{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T03:04:13Z","timestamp":1784775853455,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":201,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]],"date-time":"2023-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678233600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]],"date-time":"2023-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678233600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004593","name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pflugers Arch - Eur J Physiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>This historical review focuses on the evolution of the knowledge accumulated during the last two centuries on the biology of the adrenal medulla gland and its chromaffin cells (CCs). The review emerged in the context of a series of meetings that started on the Spanish island of Ibiza in 1982 with the name of the International Symposium on Chromaffin Cell Biology (ISCCB). Hence, the review is divided into two periods namely, before 1982 and from this year to 2022, when the 21st ISCCB meeting was just held in Hamburg, Germany. The first historical period extends back to 1852 when Albert K\u00f6lliker first described the fine structure and function of the adrenal medulla. Subsequently, the adrenal staining with chromate salts identified the CCs; this was followed by the establishment of the embryological origin of the adrenal medulla, and the identification of adrenaline-storing vesicles. By the end of the nineteenth century, the basic morphology, histochemistry, and embryology of the adrenal gland were known. The twentieth century began with breakthrough findings namely, the experiment of Elliott suggesting that adrenaline was the sympathetic neurotransmitter, the isolation of pure adrenaline, and the deciphering of its molecular structure and chemical synthesis in the laboratory. In the 1950s, Blaschko isolated the catecholamine-storing vesicles from adrenal medullary extracts. This switched the interest in CCs as models of sympathetic neurons with an explosion of studies concerning their functions, i.e., uptake of catecholamines by chromaffin vesicles through a specific coupled transport system; the identification of several vesicle components in addition to catecholamines including chromogranins, ATP, opioids, and other neuropeptides; the calcium-dependence of the release of catecholamines; the underlying mechanism of exocytosis of this release, as indicated by the co-release of proteins; the cross-talk between the adrenal cortex and the medulla; and the emission of neurite-like processes by CCs in culture, among other numerous findings. The 1980s began with the introduction of new high-resolution techniques such as patch-clamp, calcium probes, marine toxins-targeting ion channels and receptors, confocal microscopy, or amperometry. In this frame of technological advances at the Ibiza ISCCB meeting in 1982, 11 senior researchers in the field predicted a notable increase in our knowledge in the field of CCs and the adrenal medulla; this cumulative knowledge that occurred in the last 40\u00a0years of history of the CC is succinctly described in the second part of this historical review. It deals with cell excitability, ion channel currents, the exocytotic fusion pore, the handling of calcium ions by CCs, the kinetics of exocytosis and endocytosis, the exocytotic machinery, and the life cycle of secretory vesicles. These concepts together with studies on the dynamics of membrane fusion with super-resolution imaging techniques at the single-protein level were extensively reviewed by top scientists in the field at the 21st ISCCB meeting in Hamburg in the summer of 2022; this frontier topic is also briefly reviewed here. Many of the concepts arising from those studies contributed to our present understanding of synaptic transmission. This has been studied in physiological or pathophysiological conditions, in CCs from animal disease models. In conclusion, the lessons we have learned from CC biology as a peripheral model for brain and brain disease pertain more than ever to cutting-edge research in neurobiology. In the 22nd ISCCB meeting in Israel in 2024 that Uri Asheri is organizing, we will have the opportunity of seeing the progress of the questions posed in Ibiza, and on other questions that undoubtedly will arise.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-023-02793-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]],"date-time":"2023-03-08T11:02:47Z","timestamp":1678273367000},"page":"667-690","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Forty years of the adrenal chromaffin cell through ISCCB meetings around the world"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"475","author":[{"given":"Victoria","family":"Maneu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Borges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Gand\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio G.","family":"Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2793_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-0115(93)90269-E","volume":"47","author":"S Aardal","year":"1993","unstructured":"Aardal S, Galindo E, Aunis D, Helle KB (1993) Human chromostatin inhibits endothelin-1-induced contractures in human blood vessels. Regul Pept 47:25\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0167-0115(93)90269-E","journal-title":"Regul Pept"},{"key":"2793_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Abramov D, Guiberson NGL, Daab A, Na Y, Petsko GA, Sharma M, Burr\u00e9 J (2021) Targeted stabilization of Munc18\u20101 function via pharmacological chaperones. EMBO Mol Med 13. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15252\/emmm.202012354","DOI":"10.15252\/emmm.202012354"},{"key":"2793_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2017.11.003","volume":"10","author":"KD Abu-Bonsrah","year":"2018","unstructured":"Abu-Bonsrah KD, Zhang D, Bjorksten AR, Dottori M, Newgreen DF (2018) Generation of adrenal chromaffin-like cells from human pluripotent stem cells. Stem Cell Reports 10:134\u2013150. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.stemcr.2017.11.003","journal-title":"Stem Cell Reports"},{"key":"2793_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1038\/39081","volume":"389","author":"A Albillos","year":"1997","unstructured":"Albillos A, Dernick G, Horstmann H, Almers W, de Toledo GA, Lindau M (1997) The exocytotic event in chromaffin cells revealed by patch amperometry. Nature 389:509\u2013512. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/39081","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2793_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1246","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.76.3.1246","volume":"76","author":"L Aloe","year":"1979","unstructured":"Aloe L, Levi-Montalcini R (1979) Nerve growth factor-induced transformation of immature chromaffin cells in vivo into sympathetic neurons: effect of antiserum to nerve growth factor. Proc Natl Acad Sci 76:1246\u20131250. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.76.3.1246","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"2793_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.201889","author":"S Arora","year":"2017","unstructured":"Arora S, Saarloos I, Kooistra R, van de Bospoort R, Verhage M, Toonen RF (2017) SNAP-25 gene family members differentially support secretory vesicle fusion. J Cell Sci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/jcs.201889","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"key":"2793_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103809","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.103809","volume":"25","author":"G Arpino","year":"2022","unstructured":"Arpino G, Somasundaram A, Shin W, Ge L, Villareal S, Chan CY, Ashery U, Shupliakov O, Taraska JW, Wu L-G (2022) Clathrin-mediated endocytosis cooperates with bulk endocytosis to generate vesicles. iScience 25:103809. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.isci.2022.103809","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"2793_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1042\/bj0950490","volume":"95","author":"P Banks","year":"1965","unstructured":"Banks P (1965) The adenosine-triphosphatase activity of adrenal chromaffin granules. Biochem J 95:490\u2013496. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/bj0950490","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"2793_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40C","DOI":"10.1042\/bj0970040C","volume":"97","author":"P Banks","year":"1965","unstructured":"Banks P, Helle K (1965) The release of protein from the stimulated adrenal medulla. Biochem J 97:40C-41C. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/bj0970040C","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"2793_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111258","volume":"528","author":"N Bechmann","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bechmann N, Berger I, Bornstein SR, Steenblock C (2021) Adrenal medulla development and medullary-cortical interactions. Mol Cell Endocrinol 528:111258. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111258","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol"},{"key":"2793_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1002\/aja.1000690302","volume":"69","author":"H Bennett","year":"1941","unstructured":"Bennett H (1941) Cytological manifestations of secretion in the adrenal medulla of the cat. Am J Anat 69:381","journal-title":"Am J Anat"},{"key":"2793_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers11081121","volume":"11","author":"E Berends","year":"2019","unstructured":"Berends E, Fishbein H-S, Kema L, Lenders K (2019) Intricacies of the molecular machinery of catecholamine biosynthesis and secretion by chromaffin cells of the normal adrenal medulla and in pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma. Cancers (Basel) 11:1121. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cancers11081121","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"2793_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20242","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M310613200","volume":"279","author":"N Beuret","year":"2004","unstructured":"Beuret N, Stettler H, Renold A, Rutishauser J, Spiess M (2004) Expression of regulated secretory proteins is sufficient to generate granule-like structures in constitutively secreting cells. J Biol Chem 279:20242\u201320249. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.M310613200","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2793_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108966","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2021.108966","volume":"709","author":"B Binotti","year":"2021","unstructured":"Binotti B, Jahn R, P\u00e9rez-Lara \u00c1 (2021) An overview of the synaptic vesicle lipid composition. Arch Biochem Biophys 709:108966. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.abb.2021.108966","journal-title":"Arch Biochem Biophys"},{"key":"2793_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9177","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M113.450361","volume":"288","author":"MA Bittner","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bittner MA, Aikman RL, Holz RW (2013) A nibbling mechanism for clathrin-mediated retrieval of secretory granule membrane after exocytosis. J Biol Chem 288:9177\u20139188. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.M113.450361","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2793_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1038\/215058a0","volume":"215","author":"H Blaschko","year":"1967","unstructured":"Blaschko H, Comline RS, Schneider FH, Silver M, Smith AD (1967) Secretion of a chromaffin granule protein, chromogranin, from the adrenal gland after splanchnic stimulation. Nature 215:58\u201359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/215058a0","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2793_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Blaschko H, Welch AD (1953) Localization of adrenaline in cytoplasmic particles of the bovine adrenal medulla. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch Exp Pathol Pharmakol 219\u2013219. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00246245","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00246245"},{"key":"2793_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1007\/s11302-012-9330-7","volume":"9","author":"R Borges","year":"2013","unstructured":"Borges R (2013) The ATP or the natural history of neurotransmission. Purinergic Signal 9:5\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11302-012-9330-7","journal-title":"Purinergic Signal"},{"key":"2793_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2010.06786.x","volume":"114","author":"R Borges","year":"2010","unstructured":"Borges R, D\u00edaz-Vera J, Dom\u00ednguez N, Arnau MR, Machado JD (2010) Chromogranins as regulators of exocytosis. J Neurochem 114:335\u2013343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2010.06786.x","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"2793_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2011.176","volume":"17","author":"SR Bornstein","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bornstein SR, Ehrhart-Bornstein M, Androutsellis-Theotokis A, Eisenhofer G, Vukicevic V, Licinio J, Wong ML, Calissano P, Nistic\u00f2 G, Preziosi P, Levi-Montalcini R (2012) Chromaffin cells: the peripheral brain. Mol Psychiatry 17:354\u2013358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/mp.2011.176","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"2793_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3103","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa438","volume":"105","author":"SR Bornstein","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bornstein SR, Malyukov M, Heller C, Ziegler CG, Ruiz-Babot G, Schedl A, Ludwig B, Steenblock C (2020) New horizons: novel adrenal regenerative therapies. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 105:3103\u20133107. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa438","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2793_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-biophys-070816-034117","volume":"47","author":"AT Brunger","year":"2018","unstructured":"Brunger AT, Choi UB, Lai Y, Leitz J, Zhou Q (2018) Molecular mechanisms of fast neurotransmitter release. Annu Rev Biophys 47:469\u2013497. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev-biophys-070816-034117","journal-title":"Annu Rev Biophys"},{"key":"2793_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2006.01.005","volume":"27","author":"G Burnstock","year":"2006","unstructured":"Burnstock G (2006) Historical review: ATP as a neurotransmitter. Trends Pharmacol Sci 27:166\u2013176. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tips.2006.01.005","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"2793_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1705","DOI":"10.1113\/JP277487","volume":"597","author":"C Calorio","year":"2019","unstructured":"Calorio C, Gavello D, Guarina L, Salio C, Sasso\u00e8-Pognetto M, Riganti C, Bianchi FT, Hofer NT, Tuluc P, Obermair GJ, Defilippi P, Balzac F, Turco E, Bett GC, Rasmusson RL, Carbone E (2019) Impaired chromaffin cell excitability and exocytosis in autistic Timothy syndrome TS2-neo mouse rescued by L-type calcium channel blockers. J Physiol 597:1705\u20131733. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1113\/JP277487","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"2793_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22383","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M800552200","volume":"283","author":"M Camacho","year":"2008","unstructured":"Camacho M, Machado JD, Alvarez J, Borges R (2008) Intravesicular calcium release mediates the motion and exocytosis of secretory organelles. J Biol Chem 283:22383\u201322389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.M800552200","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2793_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1929.9.3.399","volume":"9","author":"WB Cannon","year":"1929","unstructured":"Cannon WB (1929) Organization for physiological homeostasis. Physiol Rev 9:399\u2013431. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/physrev.1929.9.3.399","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"2793_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2007.132274","volume":"584","author":"V Carabelli","year":"2007","unstructured":"Carabelli V, Marcantoni A, Comunanza V, De Luca A, D\u00edaz J, Borges R, Carbone E (2007) Chronic hypoxia up-regulates \u03b1 1H T-type channels and low-threshold catecholamine secretion in rat chromaffin cells. J Physiol 584:149\u2013165. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1113\/jphysiol.2007.132274","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"2793_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carbone E, Borges R, Eiden LE, Garc\u00eda AG, Hern\u00e1ndez\u2010Cruz A (2019) Chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla: physiology, pharmacology, and disease. In: Comprehensive Physiology. Wiley, 1443\u20131502","DOI":"10.1002\/cphy.c190003"},{"key":"2793_CR29","first-page":"47","volume":"6","author":"A Carlsson","year":"1962","unstructured":"Carlsson A, HIillarp NA, WAaldek B (1962) A Mg-ATP dependent storage mechanism in the amine granules of the adrenal medulla. Med Exp Int J Exp Med 6:47\u201353","journal-title":"Med Exp Int J Exp Med"},{"key":"2793_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carlsson A, Hillarp NA, Waldeck B (1963) Analysis of the Mg++-ATP dependent storage mechanism in the amine granules of the adrenal medulla. Acta Physiol Scand Suppl SUPPL215:1\u201338","DOI":"10.1159\/000135133"},{"key":"2793_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1038\/scientificamerican0885-40","volume":"253","author":"SW Carmichael","year":"1985","unstructured":"Carmichael SW, Winkler H (1985) The adrenal chromaffin cell. Sci Am 253:40\u201349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/scientificamerican0885-40","journal-title":"Sci Am"},{"key":"2793_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0854.2010.01125.x","volume":"12","author":"M Ceridono","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ceridono M, Ory S, Momboisse F, Chasserot-Golaz S, Houy S, Calco V, Haeberl\u00e9 A-M, Demais V, Bailly Y, Bader M-F, Gasman S (2011) Selective recapture of secretory granule components after full collapse exocytosis in neuroendocrine chromaffin cells. Traffic 12:72\u201388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0854.2010.01125.x","journal-title":"Traffic"},{"key":"2793_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102606","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceca.2022.102606","volume":"105","author":"C-W Chang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chang C-W, Hsiao Y-T, Scheuer KS, Jackson MB (2022) Full-fusion and kiss-and-run in chromaffin cells controlled by irreversible vesicle size-dependent fusion pore transitions. Cell Calcium 105:102606. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ceca.2022.102606","journal-title":"Cell Calcium"},{"key":"2793_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2815","DOI":"10.1021\/ja00034a009","volume":"114","author":"EL Ciolkowski","year":"1992","unstructured":"Ciolkowski EL, Cooper BR, Jankowski JA, Jorgenson JW, Wightman RM (1992) Direct observation of epinephrine and norepinephrine cosecretion from individual adrenal medullary chromaffin cells. J Am Chem Soc 114:2815\u20132821. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/ja00034a009","journal-title":"J Am Chem Soc"},{"key":"2793_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1038\/295663a0","volume":"295","author":"M Comb","year":"1982","unstructured":"Comb M, Seeburg PH, Adelman J, Eiden L, Herbert E (1982) Primary structure of the human Met- and Leu-enkephalin precursor and its mRNA. Nature 295:663\u2013666. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/295663a0","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2793_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4832-8363-0.50310-4","volume-title":"Catecholamines-basic and clinical frontiers","author":"E Costa","year":"1979","unstructured":"Costa E, Di Giulio A, Fratta W, Hong J, Yang H-Y (1979) Interaction of enkephalinergic neurons in CNS and periphery. Catecholamines-basic and clinical frontiers. Pergamon Press, New York, pp 1020\u20131025"},{"key":"2793_CR37","volume-title":"The natural history of the chromaffin cell","author":"R Coupland","year":"1965","unstructured":"Coupland R (1965) The natural history of the chromaffin cell. Longmans, London"},{"key":"2793_CR38","first-page":"231","volume":"99","author":"RE Coupland","year":"1965","unstructured":"Coupland RE (1965) Electron microscopic observations on the structure of the rat adrenal medulla. I. The ultrastructure and organization of chromaffin cells in the normal adrenal medulla. J Anat 99:231\u2013254","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"key":"2793_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11807","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M709832200","volume":"283","author":"M Courel","year":"2008","unstructured":"Courel M, Vasquez MS, Hook VY, Mahata SK, Taupenot L (2008) Sorting of the neuroendocrine secretory protein secretogranin II into the regulated secretory pathway. J Biol Chem 283:11807\u201311822. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.M709832200","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2793_CR40","first-page":"7","volume":"52","author":"W Cramer","year":"1918","unstructured":"Cramer W (1918) Futher observations on the thyroid-adrenal apparatus. A histochemical method fot he demonstration of adrenalin granules in the suprarenal gland. J Physiol 52:7\u201310","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"2793_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2010.12.017","volume":"508","author":"SC Daubner","year":"2011","unstructured":"Daubner SC, Le T, Wang S (2011) Tyrosine hydroxylase and regulation of dopamine synthesis. Arch Biochem Biophys 508:1\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.abb.2010.12.017","journal-title":"Arch Biochem Biophys"},{"key":"2793_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/S1043-2760(02)00011-5","volume":"14","author":"R Day","year":"2003","unstructured":"Day R, Gorr S-U (2003) Secretory granule biogenesis and chromogranin A: master gene, on\/off switch or assembly factor? Trends Endocrinol Metab 14:10\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1043-2760(02)00011-5","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2793_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109580","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.109580","volume":"36","author":"JB Delacruz","year":"2021","unstructured":"Delacruz JB, Sharma S, Rathore SS, Huang M, Lenz JS, Lindau M (2021) Fusion pores with low conductance are cation selective. Cell Rep 36:109580. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.109580","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"2793_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1111\/tra.12783","volume":"22","author":"E Dembla","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dembla E, Becherer U (2021) Biogenesis of large dense core vesicles in mouse chromaffin cells. Traffic 22:78\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/tra.12783","journal-title":"Traffic"},{"key":"2793_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-017-2066-z","volume":"470","author":"M Dhara","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dhara M, Mohrmann R, Bruns D (2018) v-SNARE function in chromaffin cells. Pfl\u00fcgers Arch - Eur J Physiol 470:169\u2013180. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00424-017-2066-z","journal-title":"Pfl\u00fcgers Arch - Eur J Physiol"},{"key":"2793_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2894-09.2010","volume":"30","author":"J Diaz-Vera","year":"2010","unstructured":"Diaz-Vera J, Morales YG, Hernandez-Fernaud JR, Camacho M, Montesinos MS, Calegari F, Huttner WB, Borges R, Machado JD (2010) Chromogranin B gene ablation reduces the catecholamine cargo and decelerates exocytosis in chromaffin secretory vesicles. J Neurosci 30:950\u2013957. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2894-09.2010","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"2793_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.11-181941","volume":"26","author":"J D\u00edaz-Vera","year":"2012","unstructured":"D\u00edaz-Vera J, Camacho M, Machado JD, Dom\u00ednguez N, Montesinos MS, Hern\u00e1ndez-Fernaud JR, Luj\u00e1n R, Borges R (2012) Chromogranins A and B are key proteins in amine accumulation, but the catecholamine secretory pathway is conserved without them. FASEB J 26:430\u2013438. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1096\/fj.11-181941","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"2793_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13090","DOI":"10.1111\/apha.13090","volume":"224","author":"AMG de Diego","year":"2018","unstructured":"de Diego AMG, Garc\u00eda AG (2018) Altered exocytosis in chromaffin cells from mouse models of neurodegenerative diseases. Acta Physiol 224:e13090. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/apha.13090","journal-title":"Acta Physiol"},{"key":"2793_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2012.10.082","volume":"428","author":"AMG de Diego","year":"2012","unstructured":"de Diego AMG, Lorrio S, Calvo-Gallardo E, Garc\u00eda AG (2012) Smaller quantal size and faster kinetics of single exocytotic events in chromaffin cells from the APP\/PS1 mouse model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 428:482\u2013486. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbrc.2012.10.082","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"2793_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1968.tb08474.x","volume":"34","author":"WW Douglas","year":"1968","unstructured":"Douglas WW (1968) Stimulus-secretion coupling: the concept and clues from chromaffin and other cells. Br J Pharmacol 34:451\u2013474. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1968.tb08474.x","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"2793_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1038\/1921299a0","volume":"192","author":"WW Douglas","year":"1961","unstructured":"Douglas WW, Poisner AM (1961) Stimulation of uptake of calcium-45 in the adrenal gland by acetylcholine. Nature 192:1299\u20131299. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/1921299a0","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2793_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1961.sp006791","volume":"159","author":"WW Douglas","year":"1961","unstructured":"Douglas WW, Rubin RP (1961) The role of calcium in the secretory response of the adrenal medulla to acetylcholine. J Physiol 159:40\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1113\/jphysiol.1961.sp006791","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"2793_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1899.2.2.203","volume":"2","author":"GP Dreyer","year":"1899","unstructured":"Dreyer GP (1899) On secretory nerves to the suprarenal capsules. Am J Physiol Content 2:203\u2013219. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajplegacy.1899.2.2.203","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Content"},{"key":"2793_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571-010-9571-3","volume":"30","author":"M Ehrhart-Bornstein","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ehrhart-Bornstein M, Vukicevic V, Chung K-F, Ahmad M, Bornstein SR (2010) Chromaffin progenitor cells from the adrenal medulla. Cell Mol Neurobiol 30:1417\u20131423. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10571-010-9571-3","journal-title":"Cell Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"2793_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1905.sp001093","volume":"32","author":"TR Elliott","year":"1905","unstructured":"Elliott TR (1905) The action of adrenalin. J Physiol 32:401\u2013467. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1113\/jphysiol.1905.sp001093","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"2793_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Est\u00e9vez-Herrera J, Dom\u00ednguez N, Pardo MR, Gonz\u00e1lez-Santana A, Westhead EW, Borges R, Machado JD (2016) ATP: the crucial component of secretory vesicles. Proc Natl Acad Sci 113. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1600690113","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1600690113"},{"key":"2793_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1515\/bmc-2013-0020","volume":"4","author":"J Estevez-Herrera","year":"2013","unstructured":"Estevez-Herrera J, Pardo MR, Dominguez N, Pereda D, Machado JD, Borges R (2013) The role of chromogranins in the secretory pathway. Biomol Concepts 4:605\u2013609. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/bmc-2013-0020","journal-title":"Biomol Concepts"},{"key":"2793_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1038\/157369b0","volume":"157","author":"U S v. Euler","year":"1946","unstructured":"U S v. Euler (1946) A substance with sympathin E properties in spleen extracts. Nature 157:369\u2013369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/157369b0","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2793_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01861295","volume":"168","author":"W Feldberg","year":"1932","unstructured":"Feldberg W, Mintz B (1932) Die wirkung von azetylcholin auf die nebennieren. Arch Exp Path Pharmak 168:287\u2013291","journal-title":"Arch Exp Path Pharmak"},{"key":"2793_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1982.sp014393","volume":"331","author":"EM Fenwick","year":"1982","unstructured":"Fenwick EM, Marty A, Neher E (1982) A patch-clamp study of bovine chromaffin cells and of their sensitivity to acetylcholine. J Physiol 331:577\u2013597. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1113\/jphysiol.1982.sp014393","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"2793_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1982.sp014394","volume":"331","author":"EM Fenwick","year":"1982","unstructured":"Fenwick EM, Marty A, Neher E (1982) Sodium and calcium channels in bovine chromaffin cells. J Physiol 331:599\u2013635. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1113\/jphysiol.1982.sp014394","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"2793_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1097\/nen.0b013e3180517454","volume":"66","author":"Y Fumimura","year":"2007","unstructured":"Fumimura Y, Ikemura M, Saito Y, Sengoku R, Kanemaru K, Sawabe M, Arai T, Ito G, Iwatsubo T, Fukayama M, Mizusawa H, Murayama S (2007) Analysis of the adrenal gland is useful for evaluating pathology of the peripheral autonomic nervous system in lewy body disease. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 66:354\u2013362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/nen.0b013e3180517454","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"2793_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-012-1074-2","volume":"464","author":"J Garc\u00eda-Sancho","year":"2012","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda-Sancho J, de Diego AMG, Garc\u00eda AG (2012) Mitochondria and chromaffin cell function. Pfl\u00fcgers Arch - Eur J Physiol 464:33\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00424-012-1074-2","journal-title":"Pfl\u00fcgers Arch - Eur J Physiol"},{"key":"2793_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00039.2005","volume":"86","author":"AG Garc\u00eda","year":"2006","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda AG, Garc\u00eda-De-Diego AM, Gand\u00eda L, Borges R, Garc\u00eda-Sancho J (2006) Calcium signaling and exocytosis in adrenal chromaffin cells. Physiol Rev 86:1093\u20131131. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/physrev.00039.2005","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"2793_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ge L, Shin W, Arpino G, Wei L, Chan CY, Bleck CKE, Zhao W, Wu L-G (2022) Sequential compound fusion and kiss-and-run mediate exo- and endocytosis in excitable cells. Sci Adv 8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.abm6049","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abm6049"},{"key":"2793_CR66","first-page":"51","volume":"38","author":"MJ Geisow","year":"1985","unstructured":"Geisow MJ, Childs J, Burgoyne RD (1985) Cholinergic stimulation of chromaffin cells induces rapid coating of the plasma membrane. Eur J Cell Biol 38:51\u201356","journal-title":"Eur J Cell Biol"},{"key":"2793_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1098\/rstl.1852.0018","volume":"142","author":"H Gray","year":"1852","unstructured":"Gray H (1852) On the development of the ductless glands of the chick. Philos Trans R Soc L B Biol Sci 142:295\u2013310","journal-title":"Philos Trans R Soc L B Biol Sci"},{"key":"2793_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2424","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.73.7.2424","volume":"73","author":"LA Greene","year":"1976","unstructured":"Greene LA, Tischler AS (1976) Establishment of a noradrenergic clonal line of rat adrenal pheochromocytoma cells which respond to nerve growth factor. Proc Natl Acad Sci 73:2424\u20132428. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.73.7.2424","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"2793_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1038\/295206a0","volume":"295","author":"U Gubler","year":"1982","unstructured":"Gubler U, Seeburg P, Hoffman BJ, Gage LP, Udenfriend S (1982) Molecular cloning establishes proenkephalin as precursor of enkephalin-containing peptides. Nature 295:206\u2013208. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/295206a0","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2793_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3986","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-06507-4","volume":"9","author":"NGL Guiberson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Guiberson NGL, Pineda A, Abramov D, Kharel P, Carnazza KE, Wragg RT, Dittman JS, Burr\u00e9 J (2018) Mechanism-based rescue of Munc18-1 dysfunction in varied encephalopathies by chemical chaperones. Nat Commun 9:3986. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-018-06507-4","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2793_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00656997","volume":"391","author":"OP Hamill","year":"1981","unstructured":"Hamill OP, Marty A, Neher E, Sakmann B, Sigworth FJ (1981) Improved patch-clamp techniques for high-resolution current recording from cells and cell-free membrane patches. Pfl\u00fcgers Arch - Eur J Physiol 391:85\u2013100. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00656997","journal-title":"Pfl\u00fcgers Arch - Eur J Physiol"},{"key":"2793_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1017\/S146479310400644X","volume":"79","author":"KB Helle","year":"2004","unstructured":"Helle KB (2004) The granin family of uniquely acidic proteins of the diffuse neuroendocrine system: comparative and functional aspects. Biol Rev 79:769\u2013794. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S146479310400644X","journal-title":"Biol Rev"},{"key":"2793_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2863","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-007-7254-0","volume":"64","author":"KB Helle","year":"2007","unstructured":"Helle KB, Corti A, Metz-Boutigue M-H, Tota B (2007) The endocrine role for chromogranin A: a prohormone for peptides with regulatory properties. Cell Mol Life Sci 64:2863\u20132886. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00018-007-7254-0","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"key":"2793_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1985.tb07556.x","volume":"123","author":"KB Helle","year":"1985","unstructured":"Helle KB, Reed RK, Pihl KE, Serck-Hanssen G (1985) Osmotic properties of the chromogranins and relation to osmotic pressure in catecholamine storage granules. Acta Physiol Scand 123:21\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1985.tb07556.x","journal-title":"Acta Physiol Scand"},{"key":"2793_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1935","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2005-0398","volume":"20","author":"GN Hendy","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hendy GN, Li T, Girard M, Feldstein RC, Mulay S, Desjardins R, Day R, Karaplis AC, Tremblay ML, Canaff L (2006) Targeted ablation of the chromogranin A (Chga) gene: normal neuroendocrine dense-core secretory granules and increased expression of other granins. Mol Endocrinol 20:1935\u20131947. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/me.2005-0398","journal-title":"Mol Endocrinol"},{"key":"2793_CR76","first-page":"143","volume":"24","author":"J Henle","year":"1865","unstructured":"Henle J (1865) Ueber das Gewebe der Nebbeniere und der Hypophyse. Z Rat Med 24:143\u2013152","journal-title":"Z Rat Med"},{"key":"2793_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Henry JP, Sagn\u00e9 C, Botton D, Isambert MF, Gasnier B (1997) Molecular pharmacology of the vesicular monoamine transporter. 236\u2013239","DOI":"10.1016\/S1054-3589(08)60736-X"},{"key":"2793_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1960.tb00078.x","volume":"47","author":"N-\u00c5 Hillarp","year":"1960","unstructured":"Hillarp N-\u00c5 (1960) Further observations on the state of the catecholamines stored in the adrenal medullary granules. Acta Physiol Scand 47:271\u2013279. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1960.tb00078.x","journal-title":"Acta Physiol Scand"},{"key":"2793_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1953.tb01022.x","volume":"29","author":"N-\u00c5 Hillarp","year":"1953","unstructured":"Hillarp N-\u00c5, Lagerstedt S, Nilson B (1953) The isolation of granular fraction from the suprarenal medulla, containing the symyathomimetic catecholamines. Acta Physiol Scand 29:251\u2013263. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1953.tb01022.x","journal-title":"Acta Physiol Scand"},{"key":"2793_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1959.tb01705.x","volume":"45","author":"N-A Hillarp","year":"1959","unstructured":"Hillarp N-A, Thieme G (1959) Nucleotides in the catecholamine granules of the adrenal medulla. Acta Physiol Scand 45:328\u2013338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1959.tb01705.x","journal-title":"Acta Physiol Scand"},{"key":"2793_CR81","unstructured":"Houssay BA, Molinelli EA (1928) Excitabilit\u00e9 des fibres adr\u00e9nalino-s\u00e9cr\u00e9toires du nerf Brand splanchnique. Fr\u00e9quences, seuil et optimun des stimulus. R\u00f3le de l\u2019ion calcium. CR Soc Biol Par\u00eds 99:178"},{"key":"2793_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Houy S, Crois\u00e9 P, Gubar O, Chasserot-Golaz S, Tryoen-T\u00f3th P, Bailly Y, Ory S, Bader M-F, Gasman S (2013) Exocytosis and endocytosis in neuroendocrine cells: inseparable membranes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 4. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2013.00135","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2013.00135"},{"key":"2793_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40581","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M304942200","volume":"278","author":"YH Huh","year":"2003","unstructured":"Huh YH, Jeon SH, Yoo SH (2003) Chromogranin B-induced secretory granule biogenesis. J Biol Chem 278:40581\u201340589. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.M304942200","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2793_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/0968-0004(91)90012-K","volume":"16","author":"WB Huttner","year":"1991","unstructured":"Huttner WB, Gerdes HH, Rosa P (1991) The granin-(chromogranin\/secretogranin) family. Trends Biochem Sci 16:27\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0968-0004(91)90012-K","journal-title":"Trends Biochem Sci"},{"key":"2793_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.14703","volume":"149","author":"Z Jiang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jiang Z, Delaney TL, Zanin MP, Haberberger RV, Pitson SM, Huang J, Alford S, Cologna SM, Keating DJ, Gong L (2019) Extracellular and intracellular sphingosine-1-phosphate distinctly regulates exocytosis in chromaffin cells. J Neurochem 149:729\u2013746. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jnc.14703","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"2793_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.14918","volume":"153","author":"M Joensuu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Joensuu M, Wallis TP, Saber SH, Meunier FA (2020) Phospholipases in neuronal function: a role in learning and memory? J Neurochem 153:300\u2013333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jnc.14918","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"2793_CR87","unstructured":"Joesten G (1864) Der feinere bau der nebennieren. Arch Heilk 97\u2013110"},{"key":"2793_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2102","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2007.04908.x","volume":"103","author":"MA Johnson","year":"2007","unstructured":"Johnson MA, Villanueva M, Haynes CL, Seipel AT, Buhler LA, Wightman RM (2007) Catecholamine exocytosis is diminished in R6\/2 Huntington\u2019s disease model mice. J Neurochem 103:2102\u20132110. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2007.04908.x","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"2793_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10963","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)86617-6","volume":"254","author":"RG Johnson","year":"1979","unstructured":"Johnson RG, Pfister D, Carty SE, Scarpa A (1979) Biological amine transport in chromaffin ghosts. Coupling to the transmembrane proton and potential gradients. J Biol Chem 254:10963\u201310972","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2793_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.68.6.601","volume":"68","author":"RG Johnson","year":"1976","unstructured":"Johnson RG, Scarpa A (1976) Ion permeability of isolated chromaffin granules. J Gen Physiol 68:601\u2013631. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1085\/jgp.68.6.601","journal-title":"J Gen Physiol"},{"key":"2793_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI110876","volume":"71","author":"TS Johnson","year":"1983","unstructured":"Johnson TS, Young JB, Landsberg L (1983) Sympathoadrenal responses to acute and chronic hypoxia in the rat. J Clin Invest 71:1263\u20131272. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/JCI110876","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2793_CR92","unstructured":"Khon A (1902) Das chromaffine gewebe. 12:253\u2013348"},{"key":"2793_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(01)00459-7","volume":"106","author":"T Kim","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kim T, Tao-Cheng J-H, Eiden LE, Loh YP (2001) Chromogranin A, an \u201cOn\/Off\u201d switch controlling dense-core secretory granule biogenesis. Cell 106:499\u2013509. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0092-8674(01)00459-7","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2793_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2311","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)63439-3","volume":"237","author":"N Kirshner","year":"1962","unstructured":"Kirshner N (1962) Uptake of catecholamines by a particulate fraction of the adrenal medulla. J Biol Chem 237:2311\u20132317","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2793_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"K\u00f6lliker A (1854) A manual of human histology. London","DOI":"10.5962\/bhl.title.30436"},{"key":"2793_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5707","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)83835-8","volume":"257","author":"WN Kopell","year":"1982","unstructured":"Kopell WN, Westhead EW (1982) Osmotic pressures of solutions of ATP and catecholamines relating to storage in chromaffin granules. J Biol Chem 257:5707\u20135710","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2793_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.regpep.2010.09.006","volume":"165","author":"H Koshimizu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Koshimizu H, Kim T, Cawley NX, Loh YP (2010) Reprint of: chromogranin A: a new proposal for trafficking, processing and induction of granule biogenesis. Regul Pept 165:95\u2013101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.regpep.2010.09.006","journal-title":"Regul Pept"},{"key":"2793_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.regpep.2009.12.007","volume":"160","author":"H Koshimizu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Koshimizu H, Kim T, Cawley NX, Loh YP (2010) Chromogranin A: a new proposal for trafficking, processing and induction of granule biogenesis. Regul Pept 160:153\u2013159. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.regpep.2009.12.007","journal-title":"Regul Pept"},{"key":"2793_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3904","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-11873-8","volume":"10","author":"AJB Kreutzberger","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kreutzberger AJB, Kiessling V, Stroupe C, Liang B, Preobraschenski J, Ganzella M, Kreutzberger MAB, Nakamoto R, Jahn R, Castle JD, Tamm LK (2019) In vitro fusion of single synaptic and dense core vesicles reproduces key physiological properties. Nat Commun 10:3904. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-019-11873-8","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2793_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-3806(96)00012-0","volume":"93","author":"K Krieglstein","year":"1996","unstructured":"Krieglstein K, Unsicker K (1996) Proteins from chromaffin granules promote survival of dorsal root ganglionic neurons: comparison with neurotrophins. Dev Brain Res 93:10\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0165-3806(96)00012-0","journal-title":"Dev Brain Res"},{"key":"2793_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1329","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-020-00716-1","volume":"23","author":"GF Kusick","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kusick GF, Chin M, Raychaudhuri S, Lippmann K, Adula KP, Hujber EJ, Vu T, Davis MW, Jorgensen EM, Watanabe S (2020) Synaptic vesicles transiently dock to refill release sites. Nat Neurosci 23:1329\u20131338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41593-020-00716-1","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"2793_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1410.033","volume":"1148","author":"R Kvetnansky","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kvetnansky R, Krizanova O, Tillinger A, Sabban EL, Thomas SA, Kubovcakova L (2008) Regulation of gene expression of catecholamine biosynthetic enzymes in dopamine-beta-hydroxylase- and CRH-knockout mice exposed to stress. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1148:257\u2013268. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1196\/annals.1410.033","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"2793_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-04543-1","volume":"603","author":"Y Lai","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lai Y, Fois G, Flores JR, Tuvim MJ, Zhou Q, Yang K, Leitz J, Peters J, Zhang Y, Pfuetzner RA, Esquivies L, Jones P, Frick M, Dickey BF, Brunger AT (2022) Inhibition of calcium-triggered secretion by hydrocarbon-stapled peptides. Nature 603:949\u2013956. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-022-04543-1","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2793_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11915","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3821-06.2006","volume":"26","author":"KE Larsen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Larsen KE, Schmitz Y, Troyer MD, Mosharov E, Dietrich P, Quazi AZ, Savalle M, Nemani V, Chaudhry FA, Edwards RH, Stefanis L, Sulzer D (2006) Synuclein overexpression in PC12 and chromaffin cells impairs catecholamine release by interfering with a late step in exocytosis. J Neurosci 26:11915\u201311922. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3821-06.2006","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"2793_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/0012-1606(74)90291-7","volume":"41","author":"NM LeDouarin","year":"1974","unstructured":"LeDouarin NM, Teillet M-AM (1974) Experimental analysis of the migration and differentiation of neuroblasts of the autonomic nervous system and of neurectodermal mesenchymal derivatives, using a biological cell marking technique. Dev Biol 41:162\u2013184. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0012-1606(74)90291-7","journal-title":"Dev Biol"},{"key":"2793_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5254","DOI":"10.1021\/bi9002953","volume":"48","author":"JC Lee","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lee JC, Hook V (2009) Proteolytic fragments of chromogranins A and B represent major soluble components of chromaffin granules, illustrated by two-dimensional proteomics with NH 2 -terminal Edman peptide sequencing and MALDI-TOF MS. Biochemistry 48:5254\u20135262. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/bi9002953","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"2793_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.5049\/EBP.2016.14.2.21","volume":"14","author":"YH Lee","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lee YH, Kim YG, Moon J-Y, Kim JS, Jeong K-H, Lee TW, Ihm C-G, Lee SH (2016) Genetic variations of tyrosine hydroxylase in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Electrolytes Blood Press 14:21. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5049\/EBP.2016.14.2.21","journal-title":"Electrolytes Blood Press"},{"key":"2793_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-57-5-621","volume":"57","author":"JD Lever","year":"1955","unstructured":"Lever JD (1955) Electro icroscopic observations on the normal and denervated adrenal medulla of the rat 1. Endocrinology 57:621\u2013635. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/endo-57-5-621","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2793_CR109","first-page":"360","volume":"23","author":"M Lewandowsky","year":"1899","unstructured":"Lewandowsky M (1899) Ueberdie Wirkungdes Nebennieren-extracts auf die glatten Muskeln, irn Besondersen des Auges. Arch Anat Physiol 23:360\u2013366","journal-title":"Arch Anat Physiol"},{"key":"2793_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(79)91852-7","volume":"89","author":"RV Lewis","year":"1979","unstructured":"Lewis RV, Stern AS, Rossier J, Stein S, Udenfriend S (1979) Putative enkephalin precursors in bovine adrenal medulla. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 89:822\u2013829. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0006-291X(79)91852-7","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"2793_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6227","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-26534-y","volume":"12","author":"PTA Linders","year":"2021","unstructured":"Linders PTA, Gerretsen ECF, Ashikov A, Vals M-A, de Boer R, Revelo NH, Arts R, Baerenfaenger M, Zijlstra F, Huijben K, Raymond K, Muru K, Fjodorova O, Pajusalu S, \u00d5unap K, ter Beest M, Lefeber D, van den Bogaart G (2021) Congenital disorder of glycosylation caused by starting site-specific variant in syntaxin-5. Nat Commun 12:6227. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-021-26534-y","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2793_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-022-02783-8","volume":"475","author":"C Lingle","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lingle C (2023) New insights about non-neurogenic excitability revealed by MEA recordings from rat adrenal chromaffin cells. Pflugers Arch 475:151\u2013152. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00424-022-02783-8","journal-title":"Pflugers Arch"},{"key":"2793_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102570","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceca.2022.102570","volume":"104","author":"W Liu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liu W, Stenovec M, Lee W, Montana V, Kreft M, Zorec R, Parpura V (2022) Probing single molecule mechanical interactions of syntaxin 1A with native synaptobrevin 2 residing on a secretory vesicle. Cell Calcium 104:102570. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ceca.2022.102570","journal-title":"Cell Calcium"},{"key":"2793_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1984.64.4.1103","volume":"64","author":"BG Livett","year":"1984","unstructured":"Livett BG (1984) Adrenal medullary chromaffin cells in vitro. Physiol Rev 64:1103\u20131161. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/physrev.1984.64.4.1103","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"2793_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4529","volume":"20","author":"T Logan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Logan T, Bendor J, Toupin C, Thorn K, Edwards RH (2017) \u03b1-Synuclein promotes dilation of the exocytotic fusion pore. Nat Neurosci 20:681\u2013689. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nn.4529","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"2793_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1505","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2013.268342","volume":"592","author":"KD Mackenzie","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mackenzie KD, Duffield MD, Peiris H, Phillips L, Zanin MP, Teo EH, Zhou X-F, Keating DJ (2014) Huntingtin-associated protein 1 regulates exocytosis, vesicle docking, readily releasable pool size and fusion pore stability in mouse chromaffin cells. J Physiol 592:1505\u20131518. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1113\/jphysiol.2013.268342","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"2793_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2017.02.023","volume":"35","author":"KD Mackenzie","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mackenzie KD, Lim Y, Duffield MD, Chataway T, Zhou X-F, Keating DJ (2017) Huntingtin-associated protein-1 (HAP1) regulates endocytosis and interacts with multiple trafficking-related proteins. Cell Signal 35:176\u2013187. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cellsig.2017.02.023","journal-title":"Cell Signal"},{"key":"2793_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1942","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI24354","volume":"115","author":"NR Mahapatra","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mahapatra NR, O\u2019Connor DT, Vaingankar SM, Hikim APS, Mahata M, Ray S, Staite E, Wu H, Gu Y, Dalton N, Kennedy BP, Ziegler MG, Ross J, Mahata SK (2005) Hypertension from targeted ablation of chromogranin A can be rescued by the human ortholog. J Clin Invest 115:1942\u20131952. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/JCI24354","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2793_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceca.2012.01.005","volume":"51","author":"S Mahapatra","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mahapatra S, Calorio C, Vandael DHF, Marcantoni A, Carabelli V, Carbone E (2012) Calcium channel types contributing to chromaffin cell excitability, exocytosis and endocytosis. Cell Calcium 51:321\u2013330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ceca.2012.01.005","journal-title":"Cell Calcium"},{"key":"2793_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Malagon G, Miki T, Tran V, Gomez LC, Marty A (2020) Incomplete vesicular docking limits synaptic strength under high release probability conditions. Elife 9. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/eLife.52137","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.52137"},{"key":"2793_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-022-02761-0","volume":"475","author":"A Marcantoni","year":"2023","unstructured":"Marcantoni A, Chiantia G, Tomagra G, Hidisoglu E, Franchino C, Carabelli V, Carbone E (2023) Two firing modes and well-resolved Na+, K+, and Ca2+ currents at the cell-microelectrode junction of spontaneously active rat chromaffin cell on MEAs. Pflugers Arch 475:181\u2013202. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00424-022-02761-0","journal-title":"Pflugers Arch"},{"key":"2793_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.14585","volume":"147","author":"C Mart\u00ednez-Ram\u00edrez","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mart\u00ednez-Ram\u00edrez C, Baraibar AM, Nanclares C, M\u00e9ndez-L\u00f3pez I, G\u00f3mez A, Mu\u00f1oz MP, de Diego AMG, Gand\u00eda L, Casarejos MJ, Garc\u00eda AG (2018) Altered excitability and exocytosis in chromaffin cells from the R6\/1 mouse model of Huntington\u2019s disease is linked to over-expression of mutated huntingtin. J Neurochem 147:454\u2013476. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jnc.14585","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"2793_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8194","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22158194","volume":"22","author":"I M\u00e9ndez-L\u00f3pez","year":"2021","unstructured":"M\u00e9ndez-L\u00f3pez I, Sancho-Bielsa FJ, Engel T, Garc\u00eda AG, Pad\u00edn JF (2021) Progressive mitochondrial SOD1G93A accumulation causes severe structural, metabolic and functional aberrations through OPA1 down-regulation in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 22:8194. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms22158194","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2793_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.107.128819","volume":"324","author":"R Miranda-Ferreira","year":"2008","unstructured":"Miranda-Ferreira R, de Pascual R, de Diego AMG, Caricati-Neto A, Gand\u00eda L, Jurkiewicz A, Garc\u00eda AG (2008) Single-vesicle catecholamine release has greater quantal content and faster kinetics in chromaffin cells from hypertensive, as compared with normotensive, rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 324:685\u2013693. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1124\/jpet.107.128819","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"2793_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1997.69010377.x","volume":"69","author":"N Mochizuki-Oda","year":"2002","unstructured":"Mochizuki-Oda N, Takeuchi Y, Matsumura K, Oosawa Y, Watanabe Y (2002) Hypoxia-induced catecholamine release and intracellular Ca2+ increase via suppression of K+ channels in cultured rat adrenal chromaffin cells. J Neurochem 69:377\u2013387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1997.69010377.x","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"2793_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1997.175bf.x","volume":"504","author":"MH Mojet","year":"1997","unstructured":"Mojet MH, Mills E, Duchen MR (1997) Hypoxia-induced catecholamine secretion in isolated newborn rat adrenal chromaffin cells is mimicked by inhibition of mitochondrial respiration. J Physiol 504:175\u2013189. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1997.175bf.x","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"2793_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.26335","volume":"91","author":"P Montenegro","year":"2022","unstructured":"Montenegro P, Pueyo M, Lorenzo JN, Villar-Martinez MD, Alay\u00f3n A, Carrillo F, Borges R (2022) A secretory vesicle failure in Parkinson\u2019s disease occurs in human platelets. Ann Neurol 91:697\u2013703. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ana.26335","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"2793_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12420","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M805607200","volume":"284","author":"M Montero-Hadjadje","year":"2009","unstructured":"Montero-Hadjadje M, Elias S, Chevalier L, Benard M, Tanguy Y, Turquier V, Galas L, Yon L, Malagon MM, Driouich A, Gasman S, Anouar Y (2009) Chromogranin A promotes peptide hormone sorting to mobile granules in constitutively and regulated secreting cells. J Biol Chem 284:12420\u201312431. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.M805607200","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2793_CR129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.2007.01806.x","volume":"192","author":"M Montero-Hadjadje","year":"2007","unstructured":"Montero-Hadjadje M, Vaingankar S, Elias S, Tostivint H, Mahata SK, Anouar Y (2007) Chromogranins A and B and secretogranin II: evolutionary and functional aspects. Acta Physiol 192:309\u2013324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1748-1716.2007.01806.x","journal-title":"Acta Physiol"},{"key":"2793_CR130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1548","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2010.00650.x","volume":"159","author":"MS Montesinos","year":"2010","unstructured":"Montesinos MS, Camacho M, Machado JD, Viveros OH, Beltr\u00e1n B, Borges R (2010) The quantal secretion of catecholamines is impaired by the accumulation of \u03b2-adrenoceptor antagonists into chromaffin cell vesicles. Br J Pharmacol 159:1548\u20131556. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2010.00650.x","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"2793_CR131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3350","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5292-07.2008","volume":"28","author":"MS Montesinos","year":"2008","unstructured":"Montesinos MS, Machado JD, Camacho M, Diaz J, Morales YG, Alvarez de la Rosa D, Carmona E, Castaneyra A, Viveros OH, O\u2019Connor DT, Mahata SK, Borges R (2008) The crucial role of chromogranins in storage and exocytosis revealed using chromaffin cells from chromogranin A null mouse. J Neurosci 28:3350\u20133358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5292-07.2008","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"2793_CR132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5835","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.23-13-05835.2003","volume":"23","author":"EV Mosharov","year":"2003","unstructured":"Mosharov EV, Gong L-W, Khanna B, Sulzer D, Lindau M (2003) Intracellular patch electrochemistry: regulation of cytosolic catecholamines in chromaffin cells. J Neurosci 23:5835\u20135845. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.23-13-05835.2003","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"2793_CR133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9136","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.275.13.9136","volume":"275","author":"ML Mundorf","year":"2000","unstructured":"Mundorf ML, Troyer KP, Hochstetler SE, Near JA, Wightman RM (2000) Vesicular Ca2+ participates in the catalysis of exocytosis. J Biol Chem 275:9136\u20139142. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.275.13.9136","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2793_CR134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2017.09.045","volume":"815","author":"DC Musial","year":"2017","unstructured":"Musial DC, Bomfim GH, Arranz-Tagarro JA, M\u00e9ndez-L\u00f3pez I, Miranda-Ferreira R, Jurkiewicz A, Jurkiewicz NH, Garc\u00eda AG, Pad\u00edn JF (2017) Altered mitochondrial function, calcium signaling, and catecholamine release in chromaffin cells of diabetic and SHR rats. Eur J Pharmacol 815:416\u2013426. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejphar.2017.09.045","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"2793_CR135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nanavati C, Fernandez JM (1993) The secretory granule matrix: a fast-acting smart polymer. Science (80- ) 259:963\u2013965. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.8438154","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8438154"},{"key":"2793_CR136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-017-2064-1","volume":"470","author":"C Nanclares","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nanclares C, Baraibar AM, Gand\u00eda L (2018) L-type calcium channels in exocytosis and endocytosis of chromaffin cells. Pfl\u00fcgers Arch - Eur J Physiol 470:53\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00424-017-2064-1","journal-title":"Pfl\u00fcgers Arch - Eur J Physiol"},{"key":"2793_CR137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4431","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.9.4431","volume":"93","author":"S Natori","year":"1996","unstructured":"Natori S, Huttner WB (1996) Chromogranin B (secretogranin I) promotes sorting to the regulated secretory pathway of processing intermediates derived from a peptide hormone precursor. Proc Natl Acad Sci 93:4431\u20134436. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.93.9.4431","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"2793_CR138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-017-2051-6","volume":"470","author":"E Neher","year":"2018","unstructured":"Neher E (2018) Neurosecretion: what can we learn from chromaffin cells. Pfl\u00fcgers Arch - Eur J Physiol 470:7\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00424-017-2051-6","journal-title":"Pfl\u00fcgers Arch - Eur J Physiol"},{"key":"2793_CR139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2018.11.024","volume":"100","author":"E Neher","year":"2018","unstructured":"Neher E, Brose N (2018) Dynamically primed synaptic vesicle states: key to understand synaptic short-term plasticity. Neuron 100:1283\u20131291. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuron.2018.11.024","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2793_CR140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.172.1.149","volume":"172","author":"N Nelson","year":"1992","unstructured":"Nelson N (1992) Structure and function of V-ATPases in endocytic and secretory organelles. J Exp Biol 172:149\u2013153. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/jeb.172.1.149","journal-title":"J Exp Biol"},{"key":"2793_CR141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4173(78)90001-0","volume":"463","author":"D Njus","year":"1978","unstructured":"Njus D, Radda GK (1978) Bioenergetic processes in chromaffin granules a new perspective on some old problems. Biochim Biophys Acta - Rev Bioenerg 463:219\u2013244. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0304-4173(78)90001-0","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta - Rev Bioenerg"},{"key":"2793_CR142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1042\/bj1800579","volume":"180","author":"D Njus","year":"1979","unstructured":"Njus D, Radda GK (1979) A potassium ion diffusion potential causes adrenaline uptake in chromaffin-granule \u2018ghosts.\u2019 Biochem J 180:579\u2013585. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/bj1800579","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"2793_CR143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1038\/295202a0","volume":"295","author":"M Noda","year":"1982","unstructured":"Noda M, Furutani Y, Takahashi H, Toyosato M, Hirose T, Inayama S, Nakanishi S, Numa S (1982) Cloning and sequence analysis of cDNA for bovine adrenal preproenkephalin. Nature 295:202\u2013206. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/295202a0","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2793_CR144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3237","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)43286-8","volume":"259","author":"DT O\u2019Connor","year":"1984","unstructured":"O\u2019Connor DT, Frigon RP (1984) Chromogranin A, the major catecholamine storage vesicle soluble protein. Multiple size forms, subcellular storage, and regional distribution in chromaffin and nervous tissue elucidated by radioimmunoassay. J Biol Chem 259:3237\u20133247","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2793_CR145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Obashi K, Sochacki K, Strub M, Taraska J (2022) A conformational switch in clathrin light chain regulates lattice structure and endocytosis at the plasma membrane of mammalian cells.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2022.03.21.485138","DOI":"10.1101\/2022.03.21.485138"},{"key":"2793_CR146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e8936","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0008936","volume":"5","author":"S Oberm\u00fcller","year":"2010","unstructured":"Oberm\u00fcller S, Calegari F, King A, Lindqvist A, Lundquist I, Salehi A, Francolini M, Rosa P, Rorsman P, Huttner WB, Barg S (2010) Defective secretion of islet hormones in chromogranin-B deficient mice. PLoS One 5:e8936. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0008936","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2793_CR147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.25.6.807","volume":"25","author":"T Ogata","year":"1917","unstructured":"Ogata T, Ogata A (1917) Henle\u2019s reaction of the chromaffin cells in the adrenals, and the microscopic test for adrenalin. J Exp Med 25:807\u2013817. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.25.6.807","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"2793_CR148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1p","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1894.sp000490","volume":"16","author":"G Oliver","year":"1894","unstructured":"Oliver G, Sch\u00e4fer E (1894) The physiological action of the suprarenal capsules. J Physiol L 16:1p","journal-title":"J Physiol L"},{"key":"2793_CR149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bi.63.070194.004135","volume":"63","author":"BM Olivera","year":"1994","unstructured":"Olivera BM, Miljanich GP, Ramachandran J, Adams ME (1994) Calcium channel diversity and neurotransmitter release: the \u03c9-conotoxins and \u03c9-agatoxins. Annu Rev Biochem 63:823\u2013867. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev.bi.63.070194.004135","journal-title":"Annu Rev Biochem"},{"key":"2793_CR150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Park Y, Moussa H, Shin Kc, Ponraj J, Mansour S, Ryu J, Kim S (2022) Requirement of cholesterol for calcium-dependent vesicle fusion by stabilizing synaptotagmin-1- induced membrane bending","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-1313659\/v2"},{"key":"2793_CR151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.102.2.510","volume":"102","author":"A Patzak","year":"1986","unstructured":"Patzak A, Winkler H (1986) Exocytotic exposure and recycling of membrane antigens of chromaffin granules: ultrastructural evaluation after immunolabeling. J Cell Biol 102:510\u2013515. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1083\/jcb.102.2.510","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"2793_CR152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1391","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571-010-9535-7","volume":"30","author":"F Rao","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rao F, Zhang K, Zhang L, Rana BK, Wessel J, Fung MM, Rodriguez-Flores JL, Taupenot L, Ziegler MG, O\u2019Connor DT (2010) Human tyrosine hydroxylase natural allelic variation: influence on autonomic function and hypertension. Cell Mol Neurobiol 30:1391\u20131394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10571-010-9535-7","journal-title":"Cell Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"2793_CR153","unstructured":"Remak R (1847) Ueber ein selbstaendiges darrnnervensystem. Berlin"},{"key":"2793_CR154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-biophys-111821-104732","volume":"51","author":"J Rizo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rizo J (2022) Molecular mechanisms underlying neurotransmitter release. Annu Rev Biophys 51:377\u2013408. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev-biophys-111821-104732","journal-title":"Annu Rev Biophys"},{"key":"2793_CR155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rizo J, Sari L, Qi Y, Im W, Lin MM (2022) All-atom molecular dynamics simulations of synaptotagmin-SNARE-complexin complexes bridging a vesicle and a flat lipid bilayer. Elife 11. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/eLife.76356","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.76356"},{"key":"2793_CR156","unstructured":"De Robertis ED, Sabatini DD (1960) Submicroscopic analysis of the secretory process in the adrenal medulla. Fed Proc 19(Suppl 5:70\u20138"},{"key":"2793_CR157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rocca C, Grande F, Granieri MC, Colombo B, De Bartolo A, Giordano F, Rago V, Amodio N, Tota B, Cerra MC, Rizzuti B, Corti A, Angelone T, Pasqua T (2021) The chromogranin A 1\u2010373 fragment reveals how a single change in the protein sequence exerts strong cardioregulatory effects by engaging neuropilin\u20101. Acta Physiol 231. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/apha.13570","DOI":"10.1111\/apha.13570"},{"key":"2793_CR158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1696","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1988.tb01147.x","volume":"51","author":"A Rodriguez del Castillo","year":"1988","unstructured":"Rodriguez del Castillo A, Torres M, Delicado EG, Miras-Portugal MT (1988) Subcellular distribution studies of diadenosine polyphosphates?Ap 4 A and Ap 5 A? in bovine adrenal medulla: presence in chromaffin granules. J Neurochem 51:1696\u20131703. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1988.tb01147.x","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"2793_CR159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1007\/s12031-012-9786-5","volume":"48","author":"JM Rosa","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rosa JM, Nanclares C, Orozco A, Colmena I, de Pascual R, Garc\u00eda AG, Gand\u00eda L (2012) Regulation by L-type calcium channels of endocytosis: an overview. J Mol Neurosci 48:360\u2013367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12031-012-9786-5","journal-title":"J Mol Neurosci"},{"key":"2793_CR160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03347721","volume":"17","author":"P Rosa","year":"1994","unstructured":"Rosa P, Gerdes HH (1994) The granin protein family: markers for neuroendocrine cells and tools for the diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumors. J Endocrinol Invest 17:207\u2013225. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF03347721","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"2793_CR161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12676","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201402380","volume":"53","author":"JE Rothman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rothman JE (2014) The principle of membrane fusion in the cell (Nobel Lecture). Angew Chemie Int Ed 53:12676\u201312694. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/anie.201402380","journal-title":"Angew Chemie Int Ed"},{"key":"2793_CR162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1353","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.12.5.1353","volume":"12","author":"R Rudolf","year":"2001","unstructured":"Rudolf R, Salm T, Rustom A, Gerdes H-H (2001) Dynamics of immature secretory granules: role of cytoskeletal elements during transport, cortical restriction, and F-actin-dependent tethering. Mol Biol Cell 12:1353\u20131365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1091\/mbc.12.5.1353","journal-title":"Mol Biol Cell"},{"key":"2793_CR163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(00)01687-8","volume":"24","author":"EL Sabban","year":"2001","unstructured":"Sabban EL, Kvet\u0148ansk\u00fd R (2001) Stress-triggered activation of gene expression in catecholaminergic systems: dynamics of transcriptional events. Trends Neurosci 24:91\u201398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0166-2236(00)01687-8","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"2793_CR164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2008.06440.x","volume":"28","author":"J SantoDomingo","year":"2008","unstructured":"SantoDomingo J, Vay L, Camacho M, Hern\u00e1ndez-SanMiguel E, Fonteriz RI, Lobat\u00f3n CD, Montero M, Moreno A, Alvarez J (2008) Calcium dynamics in bovine adrenal medulla chromaffin cell secretory granules. Eur J Neurosci 28:1265\u20131274. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2008.06440.x","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"2793_CR165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1038\/378733a0","volume":"378","author":"G Schiavo","year":"1995","unstructured":"Schiavo G, Gmachl MJS, Stenbeck G, S\u00f6llner TH, Rothman JE (1995) A possible docking and fusion particle for synaptic transmission. Nature 378:733\u2013736. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/378733a0","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2793_CR166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(78)90137-9","volume":"3","author":"M Schultzberg","year":"1978","unstructured":"Schultzberg M, Lundberg JM, Ho\u00a8kfelt T, Terenius L, Brandt J, Elde RP, Goldstein M (1978) Enkephalin-like immunoreactivity in gland cells and nerve terminals of the adrenal medulla. Neuroscience 3:1169\u20131186. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0306-4522(78)90137-9","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"2793_CR167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2307","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-015-1702-8","volume":"467","author":"P Segura-Chama","year":"2015","unstructured":"Segura-Chama P, L\u00f3pez-Bistrain P, P\u00e9rez-Armend\u00e1riz EM, Jim\u00e9nez-P\u00e9rez N, Mill\u00e1n-Aldaco D, Hern\u00e1ndez-Cruz A (2015) Enhanced Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release from intracellular stores contributes to catecholamine hypersecretion in adrenal chromaffin cells from spontaneously hypertensive rats. Pfl\u00fcgers Arch - Eur J Physiol 467:2307\u20132323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00424-015-1702-8","journal-title":"Pfl\u00fcgers Arch - Eur J Physiol"},{"key":"2793_CR168","first-page":"1","volume":"10","author":"TA Slotkin","year":"1988","unstructured":"Slotkin TA, Seidler FJ (1988) Adrenomedullary catecholamine release in the fetus and newborn: secretory mechanisms and their role in stress and survival. J Dev Physiol 10:1\u201316","journal-title":"J Dev Physiol"},{"key":"2793_CR169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1042\/bj1030483","volume":"103","author":"A Smith","year":"1967","unstructured":"Smith A, Winkler H (1967) Purification and properties of an acidic protein from chromaffin granules of bovine adrenal medulla. Biochem J 103:483\u2013492. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/bj1030483","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"2793_CR170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.139.4.885","volume":"139","author":"C Smith","year":"1997","unstructured":"Smith C, Neher E (1997) Multiple forms of endocytosis in bovine adrenal chromaffin cells. J Cell Biol 139:885\u2013894. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1083\/jcb.139.4.885","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"2793_CR171","first-page":"52","volume":"3","author":"WJ Smith","year":"1967","unstructured":"Smith WJ, Kirshner N (1967) A specific soluble protein from the catecholamine storage vesicles of bovine adrenal medulla. I. Purif Chem Charact Mol Pharmacol 3:52\u201362","journal-title":"Purif Chem Charact Mol Pharmacol"},{"key":"2793_CR172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms2158","volume":"3","author":"KA Sochacki","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sochacki KA, Larson BT, Sengupta DC, Daniels MP, Shtengel G, Hess HF, Taraska JW (2012) Imaging the post-fusion release and capture of a vesicle membrane protein. Nat Commun 3:1154. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ncomms2158","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2793_CR173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1038\/362318a0","volume":"362","author":"T S\u00f6llner","year":"1993","unstructured":"S\u00f6llner T, Whiteheart SW, Brunner M, Erdjument-Bromage H, Geromanos S, Tempst P, Rothman JE (1993) SNAP receptors implicated in vesicle targeting and fusion. Nature 362:318\u2013324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/362318a0","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2793_CR174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Stepien KP, Xu J, Zhang X, Bai X-C, Rizo J (2022) SNARE assembly enlightened by cryo-EM structures of a synaptobrevin\u2013Munc18\u20131\u2013syntaxin-1 complex. Sci Adv 8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.abo5272","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abo5272"},{"key":"2793_CR175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20071382","volume":"418","author":"H Stettler","year":"2009","unstructured":"Stettler H, Beuret N, Prescianotto-Baschong C, Fayard B, Taupenot L, Spiess M (2009) Determinants for chromogranin A sorting into the regulated secretory pathway are also sufficient to generate granule-like structures in non-endocrine cells. Biochem J 418:81\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/BJ20071382","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"2793_CR176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1995.0356k.x","volume":"229","author":"J-M Strub","year":"1995","unstructured":"Strub J-M, Garcia-Sablone P, Lonning K, Taupenot L, Hubert P, Dorsselaer A, Aunis D, Metz-Boutigue M-H (1995) Processing of chromogranin B in bovine adrenal medulla. Identification of secretolytin, the endogenous C-terminal fragment of residues 614\u2013626 with antibacterial activity. Eur J Biochem 229:356\u2013368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1995.0356k.x","journal-title":"Eur J Biochem"},{"key":"2793_CR177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2013.10.022","volume":"80","author":"TC S\u00fcdhof","year":"2013","unstructured":"S\u00fcdhof TC (2013) Neurotransmitter Release: the last millisecond in the life of a synaptic vesicle. Neuron 80:675\u2013690. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuron.2013.10.022","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2793_CR178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"S\u00fcdhof TC, Rothman JE (2009) Membrane fusion: grappling with SNARE and SM proteins. Science (80- ) 323:474\u2013477. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1161748","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1161748"},{"key":"2793_CR179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(90)90339-H","volume":"5","author":"D Sulzer","year":"1990","unstructured":"Sulzer D, Rayport S (1990) Amphetamine and other psychostimulants reduce pH gradients in midbrain dopaminergic neurons and chromaffin granules: a mechanism of action. Neuron 5:797\u2013808. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0896-6273(90)90339-H","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2793_CR180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.7b02494","volume":"90","author":"Z Taleat","year":"2018","unstructured":"Taleat Z, Est\u00e9vez-Herrera J, Machado JD, Dunevall J, Ewing AG, Borges R (2018) Electrochemical investigation of the interaction between catecholamines and ATP. Anal Chem 90:1601\u20131607. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.analchem.7b02494","journal-title":"Anal Chem"},{"key":"2793_CR181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1134","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra021405","volume":"348","author":"L Taupenot","year":"2003","unstructured":"Taupenot L, Harper KL, O\u2019Connor DT (2003) The chromogranin\u2013secretogranin family. N Engl J Med 348:1134\u20131149. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMra021405","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2793_CR182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3885","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M408197200","volume":"280","author":"L Taupenot","year":"2005","unstructured":"Taupenot L, Harper KL, O\u2019Connor DT (2005) Role of H+-ATPase-mediated acidification in sorting and release of the regulated secretory protein chromogranin A. J Biol Chem 280:3885\u20133897. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.M408197200","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2793_CR183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tawfik B, Martins JS, Houy S, Imig C, Pinheiro PS, Wojcik SM, Brose N, Cooper BH, S\u00f8rensen JB (2021) Synaptotagmin-7 places dense-core vesicles at the cell membrane to promote Munc13\u20132- and Ca2+-dependent priming. Elife 10. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/eLife.64527","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.64527"},{"key":"2793_CR184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04427.x","volume":"971","author":"J-M Trifaro","year":"2002","unstructured":"Trifaro J-M (2002) Molecular biology of the chromaffin cell. Ann N Y Acad Sci 971:11\u201318","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"2793_CR185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1533","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(80)90018-4","volume":"5","author":"JM Trifar\u00f3","year":"1980","unstructured":"Trifar\u00f3 JM, Lee RWH (1980) Morphological characteristics and stimulus-secretion coupling in bovine adrenal chromaffin cell cultures. Neuroscience 5:1533\u20131546. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0306-4522(80)90018-4","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"2793_CR186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/0301-0082(95)00045-3","volume":"48","author":"K Unsicker","year":"1996","unstructured":"Unsicker K, Krieglstein K (1996) Growth factors in chromaffin cells. Prog Neurobiol 48:307\u2013324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0301-0082(95)00045-3","journal-title":"Prog Neurobiol"},{"key":"2793_CR187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3498","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.75.7.3498","volume":"75","author":"K Unsicker","year":"1978","unstructured":"Unsicker K, Krisch B, Otten U, Thoenen H (1978) Nerve growth factor-induced fiber outgrowth from isolated rat adrenal chromaffin cells: impairment by glucocorticoids. Proc Natl Acad Sci 75:3498\u20133502. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.75.7.3498","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"2793_CR188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2020.05.036","volume":"107","author":"M Verhage","year":"2020","unstructured":"Verhage M, S\u00f8rensen JB (2020) SNAREopathies: diversity in mechanisms and symptoms. Neuron 107:22\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuron.2020.05.036","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2793_CR189","first-page":"1101","volume":"16","author":"O Viveros","year":"1979","unstructured":"Viveros O, Diliberto EJ, Hazum E, Chang K (1979) Opiate-like materials in the adrenal medulla: evidence for storage and secretion with catecholamines. Mol Pharmacol 16:1101\u20131108","journal-title":"Mol Pharmacol"},{"key":"2793_CR190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1838(83)90068-1","volume":"7","author":"OH Viveros","year":"1983","unstructured":"Viveros OH, Wilson SP (1983) The adrenal chromaffin cell as a model to study the co-secretion of enkephalins and catecholamines. J Auton Nerv Syst 7:41\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0165-1838(83)90068-1","journal-title":"J Auton Nerv Syst"},{"key":"2793_CR191","unstructured":"Werner B (1857) The capsulis suprarenalis, diss ingarg Dorpati Livonorum"},{"key":"2793_CR192","unstructured":"Winkler H (1993) The adrenal chromaffin granule: a model for large dense core vesicles of endocrine and nervous tissue. J Anat 183 ( Pt 2:237\u201352"},{"key":"2793_CR193","unstructured":"Winkler H, Carmichael S (1982) The chromaffin granule. In: Poisner, Trifar\u00f3 (eds) The secretory granule. Elsevier Biomed Press"},{"key":"2793_CR194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(92)90222-N","volume":"49","author":"H Winkler","year":"1992","unstructured":"Winkler H, Fischer-Colbrie R (1992) The chromogranins A and B: The first 25 years and future perspectives. Neuroscience 49:497\u2013528. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0306-4522(92)90222-N","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"2793_CR195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2020.10.033","volume":"119","author":"A Witkowska","year":"2020","unstructured":"Witkowska A, Spindler S, Mahmoodabadi RG, Sandoghdar V, Jahn R (2020) Differential diffusional properties in loose and tight docking prior to membrane fusion. Biophys J 119:2431\u20132439. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bpj.2020.10.033","journal-title":"Biophys J"},{"key":"2793_CR196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu Z, Kusick G, Raychaudhuri S, Itoh K, Chapman E, Watanabe S (2022) Synaptotagmin 7 docks synaptic vesicles for Doc2\u03b1-triggered asynchronous neurotransmitter release","DOI":"10.1101\/2022.04.21.489101"},{"key":"2793_CR197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wurtman RJ, Axelrod J (1965) Adrenaline synthesis: control by the pituitary gland and adrenal glucocorticoids. Science (80- ) 150:1464\u20131465. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.150.3702.1464","DOI":"10.1126\/science.150.3702.1464"},{"key":"2793_CR198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.09-132456","volume":"24","author":"SH Yoo","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yoo SH (2010) Secretory granules in inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-dependent Ca 2+ signaling in the cytoplasm of neuroendocrine cells. FASEB J 24:653\u2013664. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1096\/fj.09-132456","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"2793_CR199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-biochem-081820-103615","volume":"90","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Hughson FM (2021) Chaperoning SNARE folding and assembly. Annu Rev Biochem 90:581\u2013603. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev-biochem-081820-103615","journal-title":"Annu Rev Biochem"},{"key":"2793_CR200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2009.01.011","volume":"164","author":"E Zhao","year":"2009","unstructured":"Zhao E, Zhang D, Basak A, Trudeau VL (2009) New insights into granin-derived peptides: evolution and endocrine roles. Gen Comp Endocrinol 164:161\u2013174. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ygcen.2009.01.011","journal-title":"Gen Comp Endocrinol"},{"key":"2793_CR201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5920","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.86.12.8106","volume":"86","author":"N Zuckerman-Levin","year":"2001","unstructured":"Zuckerman-Levin N, Tiosano D, Eisenhofer G, Bornstein S, Hochberg Z (2001) The importance of adrenocortical glucocorticoids for adrenomedullary and physiological response to stress: a study in isolated glucocorticoid deficiency. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 86:5920\u20135924. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jcem.86.12.8106","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"}],"container-title":["Pfl\u00fcgers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00424-023-02793-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00424-023-02793-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00424-023-02793-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,16]],"date-time":"2023-05-16T00:07:47Z","timestamp":1684195667000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00424-023-02793-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]]},"references-count":201,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]}},"alternative-id":["2793"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00424-023-02793-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-6768","1432-2013"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-6768","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-2013","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 December 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 January 2023","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 January 2023","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 March 2023","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}