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These aberrations are mutually exclusive and can be found in approximately 80\u201390% of uterine leiomyoma, in which they seem to be a driver event. Approximately 10% of uterine leiomyoma, however, does not belong to any of these categories. Uterine leiomyoma with HMGA2 overexpression is the most common subtype in cellular and second most common category of usual leiomyoma. In some of these tumors, rearrangement of <jats:italic>HMGA2<\/jats:italic> gene is present. The most common fusion partner of <jats:italic>HMGA2<\/jats:italic> gene is <jats:italic>RAD51B<\/jats:italic>. Limited data suggests that <jats:italic>RAD51B<\/jats:italic> fusions with other genes may be present in uterine leiomyoma. In our study, we described two cases of uterine leiomyoma with <jats:italic>RAD51B::NUDT3<\/jats:italic> fusion, which occur in one case of usual and one case of highly cellular leiomyoma. In both cases, no other driver molecular aberrations were found. The results of our study showed that <jats:italic>RAD51::NUDT3<\/jats:italic> fusion can occur in both usual and cellular leiomyoma. <jats:italic>RAD51B<\/jats:italic> may be a fusion partner of multiple genes other than <jats:italic>HMGA2<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>HMGA1.<\/jats:italic> In these cases, <jats:italic>RAD51B<\/jats:italic> fusion seems to be mutually exclusive with other driver aberrations defining molecular leiomyoma subtypes. <jats:italic>RAD51B::NUDT3<\/jats:italic> fusion should be added to the spectrum of fusions which may occur in uterine leiomyoma, which can be of value especially in cellular leiomyoma in the context of differential diagnosis against endometrial stromal tumors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-023-03603-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,19]],"date-time":"2023-07-19T06:02:52Z","timestamp":1689746572000},"page":"1015-1022","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Uterine leiomyoma with RAD51B::NUDT3 fusion: a report of 2 cases"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"484","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8940-6124","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pavel","family":"Dundr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alba","family":"Machado-Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aymara","family":"Mas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zuzana","family":"V\u011bckov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michal","family":"M\u00e1ra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ad\u00e9la","family":"Richt\u00e1rov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Radoslav","family":"Mat\u011bj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivana","family":"Stru\u017einsk\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michaela","family":"Kendall B\u00e1rt\u016f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krist\u00fdna","family":"N\u011bmejcov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji\u0159\u00ed","family":"Dvo\u0159\u00e1k","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Hojn\u00fd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"3603_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.14640","volume":"124","author":"EA Stewart","year":"2017","unstructured":"Stewart EA, Cookson CL, Gandolfo RA, Schulze-Rath R (2017) Epidemiology of uterine fibroids: a systematic review. 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