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However, while pollination services are barely considered as crop breeding targets, little is known about how stress-induced changes in plants affect pollinators\u2019 nutritional landscape and their foraging decisions. To address this gap, visually assessed pollination activity of managed bumblebees (\n                      <jats:italic>Bombus terrestris<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) was monitored in a tomato commercial cultivar (\n                      <jats:italic>Solanum lycopersicum<\/jats:italic>\n                      L. Mill) grafted onto 26 experimental rootstocks, and related to agronomic and leaf\/flower physiological traits under optimal (control) and saline (75\u00a0mM NaCl) conditions. Rootstock and salinity generated variability in agronomic (biomass, fruit yield and quality) and physiological (leaf and flower ionomics, chlorophyll fluorescence) traits, as well as in pollinator foraging behavior (flowers visited and preference). Based on a correlation analysis, the environmental pressure imposed by salinity strengthened plant\u2013pollinator mutualistic interactions since rootstock-mediated fruit yield and plant vigor were associated not only with the leaf nutrient (C, N, P, K, Ca, S, Zn) and\n                      <jats:italic>Fv\/Fm<\/jats:italic>\n                      status, but also with bumblebees\u2019 activity. Leaf Na concentration emerged as the strongest negative factor associated with plant growth, physiology and yield as well as with pollinator activity, while flower abortion was more closely linked to leaf C, N and P status rather than Na levels in flowers. The results suggest that pollinator foraging decisions under salinity may reflect the plant physiological status and C\/N balance, supporting a potential role for pollinators as ecosystem phenotypers for plant selection and breeding under environmental pressure.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00425-026-05110-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:59:14Z","timestamp":1787029154000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Salinity strengthens plant\u2013pollinator mutualism through leaf physiological status in grafted tomatoes"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"264","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4085-6973","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c1ngela S.","family":"Prudencio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Mart\u00ednez-And\u00fajar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 \u00c1ngel","family":"Mart\u00edn-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rim Ben","family":"Youssef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Purificaci\u00f3n A.","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Melgarejo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan Jos\u00e9","family":"Guerrero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maialen","family":"Ormazabal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"P\u00e9rez-Alfocea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"5110_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1007\/s10886-014-0455-8","volume":"40","author":"O Afik","year":"2014","unstructured":"Afik O, Delaplane KS, Shafir S et al (2014) Nectar minerals as regulators of flower visitation in stingless bees and nectar hoarding wasps. 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