{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T12:03:45Z","timestamp":1790251425304,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790208000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":85,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Langenbecks Arch Surg"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00423-026-04123-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:36:06Z","timestamp":1782866166000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Osteosarcopenia as a prognostic indicator of gastric cancer compared with established nutritional markers"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"411","author":[{"given":"Keiichiro","family":"Ryujin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetsuro","family":"Kawazoe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuo","family":"Tsuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kensuke","family":"Kudou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomonori","family":"Nakanoko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitsuhiko","family":"Ota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koji","family":"Ando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eiji","family":"Oki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomoharu","family":"Yoshizumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"16","key":"4123_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2452","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v29.i16.2452","volume":"29","author":"WJ Yang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yang WJ, Zhao HP, Yu Y, Wang JH, Guo L, Liu JY, Pu J, Lv J (2023) Updates on global epidemiology, risk and prognostic factors of gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol 29(16):2452\u20132468. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3748\/wjg.v29.i16.2452","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"4123_CR2","unstructured":"Cancer Statistics in Japan (1958) \u20132022 https:\/\/ganjoho.jp\/reg_stat\/statistics\/data\/dl\/en.html. Accessed 29 September 2025"},{"issue":"1","key":"4123_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/9146042","volume":"2020","author":"T Fang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fang T, Wang Y, Yin X, Zhai Z, Zhang Y, Yang Y, You Q, Li Z, Ma Y, Li C, Song H, Shi H, Zhang Y, Yu X, Gao H, Sun Y, Xie R, Xue Y (2020) Diagnostic sensitivity of NLR and PLR in early diagnosis of gastric cancer. J Immunol Res 2020(1):9146042. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2020\/9146042","journal-title":"J Immunol Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"4123_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2647","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-013-2926-5","volume":"20","author":"K Migita","year":"2013","unstructured":"Migita K, Takayama T, Saeki K, Matsumoto S, Wakatsuki K, Enomoto K, Tanaka T, Ito M, Kurumatani N, Nakajima Y (2013) The prognostic nutritional index predicts long-term outcomes of gastric cancer patients independent of tumor stage. Ann Surg Oncol 20(8):2647\u20132654. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1245\/s10434-013-2926-5","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4123_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1007\/s00423-024-03574-8","volume":"410","author":"Y Hirase","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hirase Y, Arigami T, Matsushita D, Shimonosono M, Tsuruda Y, Sasaki K, Baba K, Kawasaki Y, Ohtsuka T (2024) Prognostic significance of osteosarcopenia in patients with stage IV gastric cancer undergoing conversion surgery. Langenbecks Arch Surg 410(1):7. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00423-024-03574-8","journal-title":"Langenbecks Arch Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"4123_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2059","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-020-08821-y","volume":"28","author":"K Kudou","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kudou K, Nakashima Y, Haruta Y, Nambara S, Tsuda Y, Kusumoto E, Ando K, Kimura Y, Hashimoto K, Yoshinaga K, Saeki H, Oki E, Sakaguchi Y, Kusumoto T, Ikejiri K, Shimokawa M, Mori M (2021) Comparison of inflammation-based prognostic scores associated with the prognostic impact of adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction and upper gastric cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 28(4):2059\u20132067. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1245\/s10434-020-08821-y","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4123_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2012.262","volume":"107","author":"X Jiang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jiang X, Hiki N, Nunobe S, Kumagai K, Kubota T, Aikou S, Sano T, Yamaguchi T (2012) Prognostic importance of the inflammation-based Glasgow prognostic score in patients with gastric cancer. Br J Cancer 107(2):275\u2013279. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/bjc.2012.262","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"4123_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12893-019-0593-6","volume":"19","author":"K Takagi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Takagi K, Domagala P, Polak WG, Buettner S, Wijnhoven BPL, Ijzermans JNM (2019) Prognostic significance of the controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score in patients undergoing gastrectomy for gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Surg 19(1):129. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12893-019-0593-6","journal-title":"BMC Surg"},{"key":"4123_CR9","volume-title":"Japanese Classification of Gastric Carcinoma","author":"Japanese Gastric Cancer Association","year":"2017","unstructured":"Japanese Gastric Cancer Association (2017) Japanese Classification of Gastric Carcinoma. Kanehara, Tokyo"},{"issue":"1","key":"4123_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18359","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-69397-1","volume":"14","author":"NA du Foss\u00e9","year":"2024","unstructured":"du Foss\u00e9 NA, Grootjans W, Navas A, Appelman-Dijkstra NM, Elzo Kraemer CV, van Westerloo DJ, de Jonge E (2024) Exploring bone density analysis on routine CT scans as a tool for opportunistic osteoporosis screening. Sci Rep 14(1):18359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-024-69397-1","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"11","key":"4123_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0278135","volume":"17","author":"N Jovanovic","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jovanovic N, Chinnery T, Mattonen SA, Palma DA, Doyle PC, Theurer JA (2022) Sarcopenia in head and neck cancer: a scoping review. PLoS One 17(11):e0278135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0278135","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"4123_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1007\/s10120-017-0744-3","volume":"21","author":"D Kuroda","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kuroda D, Sawayama H, Kurashige J, Iwatsuki M, Eto T, Tokunaga R, Kitano Y, Yamamura K, Ouchi M, Nakamura K, Baba Y, Sakamoto Y, Yamashita Y, Yoshida N, Chikamoto A, Baba H (2018) Controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score is a prognostic marker for gastric cancer patients after curative resection. Gastric Cancer 21(2):204\u2013212. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10120-017-0744-3","journal-title":"Gastric Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"4123_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1159\/000362601","volume":"87","author":"S Takeno","year":"2014","unstructured":"Takeno S, Hashimoto T, Shibata R, Maki K, Shiwaku H, Yamana I, Yamashita R, Yamashita Y (2014) The high-sensitivity modified Glasgow prognostic score is superior to the modified Glasgow prognostic score as a prognostic predictor in patients with resectable gastric cancer. Oncology 87(4):205\u2013214. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000362601","journal-title":"Oncology"},{"issue":"5","key":"4123_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1016\/s1470-2045(10)70218-7","volume":"12","author":"K Fearon","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fearon K, Strasser F, Anker SD, Bosaeus I, Bruera E, Fainsinger RL, Jatoi A, Loprinzi C, MacDonald N, Mantovani G, Davis M, Muscaritoli M, Ottery F, Radbruch L, Ravasco P, Walsh D, Wilcock A, Kaasa S, Baracos VE (2011) Definition and classification of cancer cachexia: an international consensus. Lancet Oncol 12(5):489\u2013495. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s1470-2045(10)70218-7","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"8","key":"4123_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3665","DOI":"10.21873\/anticanres.16548","volume":"43","author":"S Shimizu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Shimizu S, Matsunaga T, Sawata S, Sakano YU, Makinoya M, Shishido Y, Miyatani K, Kono Y, Murakami Y, Hanaki T, Kihara K, Yamamoto M, Tokuyasu N, Takano S, Sakamoto T, Hasegawa T, Fujiwara Y (2023) Preoperative osteopenia is a risk factor for death in patients undergoing gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Anticancer Res 43(8):3665\u20133672. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21873\/anticanres.16548","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"4123_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1002\/ags3.12635","volume":"7","author":"N Fukushima","year":"2023","unstructured":"Fukushima N, Tsuboi K, Nyumura Y, Hoshino M, Masuda T, Suzuki T, Kajimoto T, Yano F, Eto K (2023) Prognostic significance of preoperative osteopenia on outcomes after gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Ann Gastroenterol Surg 7(2):255\u2013264. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ags3.12635","journal-title":"Ann Gastroenterol Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"4123_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1625","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-018-6452-3","volume":"25","author":"T Kawamura","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kawamura T, Makuuchi R, Tokunaga M, Tanizawa Y, Bando E, Yasui H, Aoyama T, Inano T, Terashima M (2018) Long-term outcomes of gastric cancer patients with preoperative sarcopenia. Ann Surg Oncol 25(6):1625\u20131632. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1245\/s10434-018-6452-3","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"4123_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2241","DOI":"10.21873\/anticanres.13340","volume":"39","author":"K Kuwada","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kuwada K, Kuroda S, Kikuchi S, Yoshida R, Nishizaki M, Kagawa S, Fujiwara T (2019) Clinical impact of sarcopenia on gastric cancer. Anticancer Res 39(5):2241. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21873\/anticanres.13340","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"4123_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2024.108004","volume":"50","author":"H-L Zheng","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zheng H-L, Wei L-H, Xu B-B, Zheng H-H, Xue Z, Chen Q-Y, Xie J-W, Zheng C-H, Huang C-M, Lin J-X, Li P (2024) Prognostic value of preoperative sarcopenia in gastric cancer: a 10-year follow-up study. Eur J Surg Oncol 50(3):108004. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejso.2024.108004","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"4123_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1017\/s0007114521001446","volume":"127","author":"B Vangelov","year":"2022","unstructured":"Vangelov B, Bauer J, Kotevski D, Smee RI (2022) The use of alternate vertebral levels to L3 in computed tomography scans for skeletal muscle mass evaluation and sarcopenia assessment in patients with cancer: a systematic review. Br J Nutr 127(5):722\u2013735. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0007114521001446","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"issue":"5","key":"4123_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1093\/jjco\/hyaf003","volume":"55","author":"W Kai","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kai W, Takano Y, Kobayashi Y, Kanno H, Hanyu N, Eto K (2025) Impact of osteosarcopenia on short- and long-term outcomes in patients with gastric cancer. Jpn J Clin Oncol 55(5):477\u2013483. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jjco\/hyaf003","journal-title":"Jpn J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"9","key":"4123_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1007\/s00595-024-02847-5","volume":"54","author":"K Hayasaka","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hayasaka K, Notsuda H, Onodera K, Watanabe T, Watanabe Y, Suzuki T, Hirama T, Oishi H, Niikawa H, Okada Y (2024) Prognostic value of perioperative changes in the prognostic nutritional index in patients with surgically resected non-small cell lung cancer. Surg Today 54(9):1031\u20131040. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00595-024-02847-5","journal-title":"Surg Today"},{"issue":"7","key":"4123_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1007\/s00595-024-02987-8","volume":"55","author":"M Takahashi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Takahashi M, Aoyama A, Hamaji M, Sozu T, Kobayashi M, Nakagawa T, Ishikawa M, Miyahara R, Huang CL, Fujinaga T, Sakai H, Katakura H, Sonobe M, Okumura N, Kayawake H, Menju T, Miyamoto E, Miyata R, Okada H, Kono T, Sumitomo R, Date N, Fukada T, Matsumoto A, Sakaguchi Y, Date H (2025) Clinical significance of the preoperative prognostic nutritional index in patients with resectable non-small cell lung cancer: a multicenter study. Surg Today 55(7):918\u2013929. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00595-024-02987-8","journal-title":"Surg Today"},{"issue":"30","key":"4123_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10537","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i30.10537","volume":"20","author":"N Jiang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jiang N, Deng JY, Ding XW, Ke B, Liu N, Zhang RP, Liang H (2014) Prognostic nutritional index predicts postoperative complications and long-term outcomes of gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol 20(30):10537\u201310544. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3748\/wjg.v20.i30.10537","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"4123_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2023.112191","volume":"116","author":"H Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang H, Shi J, Xie H, Liu X, Ruan G, Lin S, Ge Y, Liu C, Chen Y, Zheng X, Song M, Yang M, Zhang X, Shi H-P (2023) Superiority of CRP-albumin-lymphocyte index as a prognostic biomarker for patients with gastric cancer. Nutrition 116:112191. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nut.2023.112191","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"issue":"9","key":"4123_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.1007\/s10147-022-02202-z","volume":"27","author":"Y Wada","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wada Y, Nishi M, Yoshikawa K, Takasu C, Tokunaga T, Nakao T, Kashihara H, Yoshimoto T, Shimada M (2022) Preoperative nutrition and exercise intervention in frailty patients with gastric cancer undergoing gastrectomy. Int J Clin Oncol 27(9):1421\u20131427. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10147-022-02202-z","journal-title":"Int J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"7","key":"4123_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gassur.2005.04.020","volume":"9","author":"Y Suzuki","year":"2005","unstructured":"Suzuki Y, Ishibashi Y, Omura N, Kawasaki N, Kashiwagi H, Yanaga K, Abo M, Urashima M (2005) Alendronate improves vitamin D-resistant osteopenia triggered by gastrectomy in patients with gastric cancer followed long term. J Gastrointest Surg 9(7):955\u2013960. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gassur.2005.04.020","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"4123_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e31824f1af4","volume":"46","author":"JS Lim","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lim JS, Jin SH, Kim SB, Lee JI (2012) Effect of bisphosphonates on bone mineral density and fracture prevention in gastric cancer patients after gastrectomy. J Clin Gastroenterol 46(8):669\u2013674. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MCG.0b013e31824f1af4","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"4","key":"4123_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2018.07.003","volume":"217","author":"K Kudou","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kudou K, Saeki H, Nakashima Y, Sasaki S, Jogo T, Hirose K, Hu Q, Tsuda Y, Kimura K, Nakanishi R, Kubo N, Ando K, Oki E, Ikeda T, Maehara Y (2019) Postoperative development of sarcopenia is a strong predictor of a poor prognosis in patients with adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction and upper gastric cancer. Am J Surg 217(4):757\u2013763. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2018.07.003","journal-title":"Am J Surg"}],"container-title":["Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00423-026-04123-1","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00423-026-04123-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00423-026-04123-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T11:02:36Z","timestamp":1790247756000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00423-026-04123-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4123"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00423-026-04123-1","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-9331253\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1435-2451"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1435-2451","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 April 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 June 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 July 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"All procedures were performed in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committees on human experimentation (institutional and national) and the Helsinki Declaration of 1964 and its later versions. The Ethics Review Committee of Kyushu University Graduate School of Medicine Sciences approved the study protocol, and informed consent was obtained from all patients (approval no. 23329).","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics statement","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"248"}}