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In the distal nephron, \u03b1-intercalated cells contribute to urinary acid (H<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>) secretion and \u03b2-intercalated cells accomplish urinary base (HCO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub><jats:sup>-<\/jats:sup>) secretion. \u03b2-intercalated cells regulate the acid base status through modulation of the apical Cl<jats:sup>-<\/jats:sup>\/HCO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub><jats:sup>-<\/jats:sup> exchanger pendrin (SLC26A4) activity. In this review, we summarize and discuss our current knowledge of the physiological role of the renal transporter AE4 (SLC4A9). The AE4, as cation-dependent Cl<jats:sup>-<\/jats:sup>\/HCO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub><jats:sup>-<\/jats:sup> exchanger, is exclusively expressed in the basolateral membrane of \u03b2-intercalated cells and is essential for the sensing of metabolic acid-base disturbances in mice, but not for renal sodium reabsorption and plasma volume control. Potential intracellular signaling pathways are discussed that might link basolateral acid-base sensing through the AE4 to apical pendrin activity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-023-02899-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,9]],"date-time":"2024-01-09T19:02:31Z","timestamp":1704826951000},"page":"555-564","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Novel functions of the anion exchanger AE4 (SLC4A9)"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"476","author":[{"given":"Helga","family":"Vitzthum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Meyer-Schwesinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heimo","family":"Ehmke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2899_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1911","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2013.05.007","volume":"587","author":"Q Al-Awqati","year":"2013","unstructured":"Al-Awqati Q (2013) Cell biology of the intercalated cell in the kidney. 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