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These disorders were the topic of Session 1 of the Lymphoma Workshop at the 2024 EA4HP in Dubrovnik, Croatia. In this report, we summarize the features of the 85 submitted cases and review the differential diagnosis, pitfalls, and advances for all CD subtypes. Specifically, the molecular landscape of unicentric CD and its relationship with follicular dendritic cell proliferations and indolent T-lymphoblastic proliferation will be discussed. The spectrum of idiopathic multicentric CD (MCD), TAFRO syndrome, as well as the clinical and histopathological peculiarities of POEMS-CD, is reviewed. Cases of Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus\/human herpesvirus 8 (KSHV\/HHV8)\u2009+\u2009MCD were the most complicated and well demonstrated the difficulties and overlaps in the differential diagnosis of KSHV\/HHV8\u2009+\u2009lymphoproliferative disorders. Finally, the important topic of CD mimickers will be addressed, demonstrating how the integration of clinical, laboratory, histopathological, and molecular data is mandatory to confirm a diagnosis of CD and how to distinguish it from the many neoplastic, autoimmune, and infective mimickers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-025-04171-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,12]],"date-time":"2025-07-12T02:24:31Z","timestamp":1752287071000},"page":"253-273","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The morphological spectrum of Castleman disease and related disorders: a report from the Lymphoma Workshop of the 22nd Meeting of the European Association of Hematopathology"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"487","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8332-3627","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gorana","family":"Gasljevic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3258-0727","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arturo","family":"Bonometti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5043-6043","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ioannis","family":"Anagnostopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5099-3675","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olga","family":"Balagu\u00e8","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8871-6254","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michiel","family":"Van den Brand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0456-8085","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James R.","family":"Cook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5375-7512","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Camille","family":"Laurent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0055-325X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maurilio","family":"Ponzoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7156-5365","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leticia","family":"Quintanilla-Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1214-1340","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Birgitta","family":"Sander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5250-3159","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefan","family":"Dirnhofer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"4171_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(195607\/08)9:4<822::aid-cncr2820090430>3.0.co;2-4","volume":"9","author":"B Castleman","year":"1956","unstructured":"Castleman B, Iverson L, Menendez VP (1956) Localized mediastinal lymphnode hyperplasia resembling thymoma. 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