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The optimisation of external focus points, across a range of contexts and performers, is important for effective skill production. Two studies were conducted evaluating the impact of external focus distance in an applied, continuous sports skill (kayak sprinting) with participants of two different expertise levels. In Study 1, using a within-participants design, recreational kayakers (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200920) were timed sprinting 75\u00a0m in a surf ski under proximal external focus, distal external focus, and control conditions. The distal focus (on the finish) (29.75\u00a0s) was significantly faster than both other trials (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>s\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). The control condition (30.95\u00a0s) was significantly faster than the proximal focus (on the boat) (32.37\u00a0s) (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003). The effect size was large (<jats:italic>\u03b7<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>p<\/jats:sub><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u20090.55). In Study 2, specifically trained racers in sprint kayaks (K1s) (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200916) were timed in a 100\u00a0m K1 sprint under the same three conditions as in Study 1. The control condition (28.96\u00a0s) was significantly faster than the proximal focus trial (29.83\u00a0s) (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.02). The effect size was large (<jats:italic>\u03b7<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>p<\/jats:sub><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u20090.23). There was no significant difference between the distal focus trial (29.03\u00a0s) and the other conditions. These findings suggest that focus distance can play a pivotal role in continuous skills. Whilst recreational performers may benefit immediately from a distal focus, this might not be the case for specifically trained athletes. Further, a proximal focus on fitted, passive equipment may be detrimental to performance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00426-024-01951-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,4]],"date-time":"2024-04-04T15:02:26Z","timestamp":1712242946000},"page":"1565-1574","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Resolving the Centipede\u2019s Dilemma: external focus distance and expertise in applied, continuous skills"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"88","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8097-3256","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephen","family":"Banks","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1366-4028","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Higgins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9148-6362","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John","family":"Sproule","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3658-3346","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ursula","family":"Pool","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"18","key":"1951_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2621","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2019.1566408","volume":"42","author":"R Abdollahipour","year":"2019","unstructured":"Abdollahipour, R., Land, W., Cereser, A., & Chiviacowsky, S. 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