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In the locust, this pathway is already present at mid-embryogenesis but the process of fasciculation involved in its construction has not been investigated. Terminal projections into the fine neuropilar organization of the brain also remain unresolved, information essential not only for understanding the neural circuitry mediating Jo-mediated behavior but also for providing comparative data offering insights into its evolution. In our study here, we employ neuron-specific, axon-specific, and epithelial domain labels to show that the pathway to the brain of the locust is built in a stepwise manner during early embryogenesis as processes from Jo cell clusters in the pedicel fasciculate first with one another, and then with the two tracts constituting the pioneer axon scaffold of the antenna. A comparison of fasciculation patterns confirms that projections from cell clusters of Jo stereotypically associate with only one axon tract according to their location in the pedicellar epithelium, consistent with a topographic plan. At the molecular level, all neuronal elements of the Jo pathway to the brain express the lipocalin Lazarillo, a cell surface epitope that regulates axogenesis in the primary axon scaffold itself, and putatively during fasciculation of the Jo projections to the brain. Central projections from Jo first contact the primary axon scaffold of the deutocerebral brain at mid-embryogenesis, and in the adult traverse mechanosensory\/motor neuropils similar to those in\n                    <jats:italic>Drosophila<\/jats:italic>\n                    . These axons then terminate among protocerebral commissures containing premotor interneurons known to regulate flight behavior.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00427-023-00710-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]],"date-time":"2023-09-11T00:01:36Z","timestamp":1694390496000},"page":"147-159","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Central projections from Johnston\u2019s organ in the locust: Axogenesis and brain neuroarchitecture"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"233","author":[{"given":"George","family":"Boyan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leslie","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erica","family":"Ehrhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"710_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1030","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.21341","volume":"502","author":"H Ai","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ai H, Nishino H, Itoh T (2007) Topographic organization of sensory afferents of Johnston\u2019s organ in the honeybee brain. 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Accordingly, larval and adult locusts were routinely anesthetized by either cold or CO<sub>2<\/sub> prior to experimentation.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}