{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T01:39:53Z","timestamp":1779154793822,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,15]],"date-time":"2020-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607990400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,15]],"date-time":"2020-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607990400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Tuebingen","award":["University of Tuebingen, T\u00dcFF-program, project 2320-0-0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["University of Tuebingen, T\u00dcFF-program, project 2320-0-0"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Virchows Arch"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) occur after solid organ transplantation (SOT) or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) and are frequently associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Because of the complex immune setup in PTLD patients, the tumor microenvironment (TME) is of particular interest to understand PTLD pathogenesis and elucidate predictive factors and possible treatment options. We present a comparative study of clinicopathological features of 48 PTLD after HCT (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 26) or SOT (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 22), including non-destructive (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 6), polymorphic (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 23), and monomorphic (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 18) PTLD and classic Hodgkin lymphoma (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 1). EBV was positive in 35 cases (73%). A detailed examination of the TME with image analysis-based quantification in 22 cases revealed an inflammatory TME despite underlying immunosuppression and significant differences in its density and composition depending on type of transplant, PTLD subtypes, and EBV status. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) expressing CD163 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>= 0.0022) and Mannose (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>= 0.0016) were enriched in PTLD after HCT. Double stains also showed differences in macrophage polarization, with more frequent M1 polarization after HCT (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>= 0.0321). Higher counts for TAMs (CD163 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>= 0.0008) and cMaf (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>= 0.0035)) as well as in the T cell compartment (Granzyme B (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>= 0.0028), CD8 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>= 0.01), and for PD-L1 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>= 0.0305)) were observed depending on EBV status. In conclusion, despite the presence of immunosuppression, PTLD predominantly contains an inflammatory TME characterized by mostly M1-polarized macrophages and cytotoxic T cells. Status post HCT, EBV positivity, and polymorphic subtype are associated with an actively inflamed TME, indicating a specific response of the immune system. Further studies need to elucidate prognostic significance and potential therapeutic implications of the TME in PTLD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-020-02985-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,16]],"date-time":"2020-12-16T00:08:13Z","timestamp":1608077293000},"page":"1135-1148","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Comparative analysis of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders after solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation reveals differences in the tumor microenvironment"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"478","author":[{"given":"Mathis","family":"Overkamp","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Granai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irina","family":"Bonzheim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Steinhilber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Schittenhelm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Bethge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leticia","family":"Quintanilla-Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Falko","family":"Fend","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Birgit","family":"Federmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2985_CR1","first-page":"453","volume-title":"WHO classification of tumours of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues, 4th ed.","author":"SHWS Swerdlow","year":"2017","unstructured":"Swerdlow SHWS, Chadburn A, Ferry JA (2017) Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders. In: Swerdlow SHCE, Harris NL, Jaffe ES, Pileri SA, Stein H, Thiele J (eds) WHO classification of tumours of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues, 4th ed. IARC Press, Lyon, pp 453\u2013462"},{"issue":"6","key":"2985_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1702693","volume":"378","author":"D Dierickx","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dierickx D, Habermann TM (2018) Post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorders in adults. N Engl J Med 378(6):549\u2013562","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"2985_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2665","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.13324","volume":"15","author":"MR Luskin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Luskin MR, Heil DS, Tan KS, Choi S, Stadtmauer EA, Schuster SJ, Porter DL, Vonderheide RH, Bagg A, Heitjan DF, Tsai DE, Reshef R (2015) The impact of EBV status on characteristics and outcomes of posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disorder. Am J Transplant 15(10):2665\u20132673","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"issue":"11","key":"2985_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2433","DOI":"10.3109\/10428194.2013.780655","volume":"54","author":"D Dierickx","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dierickx D, Tousseyn T, Sagaert X, Fieuws S, Wlodarska I, Morscio J, Brepoels L, Kuypers D, Vanhaecke J, Nevens F, Verleden G, Van Damme-Lombaerts R, Renard M, Pirenne J, De Wolf-Peeters C, Verhoef G (2013) Single-center analysis of biopsy-confirmed posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder: incidence, clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic factors. Leuk Lymphoma 54(11):2433\u20132440","journal-title":"Leuk Lymphoma"},{"key":"2985_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.00506","volume":"10","author":"V Ferla","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ferla V, Rossi FG, Goldaniga MC, Baldini L (2020) Biological difference between Epstein-Barr virus positive and negative post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders and their clinical impact. Front Oncol 10:506","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2985_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-200003000-00006","volume":"24","author":"BP Nelson","year":"2000","unstructured":"Nelson BP, Nalesnik MA, Bahler DW, Locker J, Fung JJ, Swerdlow SH (2000) Epstein-Barr virus-negative post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders: a distinct entity? Am J Surg Pathol 24(3):375\u2013385","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2985_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.13558","volume":"16","author":"JF Ferreiro","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ferreiro JF, Morscio J, Dierickx D, Vandenberghe P, Gheysens O, Verhoef G, Zamani M, Tousseyn T, Wlodarska I (2016) EBV-positive and EBV-negative posttransplant diffuse large B cell lymphomas have distinct genomic and transcriptomic features. Am J Transplant 16(2):414\u2013425","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"issue":"5","key":"2985_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.12196","volume":"13","author":"J Morscio","year":"2013","unstructured":"Morscio J, Dierickx D, Ferreiro JF, Herreman A, Van Loo P, Bittoun E, Verhoef G, Matthys P, Cools J, Wlodarska I, De Wolf-Peeters C, Sagaert X, Tousseyn T (2013) Gene expression profiling reveals clear differences between EBV-positive and EBV-negative posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders. Am J Transplant 13(5):1305\u20131316","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"issue":"2","key":"2985_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TP.0000144335.39913.5C","volume":"79","author":"IM Ghobrial","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ghobrial IM, Habermann TM, Macon WR, Ristow KM, Larson TS, Walker RC, Ansell SM, Gores GJ, Stegall MD, McGregor CG (2005) Differences between early and late posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders in solid organ transplant patients: are they two different diseases? Transplantation 79(2):244\u2013247","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"issue":"1","key":"2985_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1309\/DW2TW2087BXL2BRK","volume":"123","author":"L Novoa-Takara","year":"2005","unstructured":"Novoa-Takara L, Perkins SL, Qi D, Shidham VB, Vesole DH, Hariharan S, Luo Y, Ewton A, Chang CC (2005) Histogenetic phenotypes of B cells in posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders by immunohistochemical analysis correlate with transplant type: solid organ vs hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Am J Clin Pathol 123(1):104\u2013112","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2985_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2838","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.12990","volume":"14","author":"A Kinch","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kinch A, Cavelier L, Bengtsson M, Baecklund E, Enblad G, Backlin C, Thunberg U, Sundstrom C, Pauksens K (2014) Donor or recipient origin of posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders following solid organ transplantation. Am J Transplant 14(12):2838\u20132845","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"issue":"6","key":"2985_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/103.6.748","volume":"103","author":"DJ Weissmann","year":"1995","unstructured":"Weissmann DJ, Ferry JA, Harris NL, Louis DN, Delmonico F, Spiro I (1995) Posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disorders in solid organ recipients are predominantly aggressive tumors of host origin. Am J Clin Pathol 103(6):748\u2013755","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2985_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s12307-018-00219-5","volume":"12","author":"L Marcelis","year":"2019","unstructured":"Marcelis L, Tousseyn T (2019) The tumor microenvironment in post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders. Cancer Microenviron 12(1):3\u201316","journal-title":"Cancer Microenviron"},{"issue":"8","key":"2985_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc3774","volume":"14","author":"DW Scott","year":"2014","unstructured":"Scott DW, Gascoyne RD (2014) The tumour microenvironment in B cell lymphomas. Nat Rev Cancer 14(8):517\u2013534","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"2985_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10813","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-11052-z","volume":"7","author":"M Cohen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cohen M, Vistarop AG, Huaman F, Narbaitz M, Metrebian F, De Matteo E, Preciado MV, Chabay PA (2017) Cytotoxic response against Epstein Barr virus coexists with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma tolerogenic microenvironment: clinical features and survival impact. Sci Rep 7(1):10813","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"5","key":"2985_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0124531","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0124531","volume":"10","author":"MH Barros","year":"2015","unstructured":"Barros MH, Segges P, Vera-Lozada G, Hassan R, Niedobitek G (2015) Macrophage polarization reflects T cell composition of tumor microenvironment in pediatric classical Hodgkin lymphoma and has impact on survival. PLoS One 10(5):e0124531","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"2985_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12814","DOI":"10.1111\/sji.12814","volume":"91","author":"X Xu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Xu X, Li Z, Liu J, Zhu F, Wang Z, Wang J, Zhang J, Wang H, Zhai Z (2020) The prognostic value of tumour-associated macrophages in Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Scand J Immunol 91(1):e12814","journal-title":"Scand J Immunol"},{"key":"2985_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2018.00147","volume":"8","author":"LV Pham","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pham LV, Pogue E, Ford RJ (2018) The role of macrophage\/B-cell interactions in the pathophysiology of B-cell lymphomas. Front Oncol 8:147","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2985_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1309\/QHD6YFN81KQXUUH6","volume":"122","author":"SK Lau","year":"2004","unstructured":"Lau SK, Chu PG, Weiss LM (2004) Cd163. American Journal of Clinical Pathology 122(5):794\u2013801","journal-title":"American Journal of Clinical Pathology"},{"key":"2985_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pathmechdis-012418-012718","volume":"15","author":"M Locati","year":"2020","unstructured":"Locati M, Curtale G, Mantovani A (2020) Diversity, mechanisms, and significance of macrophage plasticity. Annu Rev Pathol 15:123\u2013147","journal-title":"Annu Rev Pathol"},{"key":"2985_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/816460","volume":"2015","author":"T Roszer","year":"2015","unstructured":"Roszer T (2015) Understanding the mysterious M2 macrophage through activation markers and effector mechanisms. Mediators of Inflammation 2015:1\u201316","journal-title":"Mediators of Inflammation"},{"issue":"11","key":"2985_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e80908","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0080908","volume":"8","author":"MH Barros","year":"2013","unstructured":"Barros MH, Hauck F, Dreyer JH, Kempkes B, Niedobitek G (2013) Macrophage polarisation: an immunohistochemical approach for identifying M1 and M2 macrophages. PLoS One 8(11):e80908","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"2985_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2016.199","volume":"30","author":"J Morscio","year":"2017","unstructured":"Morscio J, Finalet Ferreiro J, Vander Borght S, Bittoun E, Gheysens O, Dierickx D, Verhoef G, Wlodarska I, Tousseyn T (2017) Identification of distinct subgroups of EBV-positive post-transplant diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Mod Pathol 30(3):370\u2013381","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"2985_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1186\/s13027-020-00292-w","volume":"15","author":"M Granai","year":"2020","unstructured":"Granai M, Mundo L, Akarca AU, Siciliano MC, Rizvi H, Mancini V, Onyango N, Nyagol J, Abinya NO, Maha I, Margielewska S, Wi W, Bibas M, Piccaluga PP, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Fend F, Lazzi S, Leoncini L, Marafioti T (2020) Immune landscape in Burkitt lymphoma reveals M2-macrophage polarization and correlation between PD-L1 expression and non-canonical EBV latency program. Infect Agent Cancer 15:28","journal-title":"Infect Agent Cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"2985_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1002\/1878-0261.12616","volume":"14","author":"A Arlt","year":"2020","unstructured":"Arlt A, von Bonin F, Rehberg T, Perez-Rubio P, Engelmann JC, Limm K, Reinke S, Dullin C, Sun X, Specht R, Maulhardt M, Linke F, Bunt G, Klapper W, Vockerodt M, Wilting J, Pukrop T, Dettmer K, Gronwald W, Oefner PJ, Spang R, Kube D (2020) High CD206 levels in Hodgkin lymphoma-educated macrophages are linked to matrix-remodeling and lymphoma dissemination. Mol Oncol 14(3):571\u2013589","journal-title":"Mol Oncol"},{"issue":"11","key":"2985_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2603","DOI":"10.3109\/10428194.2016.1160088","volume":"57","author":"B Federmann","year":"2016","unstructured":"Federmann B, Bonzheim I, Schittenhelm J, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Mankel B, Vogel W, Faul C, Bethge W, Fend F (2016) EBV-negative aggressive B-cell lymphomas of donor origin after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a report of three cases. Leuk Lymphoma 57(11):2603\u20132611","journal-title":"Leuk Lymphoma"},{"issue":"8-9","key":"2985_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2005.06.011","volume":"40","author":"A Tzankov","year":"2005","unstructured":"Tzankov A, Went P, Zimpfer A, Dirnhofer S (2005) Tissue microarray technology: principles, pitfalls and perspectives--lessons learned from hematological malignancies. Exp Gerontol 40(8-9):737\u2013744","journal-title":"Exp Gerontol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2985_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2257","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2403202","volume":"17","author":"JJ van Dongen","year":"2003","unstructured":"van Dongen JJ, Langerak AW, Bruggemann M, Evans PA, Hummel M, Lavender FL, Delabesse E, Davi F, Schuuring E, Garcia-Sanz R, van Krieken JH, Droese J, Gonzalez D, Bastard C, White HE, Spaargaren M, Gonzalez M, Parreira A, Smith JL, Morgan GJ, Kneba M, Macintyre EA (2003) Design and standardization of PCR primers and protocols for detection of clonal immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor gene recombinations in suspect lymphoproliferations: report of the BIOMED-2 Concerted Action BMH4-CT98-3936. Leukemia 17(12):2257\u20132317","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"issue":"10","key":"2985_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2159","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2012.246","volume":"26","author":"AW Langerak","year":"2012","unstructured":"Langerak AW, Groenen PJ, Bruggemann M, Beldjord K, Bellan C, Bonello L, Boone E, Carter GI, Catherwood M, Davi F, Delfau-Larue MH, Diss T, Evans PA, Gameiro P, Garcia Sanz R, Gonzalez D, Grand D, Hakansson A, Hummel M, Liu H, Lombardia L, Macintyre EA, Milner BJ, Montes-Moreno S, Schuuring E, Spaargaren M, Hodges E, van Dongen JJ (2012) EuroClonality\/BIOMED-2 guidelines for interpretation and reporting of Ig\/TCR clonality testing in suspected lymphoproliferations. Leukemia 26(10):2159\u20132171","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"2985_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Vogelsberg A, Steinhilber J, Mankel B, Federmann B, Schmidt J, Montes-Mojarro IA, Huttl K, Rodriguez-Pinilla M, Baskaran P, Nahnsen S, Piris MA, Ott G, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Bonzheim I, Fend F (2020) Genetic evolution of in situ follicular neoplasia to aggressive B-cell lymphoma of germinal center subtype. Haematologica. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3324\/haematol.2020.254854","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2020.254854"},{"issue":"5","key":"2985_CR31","first-page":"3251","volume":"25","author":"I Drobinskaya","year":"2005","unstructured":"Drobinskaya I, Gabbert HE, Moeslein G, Mueller W (2005) A new method for optimizing multiplex DNA microsatellite analysis in low quality archival specimens. Anticancer Res 25(5):3251\u20133258","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"2985_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1186\/s40164-017-0087-0","volume":"6","author":"R Bishnoi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bishnoi R, Bajwa R, Franke AJ, Skelton WP, Wang Y, Patel NM, Slayton WB, Zou F, Dang NH (2017) Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD): single institutional experience of 141 patients. Exp Hematol Oncol 6:26","journal-title":"Exp Hematol Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2985_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2011.03896.x","volume":"12","author":"S Caillard","year":"2012","unstructured":"Caillard S, Lamy FX, Quelen C, Dantal J, Lebranchu Y, Lang P, Velten M, Moulin B, French Transplant C (2012) Epidemiology of posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders in adult kidney and kidney pancreas recipients: report of the French registry and analysis of subgroups of lymphomas. Am J Transplant 12(3):682\u2013693","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"issue":"1","key":"2985_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1080\/10428194.2018.1474462","volume":"60","author":"S Romero","year":"2019","unstructured":"Romero S, Montoro J, Guinot M, Almenar L, Andreu R, Balaguer A, Beneyto I, Espi J, Gomez-Codina J, Iacoboni G, Jarque I, Lopez-Andujar R, Mayordomo-Aranda E, Montalar J, Pastor A, Pastor M, Pinana JL, Rojas-Ferrer N, Sanchez-Lazaro I, Sandoval J, Sanz G, Sanz MA, Sole A, Sanz J (2019) Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders after solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Leuk Lymphoma 60(1):142\u2013150","journal-title":"Leuk Lymphoma"},{"issue":"1","key":"2985_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0b013e318277e344","volume":"95","author":"T Schober","year":"2013","unstructured":"Schober T, Framke T, Kreipe H, Schulz TF, Grosshennig A, Hussein K, Baumann U, Pape L, Schubert S, Wingen AM, Jack T, Koch A, Klein C, Maecker-Kolhoff B (2013) Characteristics of early and late PTLD development in pediatric solid organ transplant recipients. Transplantation 95(1):240\u2013246","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"2985_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150835","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/150835","volume":"2013","author":"J Morscio","year":"2013","unstructured":"Morscio J, Dierickx D, Tousseyn T (2013) Molecular pathogenesis of B-cell posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder: what do we know so far? Clin Dev Immunol 2013:150835","journal-title":"Clin Dev Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2985_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1002\/path.2555","volume":"218","author":"D Capello","year":"2009","unstructured":"Capello D, Rasi S, Oreste P, Veronese S, Cerri M, Ravelli E, Rossi D, Minola E, Colosimo A, Gambacorta M, Muti G, Morra E, Gaidano G (2009) Molecular characterization of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders of donor origin occurring in liver transplant recipients. J Pathol 218(4):478\u2013486","journal-title":"J Pathol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2985_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199307013290105","volume":"329","author":"IJ Spiro","year":"1993","unstructured":"Spiro IJ, Yandell DW, Li C, Saini S, Ferry J, Powelson J, Katkov WN, Cosimi AB (1993) Brief report: lymphoma of donor origin occurring in the porta hepatis of a transplanted liver. N Engl J Med 329(1):27\u201329","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"2985_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-018-0014-x","volume":"24","author":"M Binnewies","year":"2018","unstructured":"Binnewies M, Roberts EW, Kersten K, Chan V, Fearon DF, Merad M, Coussens LM, Gabrilovich DI, Ostrand-Rosenberg S, Hedrick CC, Vonderheide RH, Pittet MJ, Jain RK, Zou W, Howcroft TK, Woodhouse EC, Weinberg RA, Krummel MF (2018) Understanding the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) for effective therapy. Nat Med 24(5):541\u2013550","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"2985_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2014.104968","volume":"99","author":"F Fend","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fend F, Quintanilla-Martinez L (2014) Assessing the prognostic impact of immune cell infiltrates in follicular lymphoma. Haematologica 99(4):599\u2013602","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"2985_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctro.2019.05.001","volume":"17","author":"SL Lee","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lee SL, Cabanero M, Hyrcza M, Butler M, Liu FF, Hansen A, Huang SH, Tsao MS, Song Y, Lu L, Xu W, Chepeha DB, Goldstein DP, Weinreb I, Bratman SV (2019) Computer-assisted image analysis of the tumor microenvironment on an oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma tissue microarray. Clin Transl Radiat Oncol 17:32\u201339","journal-title":"Clin Transl Radiat Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2985_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.5500\/wjt.v6.i3.505","volume":"6","author":"J Morscio","year":"2016","unstructured":"Morscio J, Tousseyn T (2016) Recent insights in the pathogenesis of post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorders. World J Transplant 6(3):505\u2013516","journal-title":"World J Transplant"},{"key":"2985_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2018.11.066","volume":"39","author":"P De Silva","year":"2019","unstructured":"De Silva P, Garaud S, Solinas C, de Wind A, Van den Eyden G, Jose V, Gu-Trantien C, Migliori E, Boisson A, Naveaux C, Duvillier H, Craciun L, Larsimont D, Piccart-Gebhart M, Willard-Gallo K (2019) FOXP1 negatively regulates tumor infiltrating lymphocyte migration in human breast cancer. EBioMedicine 39:226\u2013238","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"2985_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00146","volume":"10","author":"MHM Barros","year":"2019","unstructured":"Barros MHM, Vera-Lozada G, Segges P, Hassan R, Niedobitek G (2019) Revisiting the tissue microenvironment of infectious mononucleosis: identification of EBV infection in T cells and deep characterization of immune profiles. Front Immunol 10:146","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"6230","key":"2985_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaa8172","volume":"348","author":"P Sharma","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sharma P, Allison JP (2015) The future of immune checkpoint therapy. Science 348(6230):56\u201361","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"2985_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1080\/10428194.2018.1480767","volume":"60","author":"A Kinch","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kinch A, Sundstrom C, Baecklund E, Backlin C, Molin D, Enblad G (2019) Expression of PD-1, PD-L1, and PD-L2 in posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder after solid organ transplantation. Leuk Lymphoma 60(2):376\u2013384","journal-title":"Leuk Lymphoma"},{"issue":"2","key":"2985_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/aqw216","volume":"147","author":"D de Jong","year":"2017","unstructured":"de Jong D, Roemer MG, Chan JK, Goodlad J, Gratzinger D, Chadburn A, Jaffe ES, Said J, Natkunam Y (2017) B-cell and classical Hodgkin lymphomas associated with immunodeficiency: 2015 SH\/EAHP Workshop Report-Part 2. Am J Clin Pathol 147(2):153\u2013170","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2985_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2013.03.020","volume":"153","author":"A Lujambio","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lujambio A, Akkari L, Simon J, Grace D, Tschaharganeh DF, Bolden JE, Zhao Z, Thapar V, Joyce JA, Krizhanovsky V, Lowe SW (2013) Non-cell-autonomous tumor suppression by p53. Cell 153(2):449\u2013460","journal-title":"Cell"}],"container-title":["Virchows Archiv"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00428-020-02985-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00428-020-02985-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00428-020-02985-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,15]],"date-time":"2023-10-15T10:24:36Z","timestamp":1697365476000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00428-020-02985-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,15]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]}},"alternative-id":["2985"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00428-020-02985-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0945-6317","1432-2307"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0945-6317","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-2307","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 October 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 October 2020","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 December 2020","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 December 2020","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interests"}},{"value":"The project was approved by the local Ethics Committee (T\u00fc 096\/2016B02)","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}}]}}