourol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2911_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(02)02011-3","volume":"60","author":"MM Desai","year":"2002","unstructured":"Desai MM et al (2002) Robotic-assisted laparoscopic adrenalectomy. Urology 60(6):1104\u20131107","journal-title":"Urology"},{"issue":"9","key":"2911_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.2011.114","volume":"146","author":"Y Woo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Woo Y et al (2011) Robotic gastrectomy as an oncologically sound alternative to laparoscopic resections for the treatment of early-stage gastric cancers. Arch Surg 146(9):1086\u20131092","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"2911_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1007\/s11701-009-0144-8","volume":"3","author":"JA Van Koughnett","year":"2009","unstructured":"Van Koughnett JA et al (2009) Are there advantages to robotic-assisted surgery over laparoscopy from the surgeon\u2019s perspective? J Robot Surg 3(2):79\u201382","journal-title":"J Robot Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"2911_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1007\/s13304-017-0448-6","volume":"69","author":"C Nomine-Criqui","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nomine-Criqui C et al (2017) Robot-assisted adrenalectomy: indications and drawbacks. Updates Surg 69(2):127\u2013133","journal-title":"Updates Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"2911_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-012-2496-9","volume":"27","author":"K Pineda-Sol\u00eds","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pineda-Sol\u00eds K, Medina-Franco H, Heslin MJ (2013) Robotic versus laparoscopic adrenalectomy: a comparative study in a high-volume center. Surg Endosc 27(2):599\u2013602","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"4","key":"2911_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.1373","volume":"10","author":"RK Owen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Owen RK et al (2019) MetaInsight: an interactive web-based tool for analyzing, interrogating, and visualizing network meta-analyses using R-shiny and netmeta. Res Synth Methods 10(4):569\u2013581","journal-title":"Res Synth Methods"},{"issue":"3","key":"2911_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2012.0147","volume":"27","author":"ES Hyams","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hyams ES et al (2013) Impact of robotic technique and surgical volume on the cost of radical prostatectomy. J Endourol 27(3):298\u2013303","journal-title":"J Endourol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2911_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1089\/lap.2014.0431","volume":"25","author":"K Tang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tang K et al (2015) Robot-assisted versus laparoscopic adrenalectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 25(3):187\u2013195","journal-title":"J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A"},{"key":"2911_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2016.12.118","volume":"38","author":"KP Economopoulos","year":"2017","unstructured":"Economopoulos KP et al (2017) Laparoscopic versus robotic adrenalectomy: a comprehensive meta-analysis. Int J Surg 38:95\u2013104","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"2911_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2013.09.021","volume":"65","author":"LF Brandao","year":"2014","unstructured":"Brandao LF et al (2014) Robotic versus laparoscopic adrenalectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Urol 65(6):1154\u20131161","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2911_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2020.02.009","volume":"46","author":"J Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"Li J et al (2020) Laparoscopic adrenalectomy (LA) vs open adrenalectomy (OA) for pheochromocytoma (PHEO): a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Surg Oncol 46(6):991\u2013998","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"11","key":"2911_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2746","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-017-4095-3","volume":"41","author":"P Heger","year":"2017","unstructured":"Heger P et al (2017) Evaluation of open and minimally invasive adrenalectomy: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. World J Surg 41(11):2746\u20132757","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"2911_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.3109\/08941939.2014.987886","volume":"28","author":"G Sgourakis","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sgourakis G et al (2015) Laparoscopic versus open adrenalectomy for stage I\/II adrenocortical carcinoma: meta-analysis of outcomes. J Invest Surg 28(3):145\u2013152","journal-title":"J Invest Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"2911_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-11-159","volume":"11","author":"JP Jansen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jansen JP, Naci H (2013) Is network meta-analysis as valid as standard pairwise meta-analysis? It all depends on the distribution of effect modifiers. BMC Med 11(1):159","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"2911_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f2914","volume":"346","author":"EJ Mills","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mills EJ, Thorlund K, Ioannidis JP (2013) Demystifying trial networks and network meta-analysis. BMJ 346:f2914","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"11","key":"2911_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.7326\/M14-2385","volume":"162","author":"B Hutton","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hutton B et al (2015) The PRISMA extension statement for reporting of systematic reviews incorporating network meta-analyses of health care interventions: checklist and explanations. Ann Intern Med 162(11):777\u2013784","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2911_CR34","first-page":"25","volume":"98","author":"EC Armstrong","year":"1999","unstructured":"Armstrong EC (1999) The well-built clinical question: the key to finding the best evidence efficiently. WMJ 98(2):25\u201328","journal-title":"WMJ"},{"key":"2911_CR35","unstructured":"USD-EUR X-RATE (2021) Cited 2021 28th December 2021. Available from: https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/quote\/USDEUR:CUR"},{"key":"2911_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-5-13","volume":"5","author":"SP Hozo","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hozo SP, Djulbegovic B, Hozo I (2005) Estimating the mean and variance from the median, range, and the size of a sample. BMC Med Res Methodol 5:13","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2911_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1785","DOI":"10.1177\/0962280216669183","volume":"27","author":"D Luo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Luo D et al (2018) Optimally estimating the sample mean from the sample size, median, mid-range, and\/or mid-quartile range. Stat Methods Med Res 27(6):1785\u20131805","journal-title":"Stat Methods Med Res"},{"key":"2911_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-14-135","volume":"14","author":"X Wan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wan X et al (2014) Estimating the sample mean and standard deviation from the sample size, median, range and\/or interquartile range. BMC Med Res Methodol 14:135","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"2911_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d5928","volume":"343","author":"JPT Higgins","year":"2011","unstructured":"Higgins JPT et al (2011) The Cochrane Collaboration\u2019s tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. BMJ 343:d5928","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2911_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2019.04.018","volume":"115","author":"JJ Yepes-Nu\u00f1ez","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yepes-Nu\u00f1ez JJ et al (2019) Development of the summary of findings table for network meta-analysis. J Clin Epidemiol 115:1\u201313","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2911_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000000982","volume":"260","author":"M Barczy\u0144ski","year":"2014","unstructured":"Barczy\u0144ski M, Konturek A, Nowak W (2014) Randomized clinical trial of posterior retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy versus lateral transperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy with a 5-year follow-up. Ann Surg 260(5):740\u20137 (discussion 747-8)","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"2911_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000002603","volume":"269","author":"YJ Chai","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chai YJ et al (2019) Lateral transperitoneal adrenalectomy versus posterior retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy for benign adrenal gland disease: randomized controlled trial at a single tertiary medical center. Ann Surg 269(5):842\u2013848","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"2911_CR43","first-page":"160","volume":"14","author":"T Koz\u0142owski","year":"2019","unstructured":"Koz\u0142owski T et al (2019) Laparoscopic adrenalectomy: lateral transperitoneal versus posterior retroperitoneal approach - prospective randomized trial. Wideochir Inne Tech Maloinwazyjne. 14(2):160\u2013169","journal-title":"Wideochir Inne Tech Maloinwazyjne."},{"issue":"10 Pt A","key":"2911_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1843","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2020.04.001","volume":"46","author":"W Ma","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ma W et al (2020) Surgical outcomes of a randomized controlled trial compared robotic versus laparoscopic adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma. Eur J Surg Oncol 46(10 Pt A):1843\u20131847","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2911_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1089\/lap.2012.0301","volume":"23","author":"MR Mohammadi-Fallah","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mohammadi-Fallah MR et al (2013) Comparison of transperitoneal versus retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy in a prospective randomized study. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 23(4):362\u2013366","journal-title":"J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A"},{"issue":"12","key":"2911_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1742","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-004-9046-z","volume":"18","author":"M Morino","year":"2004","unstructured":"Morino M et al (2004) Robot-assisted vs laparoscopic adrenalectomy: a prospective randomized controlled trial. Surg Endosc 18(12):1742\u20131746","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"2","key":"2911_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000165336.44836.2d","volume":"174","author":"M Rubinstein","year":"2005","unstructured":"Rubinstein M et al (2005) Prospective, randomized comparison of transperitoneal versus retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy. J Urol 174(2):442\u20135 (discussion 445)","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2911_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-008-9904-1","volume":"22","author":"GA Tiberio","year":"2008","unstructured":"Tiberio GA et al (2008) Prospective randomized comparison of laparoscopic versus open adrenalectomy for sporadic pheochromocytoma. Surg Endosc 22(6):1435\u20131439","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"11","key":"2911_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3960","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-013-3169-z","volume":"27","author":"D Stefanidis","year":"2013","unstructured":"Stefanidis D et al (2013) SAGES guidelines for minimally invasive treatment of adrenal pathology. Surg Endosc 27(11):3960\u20133980","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"2911_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g4198","volume":"349","author":"MA Cooper","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cooper MA et al (2014) Hospital level under-utilization of minimally invasive surgery in the United States: retrospective review. BMJ 349:g4198","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"6","key":"2911_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1280","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-009-0761-3","volume":"24","author":"A da Luz Moreira","year":"2010","unstructured":"da Luz Moreira A et al (2010) Laparoscopic versus open colectomy for patients with American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) classifications 3 and 4: the minimally invasive approach is associated with significantly quicker recovery and reduced costs. Surg Endosc 24(6):1280\u20131286","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"10","key":"2911_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-003-8275-x","volume":"18","author":"YW Novitsky","year":"2004","unstructured":"Novitsky YW, Litwin DE, Callery MP (2004) The net immunologic advantage of laparoscopic surgery. Surg Endosc 18(10):1411\u20131419","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"2911_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S28","DOI":"10.21037\/gs.2019.05.10","volume":"8","author":"R Mihai","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mihai R (2019) Open adrenalectomy. Gland Surg 8(Suppl 1):S28-s35","journal-title":"Gland Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"2911_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.13838","volume":"26","author":"K Shiraishi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shiraishi K et al (2019) Transperitoneal versus retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy for large pheochromocytoma: comparative outcomes. Int J Urol 26(2):212\u2013216","journal-title":"Int J Urol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2911_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.21037\/gs.2020.03.39","volume":"9","author":"RH Grogan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Grogan RH (2020) Current status of robotic adrenalectomy in the United States. Gland Surg 9(3):840\u2013843","journal-title":"Gland Surg"},{"issue":"9","key":"2911_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3874","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-018-6126-z","volume":"32","author":"CJ Fan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fan CJ et al (2018) Minimally invasive versus open surgery in the Medicare population: a comparison of post-operative and economic outcomes. Surg Endosc 32(9):3874\u20133880","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"1","key":"2911_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2012.05.042","volume":"153","author":"G Nigri","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nigri G et al (2013) Meta-analysis of trials comparing laparoscopic transperitoneal and retroperitoneal adrenalectomy. Surgery 153(1):111\u2013119","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"1","key":"2911_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1177\/000313481307900135","volume":"79","author":"PV Dickson","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dickson PV et al (2013) Robotic-assisted retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy: making a good procedure even better. Am Surg 79(1):84\u201389","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"key":"2911_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2018.08.037","volume":"123","author":"K Mishra","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mishra K et al (2019) Comparative efficacy of laparoscopic versus robotic adrenalectomy for adrenal malignancy. Urology 123:146\u2013150","journal-title":"Urology"},{"issue":"7","key":"2911_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5374","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-021-08827-x","volume":"36","author":"JJ Hue","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hue JJ et al (2021) A comparison of robotic and laparoscopic minimally invasive adrenalectomy for adrenal malignancies. Surg Endosc 36(7):5374\u20135381","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"11","key":"2911_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1007\/s11934-017-0738-z","volume":"18","author":"G Mazzon","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mazzon G et al (2017) Learning curves for robotic surgery: a review of the recent literature. Curr Urol Rep 18(11):89","journal-title":"Curr Urol Rep"},{"issue":"6","key":"2911_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2613","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-020-07681-7","volume":"35","author":"RK Orosco","year":"2021","unstructured":"Orosco RK et al (2021) Compensatory motion scaling for time-delayed robotic surgery. Surg Endosc 35(6):2613\u20132618","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"1","key":"2911_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1097\/MOU.0b013e32831a478c","volume":"19","author":"AM Okamura","year":"2009","unstructured":"Okamura AM (2009) Haptic feedback in robot-assisted minimally invasive surgery. Curr Opin Urol 19(1):102\u2013107","journal-title":"Curr Opin Urol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2911_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1007\/s11701-021-01246-z","volume":"16","author":"N Ahmadi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ahmadi N, Mor I, Warner R (2022) Comparison of outcome and costs of robotic and laparoscopic right hemicolectomies. J Robot Surg 16(2):429\u2013436","journal-title":"J Robot Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"2911_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs5.50235","volume":"4","author":"NA Soomro","year":"2020","unstructured":"Soomro NA et al (2020) Systematic review of learning curves in robot-assisted surgery. BJS Open 4(1):27\u201344","journal-title":"BJS Open"},{"issue":"2","key":"2911_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1007\/s00423-020-01860-9","volume":"405","author":"K Perivoliotis","year":"2020","unstructured":"Perivoliotis K et al (2020) Comparing the efficacy and safety of laparoscopic and robotic adrenalectomy: a meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis. Langenbeck\u2019s Arch Surg 405(2):125\u2013135","journal-title":"Langenbeck\u2019s Arch Surg"}],"container-title":["Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00423-023-02911-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00423-023-02911-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00423-023-02911-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,18]],"date-time":"2024-01-18T12:06:50Z","timestamp":1705579610000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00423-023-02911-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,5]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2911"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00423-023-02911-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1435-2451"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1435-2451","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 August 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 April 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 May 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"180"}}