{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T15:08:55Z","timestamp":1793200135812,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,7]],"date-time":"2025-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738886400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,7]],"date-time":"2025-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738886400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Langenbecks Arch Surg"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00423-025-03630-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,7]],"date-time":"2025-02-07T00:32:56Z","timestamp":1738888376000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Survival benefit of conversion surgery for initially unresectable biliary tract cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"410","author":[{"given":"Yanming","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingxiang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingjing","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shijie","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10272","key":"3630_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00153-7","volume":"397","author":"JW Valle","year":"2021","unstructured":"Valle JW, Kelley RK, Nervi B et al (2021) Biliary tract cancer. Lancet 397(10272):428\u2013444. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00153-7","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"14","key":"3630_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0908721","volume":"362","author":"J Valle","year":"2010","unstructured":"Valle J, Wasan H, Palmer DH et al (2010) Cisplatin plus gemcitabine versus gemcitabine for biliary tract cancer. N Engl J Med 362(14):1273\u20131281. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa0908721","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"3630_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3618","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-015-4422-6","volume":"22","author":"M Fukuchi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Fukuchi M, Ishiguro T, Ogata K et al (2015) Prognostic role of conversion surgery for unresectable gastric cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 22(11):3618\u20133624. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1245\/s10434-015-4422-6","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3630_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1007\/s13304-021-01089-1","volume":"74","author":"Y Zhou","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhou Y, Liao S, You J et al (2022) Conversion surgery for initially unresectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma following induction therapy: a systematic review of the published literature. Updates Surg 74(1):43\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13304-021-01089-1","journal-title":"Updates Surg"},{"key":"3630_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7819-5-36","volume":"5","author":"MW Slupski","year":"2007","unstructured":"Slupski MW, Szczylik C, Jasinski MK (2007) Unexpected response to systemic chemotherapy in case of primarily nonresectable advanced disseminated intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. World J Surg Oncol 5:36. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1477-7819-5-36","journal-title":"World J Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"7","key":"3630_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.10641","volume":"105","author":"B Le Roy","year":"2018","unstructured":"Le Roy B, Gelli M, Pittau G et al (2018) Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for initially unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Br J Surg 105(7):839\u2013847. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bjs.10641","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"issue":"11","key":"3630_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1409","DOI":"10.1007\/s00595-020-02031-5","volume":"50","author":"T Noji","year":"2020","unstructured":"Noji T, Nagayama M, Imai K et al (2020) Conversion surgery for initially unresectable biliary malignancies: a multicenter retrospective cohort study. Surg Today 50(11):1409\u20131417. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00595-020-02031-5","journal-title":"Surg Today"},{"issue":"7","key":"3630_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1000097","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000097","volume":"6","author":"D Moher","year":"2009","unstructured":"Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J et al (2009) Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. PLoS Med 6(7):e1000097. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000097","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"3630_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S1093","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-015-4768-9","volume":"22","author":"A Kato","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kato A, Shimizu H, Ohtsuka M et al (2015) Downsizing chemotherapy for initially unresectable locally advanced biliary Tract Cancer patients treated with Gemcitabine plus Cisplatin Combination Therapy followed by radical surgery. Ann Surg Oncol 22(Suppl 3):S1093\u2013S1099. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1245\/s10434-015-4768-9","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"3630_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-008-9848-7","volume":"15","author":"JC Zhu","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zhu JC, Yan TD, Morris DL (2008) A systematic review of radiofrequency ablation for lung tumors. Ann Surg Oncol 15(6):1765\u20131774. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1245\/s10434-008-9848-7","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"24","key":"3630_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2815","DOI":"10.1002\/(sici)1097-0258(19981230)17:24<2815::aid-sim110>3.0.co;2-8","volume":"17","author":"MK Parmar","year":"1998","unstructured":"Parmar MK, Torri V, Stewart L (1998) Extracting summary statistics to perform meta-analyses of the published literature for survival endpoints. Stat Med 17(24):2815\u20132834. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/(sici)1097-0258(19981230)17:24%3C2815::aid-sim110%3E3.0.co;2-8","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"3630_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3102","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-014-4365-3","volume":"22","author":"M Rayar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rayar M, Sulpice L, Edeline J et al (2015) Intra-arterial yttrium-90 radioembolization combined with systemic chemotherapy is a promising method for downstaging unresectable huge intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma to surgical treatment. Ann Surg Oncol 22(9):3102\u20133108. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1245\/s10434-014-4365-3","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"9","key":"3630_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3009","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-016-5197-0","volume":"23","author":"R Engineer","year":"2016","unstructured":"Engineer R, Goel M, Chopra S et al (2016) Neoadjuvant chemoradiation followed by surgery for locally advanced gallbladder cancers: a new paradigm. Ann Surg Oncol 23(9):3009\u20133015. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1245\/s10434-016-5197-0","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"8","key":"3630_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1007\/s00066-017-1128-7","volume":"193","author":"Y Cho","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cho Y, Kim TH, Seong J (2017) Improved oncologic outcome with chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery in unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Strahlenther Onkol 193(8):620\u2013629. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00066-017-1128-7","journal-title":"Strahlenther Onkol"},{"key":"3630_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Edeline J, Touchefeu Y, Guiu B, et al (2020) Radioembolization plus chemotherapy for first-line treatment of locally advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a phase 2 clinical trial. JAMA Oncol 6(1):51\u201359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaoncol.2019.3702","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2019.3702"},{"issue":"10","key":"3630_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3729","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-020-08486-7","volume":"27","author":"D Riby","year":"2020","unstructured":"Riby D, Mazzotta AD, Bergeat D et al (2020) Downstaging with radioembolization or chemotherapy for initially unresectable Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 27(10):3729\u20133737. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1245\/s10434-020-08486-7","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"3630_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2022.09.028","volume":"173","author":"SH Choi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Choi SH, Kang I, Lee SH et al (2023) Clinical feasibility of curative surgery after nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine-cisplatin chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced cholangiocarcinoma. Surgery 173(2):280\u2013288. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.surg.2022.09.028","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"10","key":"3630_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106939","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2023.05.014","volume":"49","author":"A Dhote","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dhote A, Tzedakis S, Hobeika C et al (2023) Impact of induction therapy in locally advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Eur J Surg Oncol 49(10):106939. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejso.2023.05.014","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"8","key":"3630_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4608","DOI":"10.1097\/JS9.0000000000001540","volume":"110","author":"S Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang S, Wang Y, Zhu C et al (2024) Conversion surgery intervention versus continued systemic therapy in patients with a response after PD-1\/PD-L1 inhibitor-based combination therapy for initially unresectable biliary tract cancer: a retrospective cohort study. Int J Surg 110(8):4608\u20134616. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/JS9.0000000000001540","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"3630_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1002\/jhbp.1437","volume":"31","author":"Y Yabushita","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yabushita Y, Park JS, Yoon YS et al (2024) Conversion surgery for initially unresectable locally advanced biliary tract cancer: a multicenter collaborative study conducted in Japan and Korea. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci 31(7):481\u2013491. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jhbp.1437","journal-title":"J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"3630_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1002\/ags3.12713","volume":"7","author":"I Nakamura","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nakamura I, Hatano E, Baba H et al (2023) Impact of conversion surgery after chemotherapy in patients with initially unresectable and recurrent biliary tract cancer. Ann Gastroenterol Surg 7(6):1009\u20131020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ags3.12713","journal-title":"Ann Gastroenterol Surg"},{"issue":"9","key":"3630_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2910","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-018-4558-1","volume":"42","author":"T Sumiyoshi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sumiyoshi T, Shima Y, Okabayashi T et al (2018) Chemoradiotherapy for initially unresectable locally Advanced Cholangiocarcinoma. World J Surg 42(9):2910\u20132918. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00268-018-4558-1","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"3630_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2019.0270","volume":"5","author":"RT Shroff","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shroff RT, Javle MM, Xiao L et al (2019) Gemcitabine, cisplatin, and nab-paclitaxel for the treatment of advanced biliary tract cancers: a phase 2 clinical trial. JAMA Oncol 5(6):824\u2013830. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaoncol.2019.0270","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"key":"3630_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jhbp.12066","author":"N Okano","year":"2024","unstructured":"Okano N, Kawai M, Ueno M et al (2024) Outcomes of patients with initially unresectable pancreatic cancer who underwent conversion surgery after FOLFIRINOX or gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel chemotherapy: a multicenter retrospective cohort study (PC-CURE-1). J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci (Epub Ahead Print). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jhbp.12066","journal-title":"J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci (Epub Ahead Print)"},{"key":"3630_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crphar.2022.100152","volume":"4","author":"HT Rakshith","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rakshith HT, Lohita S, Rebello AP et al (2023) Sex differences in drug effects and\/or toxicity in oncology. Curr Res Pharmacol Drug Discov 4:100152. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.crphar.2022.100152","journal-title":"Curr Res Pharmacol Drug Discov"},{"issue":"8","key":"3630_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"znae179","DOI":"10.1093\/bjs\/znae179","volume":"111","author":"F Jochum","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jochum F, Hamy AS, Gougis P et al (2024) Sex-related differences in oncological surgery and postoperative outcomes: comprehensive, nationwide study in France. Br J Surg 111(8):znae179. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bjs\/znae179","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"3630_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2008.01.010","volume":"143","author":"S Seo","year":"2008","unstructured":"Seo S, Hatano E, Higashi T et al (2008) Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography predicts lymph node metastasis, P-glycoprotein expression, and recurrence after resection in mass-forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Surgery 143(6):769\u2013777. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.surg.2008.01.010","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"1","key":"3630_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1007\/s00280-017-3353-2","volume":"80","author":"BJ Kim","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kim BJ, Hyung J, Yoo C et al (2017) Prognostic factors in patients with advanced biliary tract cancer treated with first-line gemcitabine plus cisplatin: retrospective analysis of 740 patients. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 80(1):209\u2013215. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00280-017-3353-2","journal-title":"Cancer Chemother Pharmacol"},{"issue":"10372","key":"3630_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)02038-4","volume":"401","author":"K Nakachi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nakachi K, Ikeda M, Konishi M et al (2023) Adjuvant S-1 compared with observation in resected biliary tract cancer (JCOG1202, ASCOT): a multicentre, open-label, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet 401(10372):195\u2013203. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)02038-4","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"3630_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/s00423-024-03233-y","volume":"409","author":"T Sumiyoshi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sumiyoshi T, Uemura K, Shintakuya R et al (2024) Prognostic impact of peritoneal washing cytology in patients with biliary tract cancer. Langenbecks Arch Surg 409(1):45. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00423-024-03233-y","journal-title":"Langenbecks Arch Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"3630_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1002\/jhbp.870","volume":"28","author":"M Nagino","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nagino M, Hirano S, Yoshitomi H et al (2021) Clinical practice guidelines for the management of biliary tract cancers 2019: the 3rd English edition. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci 28(1):26\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jhbp.870","journal-title":"J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"3630_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(24)00095-5","volume":"9","author":"DY Oh","year":"2024","unstructured":"Oh DY, He AR, Bouattour M et al (2024) Durvalumab or placebo plus gemcitabine and cisplatin in participants with advanced biliary tract cancer (TOPAZ-1): updated overall survival from a randomised phase 3 study. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 9(8):694\u2013704. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2468-1253(24)00095-5","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"10391","key":"3630_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1853","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)00727-4","volume":"401","author":"RK Kelley","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kelley RK, Ueno M, Yoo C et al (2023) Pembrolizumab in combination with gemcitabine and cisplatin compared with gemcitabine and cisplatin alone for patients with advanced biliary tract cancer (KEYNOTE-966): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet 401(10391):1853\u20131865. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)00727-4","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"3630_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1109292","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1109292","volume":"14","author":"C Zhu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhu C, Xue J, Wang Y et al (2023) Efficacy and safety of lenvatinib combined with PD-1\/PD-L1 inhibitors plus Gemox chemotherapy in advanced biliary tract cancer. Front Immunol 14:1109292. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1109292","journal-title":"Front Immunol"}],"container-title":["Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00423-025-03630-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00423-025-03630-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00423-025-03630-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,7]],"date-time":"2025-02-07T00:32:59Z","timestamp":1738888379000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00423-025-03630-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,7]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3630"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00423-025-03630-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1435-2451"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1435-2451","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 October 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 January 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 February 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not needed.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics statement"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"63"}}