{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T20:51:53Z","timestamp":1791406313959,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790899200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Langenbecks Arch Surg"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 6-month abstinence period before listing patients with alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) for liver transplantation (LT) is the current standard practice at many transplant centers worldwide. Its prognostic validity is, however, debated because it has not been prospectively validated, and because many ALD patients do not survive long enough to make it onto the waitlist.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with the guidelines put forth by Cochrane and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Three databases (PubMed\/Medline, Scopus and Cochrane Library) were searched to identify studies comparing early (eLT) and standard LT (sLT).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twelve studies comparing eLT and sLT for ALD were included, encompassing 2323 patients with ALD. Mortality [Risk ratio (RR)\u2009=\u20090.94, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.73\u20131.22] and patient survival [Hazard Ratio (HR)\u2009=\u20091.10, 95% CI: 0.83\u20131.45] did not differ significantly between eLT and sLT. Any alcohol relapse was more frequent following eLT but did not reach significance in the primary analysis (RR\u2009=\u20091.37, 95%CI: 0.95-2.00). This association became statistically significant on leave-one-out and subgroup analyses. Early LT patients had a higher risk of acute graft rejection (RR\u2009=\u20091.22, 95% CI: 0.98\u20131.52) but comparable graft loss (RR\u2009=\u20090.97, 95% CI: 0.74\u20131.27). Post-operative risk of infection did not differ significantly (RR\u2009=\u20091.19, 95% CI: 0.80\u20131.77), but eLT was associated with longer hospitalization [Mean Difference (MD)\u2009=\u20095.24 days, 95% CI: 0.15\u201310.33].<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Early LT offers survival similar to sLT and is a reasonable option when medical therapy fails. However, the equivocal evidence of higher morbidity and alcohol relapse, and the longer hospitalization, support careful multidisciplinary selection and close post-transplant surveillance, particularly among recipients with alcohol-related hepatitis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00423-026-04310-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T14:04:54Z","timestamp":1790949894000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clinical outcomes of early versus standard liver transplantation in patients with alcohol-related liver disease: a meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"411","author":[{"given":"Solonas","family":"Symeou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin Lee Boon","family":"Chun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanouil","family":"Sinakos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georgios","family":"Tsoulfas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Austin D.","family":"Schenk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"4310_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-022-00688-6","volume":"20","author":"DQ Huang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Huang DQ, Mathurin P, Cortez-Pinto H, Loomba R (2022) Global epidemiology of alcohol-associated cirrhosis and HCC: trends, projections and risk factors. Nat Reviews Gastroenterol Hepatol 20(1):37\u201349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41575-022-00688-6","journal-title":"Nat Reviews Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4310_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-023-15749-x","volume":"23","author":"X Niu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Niu X, Zhu L, Xu Y et al (2023) Global prevalence, incidence, and outcomes of alcohol related liver diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health 23(1):859. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-023-15749-x","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"4310_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2023.03.017","volume":"79","author":"H Devarbhavi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Devarbhavi H, Asrani SK, Arab JP, Nartey YA, Pose E, Kamath PS (2023) Global burden of liver disease: 2023 update. J Hepatol 79(2):516\u2013537. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhep.2023.03.017","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"7","key":"4310_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0328493","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0328493","volume":"20","author":"H Duo","year":"2025","unstructured":"Duo H, You J, Du S et al (2025) Liver cirrhosis in 2021: Global Burden of Disease study. PLoS ONE 20(7):e0328493. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0328493","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"4310_CR5","unstructured":"\u200cScientific Registry of Transplant Recipients (SRTR) OPTN\/SRTR 2023 Annual Data Report: Liver Available from: https:\/\/srtr.transplant.hrsa.gov\/ADR\/Chapter?name=Liver&year=2023"},{"issue":"3","key":"4310_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.70434","volume":"63","author":"GJK Ho","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ho GJK, Gnanavelou M, Lim RY et al (2025) Waitlist and Post-Transplant Outcomes in liver transplantation for Alcohol\u2010Associated Liver Disease: an Individual Patient Data Meta\u2010Analysis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 63(3):330\u2013340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/apt.70434","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"4310_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1002\/ueg2.12548","volume":"12","author":"G Germani","year":"2024","unstructured":"Germani G, Degr\u00e9 D, Moreno C, Burra P (2024) Workup and management of liver transplantation in alcohol-related liver disease. United Eur Gastroenterol J 12(2):203\u2013209. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ueg2.12548","journal-title":"United Eur Gastroenterol J"},{"issue":"14","key":"4310_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4423","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v21.i14.4423","volume":"21","author":"A Obed","year":"2015","unstructured":"Obed A (2015) Six month abstinence rule for liver transplantation in severe alcoholic liver disease patients. World J Gastroenterol 21(14):4423. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3748\/wjg.v21.i14.4423","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"4310_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lucey MR, Brown KA, Everson GT et al (1998) Minimal criteria for placement of adults on the liver transplant waiting list Transplantation. 66(7):956\u2013962. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00007890-199810150-00034","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199810150-00034"},{"key":"4310_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/318627","volume":"2012","author":"AN Mukerji","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mukerji AN, Patel V, Jain A (2012) Improving survival in decompensated cirrhosis. Int J Hepatol 2012:1\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2012\/318627","journal-title":"Int J Hepatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4310_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina60020311","volume":"60","author":"AM Singeap","year":"2024","unstructured":"Singeap AM, Minea H, Petrea O et al (2024) Real-World Utilization of corticosteroids in severe alcoholic hepatitis: eligibility, response, and outcomes. Medicina 60(2):311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/medicina60020311","journal-title":"Medicina"},{"issue":"19","key":"4310_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1790","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1105703","volume":"365","author":"P Mathurin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mathurin P, Moreno C, Samuel D et al (2011) Early liver transplantation for severe alcoholic hepatitis. N Engl J Med 365(19):1790\u20131800. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1105703","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"4310_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2018.04.009","volume":"155","author":"BP Lee","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lee BP, Mehta N, Platt L et al (2018) Outcomes of Early Liver Transplantation for Patients With Severe Alcoholic Hepatitis. Gastroenterology 155(2):422\u2013430e1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.gastro.2018.04.009","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"5","key":"4310_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(21)00430-1","volume":"7","author":"A Louvet","year":"2022","unstructured":"Louvet A, Labreuche J, Moreno C et al (2022) Early liver transplantation for severe alcohol-related hepatitis not responding to medical treatment: a prospective controlled study. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 7(5):416\u2013425. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2468-1253(21)00430-1","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"7","key":"4310_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1007\/s00423-018-1720-z","volume":"403","author":"M Al-Saeedi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Al-Saeedi M, Barout MH, Probst P et al (2018) Meta-analysis of patient survival and rate of alcohol relapse in liver-transplanted patients for acute alcoholic hepatitis. Langenbeck S Archives Surg 403(7):825\u2013836. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00423-018-1720-z","journal-title":"Langenbeck S Archives Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"4310_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.14740\/gr1674","volume":"17","author":"Y Zafar","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zafar Y, Siddiqi AK, Shaikh N et al (2024) Alcohol Relapse After Early Liver Transplantation in Patients With Alcoholic Liver Disease: A Meta-Analysis. Gastroenterol Res 17(1):10\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14740\/gr1674","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"4310_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70566","DOI":"10.1111\/ctr.70566","volume":"40","author":"A Elgenidi","year":"2026","unstructured":"Elgenidi A, Alomari O, Mohamed MT et al (2026) Early Liver Transplantation for Alcohol-Associated Hepatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis. Clin Transplant 40(5):e70566. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ctr.70566","journal-title":"Clin Transplant"},{"issue":"2","key":"4310_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agx098","volume":"53","author":"S Kodali","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kodali S, Kaif M, Tariq R, Singal AK (2018) Alcohol Relapse After Liver Transplantation for Alcoholic Cirrhosis-Impact on Liver Graft and Patient Survival: A Meta-analysis. Alcohol Alcohol 53(2):166\u2013172. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/alcalc\/agx098","journal-title":"Alcohol Alcohol"},{"key":"4310_CR19","unstructured":"Higgins JPT, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ et al (eds) (2024) (s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 6.5 (updated August 2024). Cochrane, Available from www.cochrane.org\/handbook"},{"key":"4310_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"n71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","volume":"372","author":"MJ Page","year":"2021","unstructured":"Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM et al (2021) The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ 372:n71. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.n71","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"4310_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"i4919","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i4919","volume":"355","author":"JA Sterne","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sterne JA, Hern\u00e1n MA, Reeves BC et al (2016) ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions. BMJ 355:i4919. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.i4919","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"4310_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-021-01308-8","volume":"21","author":"N Liu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liu N, Zhou Y, Lee JJ (2021) IPDfromKM: reconstruct individual patient data from published Kaplan-Meier survival curves. BMC Med Res Methodol 21(1):111. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12874-021-01308-8. Published 2021 Jun 1","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"issue":"5","key":"4310_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.6002\/ect.2020.0189","volume":"19","author":"O Andacoglu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Andacoglu O, \u00d6zbek U, Liu J et al (2021) Comparison of 1-Year Morbidity Following Liver Transplant for Acute Alcoholic Hepatitis Versus Alcoholic Cirrhosis. Exp Clin Transpl 19(5):439\u2013444. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.6002\/ect.2020.0189","journal-title":"Exp Clin Transpl"},{"key":"4310_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.liver.2023.100184","volume":"12","author":"A Asgharpour","year":"2023","unstructured":"Asgharpour A, Sterling R, Smirnova E et al (2023) Early liver transplantation for severe alcohol-associated hepatitis: A single-center experience. J Liver Transplantation 12:100184. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.liver.2023.100184","journal-title":"J Liver Transplantation"},{"issue":"6","key":"4310_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1896","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.08.004","volume":"161","author":"L Carrique","year":"2021","unstructured":"Carrique L, Quance J, Tan A et al (2021) Results of early transplantation for Alcohol-Related Cirrhosis: Integrated addiction treatment with low rate of relapse. Gastroenterology 161(6):1896\u20131906e2. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.08.004","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"4","key":"4310_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2025.02.028","volume":"57","author":"S Fu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Fu S, Pan JH, Kadri H et al (2025) Perioperative Outcomes of Limited Sobriety Versus Standard Sobriety Liver Transplantation for Alcohol-associated Liver Disease. Transpl Proc 57(4):585\u2013592. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.transproceed.2025.02.028","journal-title":"Transpl Proc"},{"issue":"11","key":"4310_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2021.3748","volume":"156","author":"KM Herrick-Reynolds","year":"2021","unstructured":"Herrick-Reynolds KM, Punchhi G, Greenberg RS et al (2021) Evaluation of Early vs Standard Liver Transplant for Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease. JAMA Surg 156(11):1026. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamasurg.2021.3748","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"key":"4310_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e951641","DOI":"10.12659\/aot.951641","volume":"31","author":"HC Hung","year":"2026","unstructured":"Hung HC, Wu TH, Lai Y et al (2026) Outcomes of liver transplantation without alcohol abstinence in Alcohol-Associated hepatitis with original MELD score\u2009\u2265\u200930. Ann Transplant 31:e951641. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12659\/aot.951641","journal-title":"Ann Transplant"},{"key":"4310_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.liver.2024.100240","volume":"16","author":"K Legg","year":"2024","unstructured":"Legg K, Sparkes T, Booth I et al (2024) Short-term alcohol abstinence prior to liver transplantation and impact on rejection. J Liver Transplantation 16:100240. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.liver.2024.100240","journal-title":"J Liver Transplantation"},{"issue":"4","key":"4310_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1776","DOI":"10.1097\/txd.0000000000001776","volume":"11","author":"AM Meinders","year":"2025","unstructured":"Meinders AM, Connor AA, Ontiveros J et al (2025) Outcomes for early liver transplantation for alcohol-associated liver disease in high-acuity liver transplant recipients with alcohol use disorder. Transplantation Direct 11(4):e1776. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/txd.0000000000001776","journal-title":"Transplantation Direct"},{"issue":"8","key":"4310_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1646","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2024.04.025","volume":"22","author":"JA Musto","year":"2024","unstructured":"Musto JA, Palmer G, Nemer M et al (2024) Early liver transplant for alcohol-associated liver disease has excellent survival but higher rates of harmful alcohol use. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 22(8):1646\u20131656e2. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cgh.2024.04.025","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"4310_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.500030308","volume":"3","author":"AO Shakil","year":"1997","unstructured":"Shakil AO, Pinna A, Demetris J, Lee RG, Fung JJ, Rakela J (1997) Survival and quality of life after liver transplantation for acute alcoholic hepatitis. Liver Transplantation Surg 3(3):240\u2013244. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lt.500030308","journal-title":"Liver Transplantation Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"4310_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1398","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.25544","volume":"55","author":"AK Singal","year":"2011","unstructured":"Singal AK, Bashar H, Anand BS, Jampana SC, Singal V, Kuo YF (2011) Outcomes after liver transplantation for alcoholic hepatitis are similar to alcoholic cirrhosis: Exploratory analysis from the UNOS database. Hepatology 55(5):1398\u20131405. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hep.25544","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"4310_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.13586","volume":"16","author":"GY Im","year":"2015","unstructured":"Im GY, Kim-Schluger L, Shenoy A et al (2015) Early liver transplantation for severe alcoholic hepatitis in the United States\u2014A Single-Center experience. Am J Transplant 16(3):841\u2013849. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ajt.13586","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"issue":"3","key":"4310_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2024.04.009","volume":"18","author":"D Feng","year":"2024","unstructured":"Feng D, Hwang S, Guillot A et al (2024) Inflammation in Alcohol-Associated Hepatitis: Pathogenesis and therapeutic targets. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 18(3):101352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2024.04.009","journal-title":"Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"10","key":"4310_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1190","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-025-01291-w","volume":"22","author":"H Shen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Shen H, Liangpunsakul S, Iwakiri Y, Szabo G, Wang H (2025) Immunological mechanisms and emerging therapeutic targets in alcohol-associated liver disease. Cell Mol Immunol 22(10):1190\u20131204. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41423-025-01291-w","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4310_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2025.05.023","volume":"196","author":"G Sarode","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sarode G, Hsu MF, Haj FG et al (2025) IL-6 trans-Signaling regulates neutrophilic inflammation in Alcohol-Associated hepatitis. Am J Pathol 196(1):223\u2013240. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajpath.2025.05.023","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"issue":"6","key":"4310_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1002\/cld.959","volume":"15","author":"T Kitajima","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kitajima T, Nagai S, Moonka D, Segal A, Abouljoud MS (2020) It is not all about pretransplant factors: posttransplant complications alter the risk of alcohol relapse. Clin Liver Disease 15(6):239\u2013242. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cld.959","journal-title":"Clin Liver Disease"},{"issue":"1","key":"4310_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psym.2018.06.008","volume":"60","author":"TD Schneekloth","year":"2018","unstructured":"Schneekloth TD, Hitschfeld MJ, Petterson TM et al (2018) Psychosocial risk impacts mortality in women after liver transplantation. Psychosomatics 60(1):56\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psym.2018.06.008","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"issue":"3","key":"4310_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1097\/lvt.0000000000000732","volume":"32","author":"TG Cotter","year":"2025","unstructured":"Cotter TG, Anouti A, VanWagner LB et al (2025) Early liver transplantation in alcohol-associated liver disease\u2014Evolution of practice, patient selection, management, and outcomes. Liver Transpl 32(3):428\u2013443. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lvt.0000000000000732","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"issue":"17","key":"4310_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.4254\/wjh.v9.i17.771","volume":"9","author":"J Lim","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lim J, Curry MP, Sundaram V (2017) Risk factors and outcomes associated with alcohol relapse after liver transplantation. World J Hepatol 9(17):771. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4254\/wjh.v9.i17.771","journal-title":"World J Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4310_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-019-1050-9","volume":"19","author":"L Chuncharunee","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chuncharunee L, Yamashiki N, Thakkinstian A, Sobhonslidsuk A (2019) Alcohol relapse and its predictors after liver transplantation for alcoholic liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Gastroenterol 19(1):150. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12876-019-1050-9","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4310_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aohep.2025.102177","volume":"31","author":"CHW Choy","year":"2025","unstructured":"Choy CHW, Suen HKH, Wong TCL et al (2025) Outcomes and risk of relapse after living donor and deceased donor liver transplantation for alcohol-associated liver disease. Ann Hepatol 31(1):102177. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aohep.2025.102177","journal-title":"Ann Hepatol"},{"issue":"12","key":"4310_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5995","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_1401_20","volume":"9","author":"A Arun","year":"2020","unstructured":"Arun A, Ilangovan N, Rajma J (2020) Risk factors for alcohol use relapse after abstinence in patients with alcoholic liver disease. J Family Med Prim Care 9(12):5995. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_1401_20","journal-title":"J Family Med Prim Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"4310_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.23797","volume":"20","author":"H Egawa","year":"2013","unstructured":"Egawa H, Nishimura K, Teramukai S et al (2013) Risk factors for alcohol relapse after liver transplantation for alcoholic cirrhosis in Japan. Liver Transpl 20(3):298\u2013310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lt.23797","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"4310_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.12659\/aot.905646","volume":"23","author":"A Gong","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gong A, Minuk GY (2018) Predictors of alcohol relapse following liver transplantation for Alcohol-Induced Liver Failure. Consideration of A\u2013D selection criteria. Ann Transplant 23:129\u2013135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12659\/aot.905646","journal-title":"Ann Transplant"},{"issue":"3","key":"4310_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2021.05.019","volume":"75","author":"P Mathurin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mathurin P (2021) Early liver transplantation for acute alcoholic hepatitis: We can\u2019t say no. J Hepatol 75(3):718\u2013722. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhep.2021.05.019","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"4310_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ags3.70193","author":"A Obana","year":"2026","unstructured":"Obana A, Montgomery G, Akabane M et al (2026) Multifactor risk stratification for Post-Transplant alcohol relapse using abstinence, psychosocial, and socioeconomic factors. Annals Gastroenterological Surg Febr. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ags3.70193","journal-title":"Annals Gastroenterological Surg Febr"},{"issue":"2","key":"4310_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psym.2011.12.012","volume":"53","author":"JR Maldonado","year":"2012","unstructured":"Maldonado JR, Dubois HC, David EE et al (2012) The Stanford Integrated Psychosocial Assessment for Transplantation (SIPAT): a new tool for the psychosocial evaluation of pre-transplant candidates. Psychosomatics 53(2):123\u2013132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psym.2011.12.012","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"issue":"4","key":"4310_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1477","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.30478","volume":"69","author":"BP Lee","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lee BP, Vittinghoff E, Hsu C et al (2018) Predicting low risk for sustained alcohol use after early liver transplant for acute alcoholic hepatitis: The Sustained Alcohol Use Post\u2013Liver Transplant Score. Hepatology 69(4):1477\u20131487. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hep.30478","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"4310_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/s13030-026-00352-4","volume":"20","author":"A Olivero","year":"2026","unstructured":"Olivero A, Miniotti M, Godono A, Leombruni P (2026) A scoping review of the Stanford Integrated Psychosocial Assessment for Transplantation (SIPAT) for use with liver transplant candidates. Biopsychosoc Med 20(1):4 Published 2026 Feb 7. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13030-026-00352-4","journal-title":"Biopsychosoc Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"4310_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100853","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gastha.2025.100853","volume":"5","author":"V Pedulla","year":"2025","unstructured":"Pedulla V, Kaplan A (2025) Alcohol Relapse After Liver Transplantation: Advances in Risk Stratification, Biomarker Integration, and Post-Transplant Care. Gastro Hep Adv 5(3):100853 Published 2025 Dec 2. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gastha.2025.100853","journal-title":"Gastro Hep Adv"},{"issue":"3","key":"4310_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R117","DOI":"10.1186\/cc9068","volume":"14","author":"CE Oberkofler","year":"2010","unstructured":"Oberkofler CE, Dutkowski P, Stocker R et al (2010) Model of end stage liver disease (MELD) score greater than 23 predicts length of stay in the ICU but not mortality in liver transplant recipients. Crit Care 14(3):R117. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/cc9068","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"4310_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2021.12.011","volume":"80","author":"S Kant","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kant S, Kronbichler A, Geetha D (2022) Principles of Immunosuppression in the Management of Kidney Disease: Core Curriculum 2022. Am J Kidney Dis 80(3):393\u2013405. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.ajkd.2021.12.011","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"4310_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics15010090","volume":"15","author":"S Aydin","year":"2026","unstructured":"Aydin S, Sahin M, Ceylan B et al (2026) Clinical Outcomes of Bloodstream Infections in Liver Transplant Recipients: A Ten-Year Single-Center Retrospective Analysis, from T\u00fcrkiye. Antibiotics 15(1):90. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/antibiotics15010090","journal-title":"Antibiotics"},{"issue":"3","key":"4310_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.21731","volume":"15","author":"JO Smith","year":"2009","unstructured":"Smith JO, Shiffman ML, Behnke M et al (2009) Incidence of prolonged length of stay after orthotopic liver transplantation and its influence on outcomes. Liver Transpl 15(3):273\u2013279. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lt.21731","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"issue":"1","key":"4310_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.26215","volume":"28","author":"GY Im","year":"2021","unstructured":"Im GY, Vogel AS, Florman S et al (2021) Extensive health care utilization and costs of an early liver transplantation program for alcoholic hepatitis. Liver Transpl 28(1):27\u201338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lt.26215","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"issue":"3","key":"4310_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1097\/HEP.0000000000000825","volume":"80","author":"J Gratac\u00f3s-Gin\u00e8s","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gratac\u00f3s-Gin\u00e8s J, Ruz-Zafra P, Celada-Sendino M et al (2024) Recurrent alcohol-associated hepatitis is common and is associated with increased mortality. Hepatology 80(3):621\u2013632. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/HEP.0000000000000825","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"4310_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000002405","volume":"119","author":"J Julien","year":"2023","unstructured":"Julien J, Ayer T, Tapper EB, Chhatwal J (2023) The rising costs of Alcohol-Associated liver disease in the United States. Am J Gastroenterol 119(2):270\u2013277. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14309\/ajg.0000000000002405","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"}],"container-title":["Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00423-026-04310-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00423-026-04310-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00423-026-04310-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T20:03:20Z","timestamp":1791403400000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00423-026-04310-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4310"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00423-026-04310-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1435-2451"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1435-2451","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 August 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 September 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 October 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"266"}}