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However, salivary neoplasms recapitulating carcinoma showing thymus-like elements (CASTLE) have been the subject of recent case reports. We reviewed clinicopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular findings in 20 salivary gland tumors with thymus-like phenotype (18 histologically benign and two with malignant component). Original diagnoses were NSLA (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200911) and unclassified thymus-like lymphoepithelial neoplasms (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20099). Patients were 13 males and 7 females aged 28 to 83\u00a0years (median, 61). All tumors originated in the parotid with a median tumor size of 2.7\u00a0cm. A cystic component was noted in eight cases (40%). Histologically, the tumors were composed of large squamoid cells with indistinct cell borders, forming large irregular branching and anastomosing aggregates within lymphoid stroma with Hassall corpuscle-like structures and intraepithelial sprinkling of lymphocytes. All tumors were diffusely\u00a0positive for p63\/p40 and CK5\/CK14. CD5 and CD117 were expressed in 13\/20 (65%) and 15\/19 (79%) cases, respectively. The malignant component in two cases showed lower CD5\/CD117 expression. Targeted DNA sequencing revealed pathogenic\/likely pathogenic\n                    <jats:italic>CYLD<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutations in 4\/7 cases (57%). One case each had a mutation in\n                    <jats:italic>TAF1<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009+\u2009\n                    <jats:italic>WISP3<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>DNMT3A<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>BCOR<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Targeted RNA sequencing revealed a\n                    <jats:italic>YAP1::MAML2<\/jats:italic>\n                    fusion in 1\/7 cases. This is the first systematic study addressing the concept of thymus-like phenotype in benign lymphoepithelial salivary gland tumors, showing that the majority of NSLAs (65%) belong to this poorly characterized category. Frequent\n                    <jats:italic>CYLD<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutations in these histologically distinct\u00a0tumors represent a novel addition to\u00a0the spectrum of\n                    <jats:italic>CYLD<\/jats:italic>\n                    -mutated salivary neoplasms.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-025-04234-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,6]],"date-time":"2025-09-06T06:12:33Z","timestamp":1757139153000},"page":"981-992","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Thymus-like phenotype in benign lymphoepithelial neoplasms of salivary glands: clinicopathological and molecular characterization and reappraisal of relationship to non-sebaceous lymphadenoma"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"488","author":[{"given":"Abbas","family":"Agaimy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Laco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Schubart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Stoehr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars","family":"T\u00f6gel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephan","family":"Ihrler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"4234_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1007\/s004280050347","volume":"434","author":"S Ihrler","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ihrler S, Zietz C, Sendelhofert A, Riederer A, L\u00f6hrs U (1999) Lymphoepithelial duct lesions in Sjogren-type sialadenitis. 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