{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T03:21:06Z","timestamp":1790824866048,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,18]],"date-time":"2014-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1392681600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pflugers Arch - Eur J Physiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-014-1466-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,17]],"date-time":"2014-02-17T14:25:40Z","timestamp":1392647140000},"page":"747-755","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["The T-type calcium channel as a new therapeutic target for Parkinson\u2019s disease"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"466","author":[{"given":"Ya-Chin","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun-Hwei","family":"Tai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming-Kai","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chung-Chin","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"1466_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(89)90074-X","volume":"12","author":"RL Albin","year":"1989","unstructured":"Albin RL, Young AB, Penney JB (1989) The functional anatomy of basal ganglia disorders. Trends Neurosci 12:366\u2013375","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"1466_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(90)90107-L","volume":"13","author":"GE Alexander","year":"1990","unstructured":"Alexander GE, Crutcher MD (1990) Functional architecture of basal ganglia circuits: neural substrates of parallel processing. Trends Neurosci 13:266\u2013271","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"1466_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2008.154948","volume":"80","author":"L Alvarez","year":"2009","unstructured":"Alvarez L, Macias R, Pav\u00f3n N, L\u00f3pez G, Rodr\u00edguez-Oroz MC, Rodr\u00edguez R, Alvarez M, Pedroso I, Teijeiro J, Fern\u00e1ndez R, Casabona E, Salazar S, Maragoto C, Carballo M, Garc\u00eda I, Guridi J, Juncos JL, DeLong MR, Obeso JA (2009) Therapeutic efficacy of unilateral subthalamotomy in Parkinson\u2019s disease: results in 89 patients followed for up to 36 months. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 80:979\u2013985","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"1466_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Amtage F, Henschel K, Schelter B, Vesper J, Timmer J, Lucking CH, Hellwig B (2008) Tremor-correlated neuronal activity in the subthalamic nucleus of Parkinsonian patients. Neurosci Lett 442:195\u2013199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2008.06.087"},{"key":"1466_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1995.sp020612","volume":"483","author":"T Bal","year":"1995","unstructured":"Bal T, von Krosigk M, McCormick DA (1995) Synaptic and membrane mechanisms underlying synchronized oscillations in the ferret lateral geniculate nucleus in vitro. J Physiol 483:641\u2013663","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1466_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(08)70291-6","volume":"8","author":"AL Benabid","year":"2009","unstructured":"Benabid AL, Chabardes S, Mitrofanis J, Pollak P (2009) Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus for the treatment of Parkinson\u2019s disease. Lancet Neurol 8(1):67\u201381","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"issue":"1\u20134","key":"1466_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1159\/000098600","volume":"62","author":"AL Benabid","year":"1994","unstructured":"Benabid AL, Pollak P, Gross C, Hoffmann D, Benazzouz A, Gao DM, Laurent A, Gentil M, Perret J (1994) Acute and long-term effects of subthalamic nucleus stimulation in Parkinson\u2019s disease. Stereotact Funct Neurosurg 62(1\u20134):76\u201384","journal-title":"Stereotact Funct Neurosurg"},{"key":"1466_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Benazzouz A, Breit S, Koudsie A, Pollak P, Krack P, Benabid AL (2002) Intraoperative microrecordings of the subthalamic nucleus in Parkinson\u2019s disease. Mov Disord 17(Suppl 3):S145\u2013S149","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.10156"},{"issue":"2","key":"1466_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1994.72.2.507","volume":"72","author":"H Bergman","year":"1994","unstructured":"Bergman H, Wichmann T, Karmon B, DeLong MR (1994) The primate subthalamic nucleus. II. Neuronal activity in the MPTP model of parkinsonism. J Neurophysiol 72(2):507\u2013520","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1466_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1951","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.2000.83.4.1951","volume":"83","author":"C Beurrier","year":"2000","unstructured":"Beurrier C, Bioulac B, Hammond C (2000) Slowly inactivating sodium current (I(NaP)) underlies single spike activity in rat subthalamic neurons. J Neurophysiol 83(4):1951\u20131957","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1466_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.19-02-00599.1999","volume":"19","author":"C Beurrier","year":"1999","unstructured":"Beurrier C, Congar P, Bioulac B, Hammond C (1999) Subthalamic nucleus neurons switch from single-spike activity to burst-firing mode. J Neurosci 19(2):599\u2013609","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"17","key":"1466_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7617","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.19-17-07617.1999","volume":"19","author":"MD Bevan","year":"1999","unstructured":"Bevan MD, Wilson CJ (1999) Mechanisms underlying spontaneous oscillation and rhythmic firing in rat subthalamic neurons. J Neurosci 19(17):7617\u20137628","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"1466_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1572","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamem.2012.07.028","volume":"1828","author":"SM Cain","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cain SM, Snutch TP (2013) T-type calcium channels in burst-firing, network synchrony, and epilepsy. Biochim Biophys Acta 1828:1572\u20131578","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"1466_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cragg S, Baufreton J, Xue Y, Bolam J, Bevan MD (2004) Synaptic release of dopamine in the subthalamic nucleus. Eur J Neurosci 20(7):1788\u20131802","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2004.03629.x"},{"key":"1466_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(90)90110-V","volume":"13","author":"MR DeLong","year":"1990","unstructured":"DeLong MR (1990) Primate models of movement disorders of basal ganglia origin. Trends Neurosci 13:281\u2013285","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"1466_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.64.1.20","volume":"64","author":"MR DeLong","year":"2007","unstructured":"DeLong MR, Wichmann T (2007) Circuits and circuit disorders of the basal ganglia. Arch Neurol 64:20\u201324","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1466_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(03)00360-X","volume":"39","author":"MT Do","year":"2003","unstructured":"Do MT, Bean BP (2003) Subthreshold sodium currents and pacemaking of subthalamic neurons: modulation by slow inactivation. Neuron 39(1):109\u2013120","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"1466_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1097\/00004691-199603000-00004","volume":"13","author":"RJ Elble","year":"1996","unstructured":"Elble RJ (1996) Central mechanisms of tremor. J Clin Neurophysiol 13:133\u2013144","journal-title":"J Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"1466_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02054-7","volume":"355","author":"RJ Elble","year":"2000","unstructured":"Elble RJ (2000) Origins of tremor. Lancet 355:1113\u20131114","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"13","key":"1466_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3412","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5274-05.2006","volume":"26","author":"A Enomoto","year":"2006","unstructured":"Enomoto A, Han JM, Hsiao CF, Wu N, Chandler SH (2006) Participation of sodium currents in burst generation and control of membrane excitability in mesencephalic trigeminal neurons. J Neurosci 26(13):3412\u20133422","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"1466_CR21","first-page":"142","volume":"547","author":"M Filion","year":"1991","unstructured":"Filion M, Tremblay L (1991) Abnormal spontaneous activity of globus pallidus neurons in monkeys with MPTP-induced parkinsonism. Brain Res 547:142\u2013151","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"1466_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Francois C, Savy C, Jan C, Tande D, Hirsch EC, Yelnik J (2000) Dopaminergic innervations of the subthalamic nucleus in the normal state, in MPTP treated monkeys, and in Parkinson\u2019s disease patients. J Comp Neurol 425:121\u2013129","DOI":"10.1002\/1096-9861(20000911)425:1<121::AID-CNE10>3.0.CO;2-G"},{"issue":"8","key":"1466_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1586","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.03-08-01586.1983","volume":"3","author":"AP Georgopoulos","year":"1983","unstructured":"Georgopoulos AP, DeLong MR, Crutcher MD (1983) Relations between parameters of step-tracking movements and single cell discharge in the globus pallidus and subthalamic nucleus of the behaving monkey. J Neurosci 3(8):1586\u20131598","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"1466_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1429","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2147780","volume":"250","author":"CR Gerfen","year":"1990","unstructured":"Gerfen CR, Engber TM, Mahan LC, Susel Z, Chase TN, Monsma FJ Jr, Sibley DR (1990) D1 and D2 dopamine receptor-regulated gene expression of striatonigral and striatopallidal neurons. Science 250:1429\u20131432","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"1466_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Govindaiah\u00a0G, Cox\u00a0CL (2005) Excitatory actions of dopamine via D1-like receptors in the rat lateral geniculate nucleus. J Neurophysiol 94:3708\u20133718","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00583.2005"},{"key":"1466_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guridi J, Herrero MT, Luquin MR, Guillen J, Ruberg M, Laguna J, Vila M, Javoy-Agid F, Agid Y, Hirsch E, Obeso JA (1996) Subthalamotomy in parkinsonian monkeys. Behavioural and biochemical analysis. Brain 119(5):1717\u20131727","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/119.5.1717"},{"issue":"2","key":"1466_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-211-33081-4_15","volume":"97","author":"C Hamani","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hamani C, Neimat JS, Lozano AM (2007) Deep brain stimulation and chemical neuromodulation: current use and perspectives for the future. Acta Neurochir 97(2):127\u2013133","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir"},{"issue":"2","key":"1466_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(98)00765-9","volume":"92","author":"OK Hassani","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hassani OK, F\u00e9ger J (1999) Effects of intrasubthalamic injection of dopamine receptor agonists on subthalamic neurons in normal and 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats: an electrophysiological and c-Fos study. Neuroscience 92(2):533\u2013543","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"1466_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hellwig B, Haussler S, Lauk M, Guschlbauer B, Koster B, Kristeva-Feige R,\u00a0Timmer J, L\u00fccking CH (2000) Tremor-correlated cortical activity detected by electroencephalography. Clin Neurophysiol 111:806\u2013809","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-2457(00)00248-0"},{"key":"1466_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.2000.80.3.953","volume":"80","author":"O Hikosaka","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hikosaka O, Takikawa Y, Kawagoe R (2000) Role of the basal ganglia in the control of purposive saccadic eye movements. Physiol Rev 80:953\u2013978","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"1466_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Holder JL Jr, Wilfong AA (2011) Zonisamide in the treatment of epilepsy. Expert Opin Pharmacother 12(16):2573\u20132581","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.2011.622268"},{"key":"1466_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(92)91108-Q","volume":"590","author":"JR Hollerman","year":"1992","unstructured":"Hollerman JR, Grace AA (1992) Subthalamic nucleus cell firing in the 6-OHDA-treated rat: basal activity and response to haloperidol. Brain Res 590:291\u2013299","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"1466_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1674","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.4.1674","volume":"96","author":"JM Hurtado","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hurtado JM, Gray CM, Tamas LB, Sigvardt KA (1999) Dynamics of tremor-related oscillations in the human globus pallidus: a single case study. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 96:1674\u20131679","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"1466_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hutchison WD, Allan RJ, Opitz H, Levy R, Dostrovsky JO, Lang AE, Lozano AM (1998) Neurophysiological identification of the subthalamic nucleus in surgery for Parkinson\u2019s disease. Ann Neurol 44:622\u2013628","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410440407"},{"key":"1466_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1984.sp015153","volume":"349","author":"H Jahnsen","year":"1984","unstructured":"Jahnsen H, Llinas R (1984) Electrophysiological properties of guinea-pig thalamic neurones: an in vitro study. J Physiol 349:205\u2013226","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"1466_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1984.sp015154","volume":"349","author":"H Jahnsen","year":"1984","unstructured":"Jahnsen H, Llinas R (1984) Ionic basis for the electro-responsiveness and oscillatory properties of guinea-pig thalamic neurones in vitro. J Physiol 349:227\u2013247","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"1466_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/S1059-1311(96)80104-X","volume":"5","author":"M Kito","year":"1996","unstructured":"Kito M, Maehara M, Watanabe K (1996) Mechanisms of T-type calcium channel blockade by zonisamide. Seizure 5:115\u2013119","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"1466_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1676","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)64273-0","volume":"350","author":"P Krack","year":"1997","unstructured":"Krack P, Limousin P, Benabid AL, Pollak P (1997) Chronic stimulation of subthalamic nucleus improves levodopa-induced dyskinesias in Parkinson\u2019s disease. Lancet 350:1676","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"17","key":"1466_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6807","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.17-17-06807.1997","volume":"17","author":"DS Kreiss","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kreiss DS, Mastropietro CW, Rawji SS, Walters JR (1997) The response of subthalamic nucleus neurons to dopamine receptor stimulation in a rodent model of Parkinson\u2019s disease. J Neurosci 17(17):6807\u20136819","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"1466_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/117.3.531","volume":"117","author":"FA Lenz","year":"1994","unstructured":"Lenz FA, Kwan HC, Martin RL, Tasker RR, Dostrovsky JO, Lenz YE (1994) Single unit analysis of the human ventral thalamic nuclear group. Tremor-related activity in functionally identified cells. Brain 117(3):531\u2013543","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"Suppl 5","key":"1466_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S23","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1999.tb00916.x","volume":"40","author":"IE Leppik","year":"1999","unstructured":"Leppik IE (1999) Zonisamide. Epilepsia 40(Suppl 5):S23\u2013S29","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"1466_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Limousin P, Krack P, Pollak P, Benazzouz A, Ardouin C, Hoffmann D, Benabid AL (1998) Electrical stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in advanced Parkinson\u2019s disease. N Engl J Med 339:1105\u20131111","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199810153391603"},{"key":"1466_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Llinas R, Jahnsen H (1982) Electrophysiology of mammalian thalamic neurones in vitro. Nature 297:406\u2013408","DOI":"10.1038\/297406a0"},{"key":"1466_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Limousin P, Pollak P, Benazzouz A, Hoffmann D, Broussolle E, Perret JE, Benabid AL (1995) Bilateral subthalamic nucleus stimulation for severe Parkinson\u2019s disease. Mov Disord 10(5):672\u2013674","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.870100523"},{"issue":"8942","key":"1466_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(95)90062-4","volume":"345","author":"P Limousin","year":"1995","unstructured":"Limousin P, Pollak P, Benazzouz A, Hoffmann D, Le Bas JF, Broussolle E, Perret JE, Benabid AL (1995) Effect of parkinsonian signs and symptoms of bilateral subthalamic nucleus stimulation. Lancet 345(8942):91\u201395","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1466_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1981.sp013763","volume":"315","author":"R Llinas","year":"1981","unstructured":"Llinas R, Yarom Y (1981) Electrophysiology of mammalian inferior olivary neurones in vitro. Different types of voltage-dependent ionic conductances. J Physiol 315:549\u2013567","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"issue":"14","key":"1466_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3875","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4439-05.2006","volume":"26","author":"N Mallet","year":"2006","unstructured":"Mallet N, Ballion B, Le Moine C, Gonon F (2006) Cortical inputs and GABA interneurons imbalance projection neurons in the striatum of parkinsonian rats. J Neurosci 26(14):3875\u20133884","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"1466_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(87)90332-0","volume":"21","author":"R Marchand","year":"1987","unstructured":"Marchand R (1987) Histogenesis of the subthalamic nucleus. Neuroscience 21:183\u2013195","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"1466_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2008.11.010","volume":"83","author":"N Matar","year":"2009","unstructured":"Matar N, Jin W, Wrubel H, Hescheler J, Schneider T, Weiergr\u00e4ber M (2009) Zonisamide block of cloned human T-type voltage-gated calcium channels. Epilepsy Res 83:224\u2013234","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"key":"1466_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1016\/0959-4388(94)90056-6","volume":"4","author":"DA McCormick","year":"1994","unstructured":"McCormick DA, Bal T (1994) Sensory gating mechanisms of the thalamus. Curr Opin Neurobiol 4:550\u2013556","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurobiol"},{"key":"1466_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.20.1.185","volume":"20","author":"DA McCormick","year":"1997","unstructured":"McCormick DA, Bal T (1997) Sleep and arousal: thalamocortical mechanisms. Annu Rev Neurosci 20:185\u2013215","journal-title":"Annu Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"1466_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1097\/00007691-199812000-00001","volume":"20","author":"T Mimaki","year":"1998","unstructured":"Mimaki T (1998) Clinical pharmacology and therapeutic drug monitoring of zonisamide. Ther Drug Monit 20:593\u2013597","journal-title":"Ther Drug Monit"},{"key":"1466_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-0082(96)00042-1","volume":"50","author":"JW Mink","year":"1996","unstructured":"Mink JW (1996) The basal ganglia: focused selection and inhibition of competing motor programs. Prog Neurobiol 50:381\u2013425","journal-title":"Prog Neurobiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"1466_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.60.10.1365","volume":"60","author":"JW Mink","year":"2003","unstructured":"Mink JW (2003) The basal ganglia and involuntary movements: impaired inhibition of competing motor patterns. Arch Neurol 60(10):1365\u20131368","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"issue":"9","key":"1466_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1586\/14737175.7.9.1077","volume":"7","author":"H Miwa","year":"2007","unstructured":"Miwa H (2007) Zonisamide for the treatment of Parkinson\u2019s disease. Expert Rev Neurother 7(9):1077\u20131083","journal-title":"Expert Rev Neurother"},{"key":"1466_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000250236.75053.16","volume":"68","author":"M Murata","year":"2007","unstructured":"Murata M, Hasegawa K, Kanazawa I, Japan Zonisamide on PD Study Group (2007) Zonisamide improves motor function in Parkinson disease: a randomized, double-blind study. Neurology 68:45\u201350","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"1466_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-0102(01)00298-X","volume":"41","author":"M Murata","year":"2001","unstructured":"Murata M, Horiuchi E, Kanazawa I (2001) Zonisamide has beneficial effects on Parkinson\u2019s disease patients. Neurosci Res 41:397\u2013399","journal-title":"Neurosci Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"1466_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(87)91524-1","volume":"437","author":"H Nakanishi","year":"1987","unstructured":"Nakanishi H, Kita H, Kitai ST (1987) Electrical membrane properties of rat subthalamic neurons in an in vitro slice preparation. Brain Res 437(1):35\u201344","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"1466_CR59","first-page":"IV1","volume":"252","author":"A Nambu","year":"2005","unstructured":"Nambu A (2005) A new approach to understand the pathophysiology of Parkinson\u2019s disease. J Neurol 252(Suppl 4):IV1\u2013IV4","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1466_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-0102(02)00027-5","volume":"43","author":"A Nambu","year":"2002","unstructured":"Nambu A, Tokuno H, Takada M (2002) Functional significance of the cortico-subthalamo-pallidal \u2018hyperdirect\u2019 pathway. Neurosci Res 43(2):111\u2013117","journal-title":"Neurosci Res"},{"key":"1466_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(01)02219-3","volume":"899","author":"ZG Ni","year":"2001","unstructured":"Ni ZG, Bouali-Benazzouz R, Gao DM, Benabid AL, Benazzouz A (2001) Time-course of changes in firing rates and firing patterns of subthalamic nucleus neuronal activity after 6-OHDA-induced dopamine depletion in rats. Brain Res 899:142\u2013147","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"1466_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-006-0510-4","volume":"191","author":"SM Nicola","year":"2007","unstructured":"Nicola SM (2007) The nucleus accumbens as part of a basal ganglia action selection circuit. Psychopharmacology (Berlin) 191:521\u2013550","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berlin)"},{"key":"1466_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S8","DOI":"10.1016\/S1471-1931(00)00028-8","volume":"23","author":"JA Obeso","year":"2000","unstructured":"Obeso JA, Rodriguez-Oroz MC, Rodriguez M, Lanciego JL, Artieda J, Gonzalo N, Olanow CW (2000) Pathophysiology of the basal ganglia in Parkinson\u2019s disease. Trends Neurosci 23:S8\u2013S19","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"1466_CR64","first-page":"192","volume":"22","author":"KJ Oommen","year":"1999","unstructured":"Oommen KJ, Mathews S (1999) Zonisamide: a new antiepileptic drug. Clin Neuropharmacol 22:192\u2013200","journal-title":"Clin Neuropharmacol"},{"key":"1466_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.25.112701.142937","volume":"25","author":"MG Packard","year":"2002","unstructured":"Packard MG, Knowlton BJ (2002) Learning and memory functions of the basal ganglia. Annu Rev Neurosci 25:563\u2013593","journal-title":"Annu Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"1466_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00018.2002","volume":"83","author":"E Perez-Reyes","year":"2003","unstructured":"Perez-Reyes E (2003) Molecular physiology of low-voltage-activated T-type calcium channels. Physiol Rev 83:117\u2013161","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"issue":"6745","key":"1466_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1038\/23281","volume":"400","author":"D Plenz","year":"1999","unstructured":"Plenz D, Kital ST (1999) A basal ganglia pacemaker formed by the subthalamic nucleus and external globus pallidus. Nature 400(6745):677\u2013682","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1466_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reck C, Florin E, Wojtecki L, Krause H, Groiss S, Voges J,\u00a0Maarouf M, Sturm V, Schnitzler A, Timmermann L (2009) Characterisation of tremor-associated local field potentials in the subthalamic nucleus in Parkinson\u2019s disease. Eur J Neurosci 29:599\u2013612","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2008.06597.x"},{"key":"1466_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shimizu M, Uno H, Ito T, Masuda Y, Kurokawa M (1996) Research and development of zonisamide, a new type of antiepileptic drug. Yakugaku Zassi 116(7):533\u2013547","DOI":"10.1248\/yakushi1947.116.7_533"},{"key":"1466_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(97)00608-8","volume":"86","author":"Y Smith","year":"1998","unstructured":"Smith Y, Bevan MD, Shink E, Bolam JP (1998) Microcircuitry of the direct and indirect pathways of the basal ganglia. Neuroscience 86:353\u2013387","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"1466_CR71","volume-title":"Thalamic oscillations and signalling","author":"M Steriade","year":"1990","unstructured":"Steriade M, Jones EG, Llinas RR (1990) Thalamic oscillations and signalling. Wiley, New York"},{"key":"1466_CR72","volume-title":"Thalamus","author":"M Steriade","year":"1997","unstructured":"Steriade M, Jones EG, McCormick DA (1997) Thalamus. Elsevier Science, Oxford"},{"key":"1466_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2002.97.3.0598","volume":"97","author":"PC Su","year":"2002","unstructured":"Su PC, Tseng HM, Liu HM, Yen RF, Liou HH (2002) Subthalamotomy for advanced Parkinson disease. J Neurosurg 97:598\u2013606","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"1","key":"1466_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/0920-1211(92)90087-A","volume":"12","author":"S Suzuki","year":"1992","unstructured":"Suzuki S, Kawakami K, Nishimura S, Watanabe Y, Yagi K, Miyamoto K, Seino M (1992) Zonisamide blocks T-type calcium channel in cultured neurons of rat cerebral cortex. Epilepsy Res 12(1):21\u201327","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"1466_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.23618","volume":"72","author":"C-H Tai","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tai C-H, Pan M-K, Lin J-J, Huang C-S, Yang Y-C, Kuo C-C (2012) Subthalamic discharges as a causal determinant of parkinsonian motor deficits. Ann Neurol 72(3):464\u2013476","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"issue":"8","key":"1466_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3289","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI46482","volume":"121","author":"C-H Tai","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tai C-H, Yang Y-C, Pan M-K, Huang C-S, Kuo C-C (2011) Modulation of subthalamic T-type Ca2+ channels remedies locomotor deficits in a rat model of Parkinson disease. J Clin Invest 121(8):3289\u20133305","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"1466_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awg022","volume":"126","author":"L Timmermann","year":"2003","unstructured":"Timmermann L, Gross J, Dirks M, Volkmann J, Freund HJ, Schnitzler A (2003) The cerebral oscillatory network of parkinsonian resting tremor. Brain 126:199\u2013212","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"1466_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.05.058","volume":"S1","author":"HM Tseng","year":"2007","unstructured":"Tseng HM, Su PC, Liu HM, Liou HH, Yen RF (2007) Bilateral subthalamotomy for advanced Parkinson disease. Surg Neurol S1:43\u201351","journal-title":"Surg Neurol"},{"key":"1466_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vila M, P\u00e9rier C, F\u00e9ger J, Yelnik J, Faucheux B, Ruberg M, Raisman-Vozari R, Agid Y, Hirsch EC (2000) Evolution of changes in neuronal activity in the subthalamic nucleus of rats with unilateral lesion of the substantia nigra assessed by metabolic and electrophysiological measurements. Eur J Neurosci 12:337\u2013344","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9568.2000.00901.x"},{"key":"1466_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Volkmann J, Joliot M, Mogilner A, Ioannides AA, Lado F, Fazzini E,\u00a0Ribary U, Llin\u00e1s R (1996) Central motor loop oscillations in parkinsonian resting tremor revealed by magnetoencephalography. Neurology 46:1359\u20131370","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.46.5.1359"},{"issue":"2","key":"1466_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1994.72.2.494","volume":"72","author":"T Wichmann","year":"1994","unstructured":"Wichmann T, Bergman H, DeLong MR (1994) The primate subthalamic nucleus. I. Functional properties in intact animals. J Neurophysiol 72(2):494\u2013506","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"1466_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1985.tb05408.x","volume":"26","author":"AJ Wilensky","year":"1985","unstructured":"Wilensky AJ, Friel PN, Ojemann LM, Dodrill CB, McCormick KB, Levy RH (1985) Zonisamide in epilepsy: a pilot study. Epilepsia 26:212\u2013220","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"1466_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/0278-5846(92)90010-C","volume":"16","author":"K Yagi","year":"1992","unstructured":"Yagi K, Seino M (1992) Methodological requirements for clinical trials in refractory epilepsies\u2014\u2013our experience with zonisamide. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 16:79\u201385","journal-title":"Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"1466_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1919","volume":"7","author":"HH Yin","year":"2006","unstructured":"Yin HH, Knowlton BJ (2006) The role of the basal ganglia in habit formation. Nat Rev Neurosci 7:464\u2013476","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"}],"container-title":["Pfl\u00fcgers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00424-014-1466-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00424-014-1466-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00424-014-1466-6","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,7]],"date-time":"2019-08-07T17:56:32Z","timestamp":1565200592000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00424-014-1466-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,18]]},"references-count":84,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]}},"alternative-id":["1466"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00424-014-1466-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-6768","1432-2013"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-6768","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-2013","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,18]]}}}