{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T03:10:30Z","timestamp":1779246630855,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779235200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779235200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Virchows Arch"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-026-04593-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T03:03:16Z","timestamp":1779246196000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["GLI1-fusion neoplasm of the tongue: report of a pediatric case associated with SHOX deficiency disorder"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0239-4619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rana S.","family":"Alshagroud","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0266-0172","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reem M.","family":"Alrabiah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4959-7077","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rasha S.","family":"AlRasheed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-5034-7044","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bader M.","family":"Aldawsari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2939-5862","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ioannis G.","family":"Koutlas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"4593_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1645","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)63723-6","volume":"164","author":"A Dahl\u00e9n","year":"2004","unstructured":"Dahl\u00e9n A, Fletcher CDM, Mertens F, Fletcher JA, Perez-Atayde AR, Hicks MJ et al (2004) Activation of the GLI Oncogene through Fusion with the \u03b2-Actin Gene (ACTB) in a Group of Distinctive Pericytic Neoplasms: Pericytoma with t(7;12). Am J Pathol Elsevier 164:1645\u20131653. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)63723-6","journal-title":"Am J Pathol Elsevier"},{"key":"4593_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000001010","author":"CR Antonescu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Antonescu CR, Agaram NP, Sung Y-S, Zhang L, Swanson D, Dickson BC (2018) A distinct malignant epithelioid neoplasm with GLI1 gene rearrangements, frequent S100 protein expression, and metastatic potential: expanding the spectrum of pathologic entities with: ACTB\/MALAT1\/PTCH1: -: GLI1: fusions. Am J Surg Pathol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/PAS.0000000000001010","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"4593_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.1007\/s12105-022-01476-z","volume":"16","author":"DN Palsgrove","year":"2022","unstructured":"Palsgrove DN, Rooper LM, Stevens TM, Shin C, Damm DD, Gagan J et al (2022) GLI1-Altered Soft Tissue Tumors of the Head and Neck: Frequent Oropharyngeal Involvement, p16 Immunoreactivity, and Detectable Alterations by DDIT3 Break Apart FISH. Head Neck Pathol 16:1146\u20131156. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12105-022-01476-z","journal-title":"Head Neck Pathol"},{"key":"4593_CR4","unstructured":"Dickson B, Bishop J, WHO Classification of Tumours Editorial Board (2022) GLI1-altered soft tissue tumour. Head and Neck Tumours. vol. 9. 5th edition. WHO classification of tumours series. International Agency for Research on Cancer"},{"key":"4593_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000002272","author":"C Saoud","year":"2024","unstructured":"Saoud C, Agaimy A, Dermawan JK, Chen J-F, Rosenblum MK, Dickson BC et al (2024) A comprehensive clinicopathologic and molecular reappraisal of GLI1-altered mesenchymal tumors with pooled outcome analysis showing poor survival in GLI1-amplified versus GLI1-rearranged tumors. Am J Surg Pathol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/PAS.0000000000002272","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"4593_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2021.10.007","volume":"134","author":"H Zhong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhong H, Xu C, Chen X, Guo X, Yang S (2022) GLI1-altered epithelioid soft tissue tumor: A newly described entity with a predilection for the tongue. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. Elsevier 134:e14\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.oooo.2021.10.007","journal-title":"Elsevier"},{"key":"4593_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000001439","author":"B Xu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Xu B, Chang K, Folpe AL, Kao Y-C, Wey S-L, Huang H-Y et al (2020) Head and neck mesenchymal neoplasms with GLI1 gene alterations: a pathologic entity with distinct histologic features and potential for distant metastasis. Am J Surg Pathol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/PAS.0000000000001439","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"4593_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1007\/s12105-022-01418-9","volume":"16","author":"B Xu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xu B (2022) Proceedings of the North American Society of Head and Neck Pathology, Angeles L, March CA (2022) 20, emerging bone and soft tissue neoplasms in the head and neck region. Head Neck Pathol 16:158\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12105-022-01418-9","journal-title":"Head Neck Pathol"},{"key":"4593_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.modpat.2023.100386","author":"DA Kerr","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kerr DA, Cloutier JM, Margolis M, Mata DA, Rodrigues Simoes NJ, Faquin WC et al (2024) GLI1-altered mesenchymal tumors with ACTB or PTCH1 fusion: a molecular and clinicopathologic analysis. Mod Pathol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.modpat.2023.100386","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"4593_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.modpat.2024.100635","author":"MCF Yeung","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yeung MCF, Liu APY, Wong S-I, Loong HH, Shek TWH (2025) GLI1-altered mesenchymal tumor\u2014multiomic characterization of a case series and patient-level meta-analysis of one hundred sixty-seven cases for risk stratification. Mod Pathol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.modpat.2024.100635","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"4593_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-021-03224-0","volume":"480","author":"J Liu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liu J, Mao R, Lao IW, Yu L, Bai Q, Zhou X et al (2022) GLI1-altered mesenchymal tumor: a clinicopathological and molecular analysis of ten additional cases of an emerging entity. Virchows Arch 480:1087\u20131099. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00428-021-03224-0","journal-title":"Virchows Arch"},{"key":"4593_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1159\/000324105","volume":"75","author":"G Binder","year":"2011","unstructured":"Binder G (2011) Short stature due to SHOX deficiency: genotype, phenotype, and therapy. Horm Res Paediatr 75:81\u201389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000324105","journal-title":"Horm Res Paediatr"},{"key":"4593_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2016-1036","volume":"37","author":"A Marchini","year":"2016","unstructured":"Marchini A, Ogata T, Rappold GA (2016) A Track Record on SHOX: From Basic Research to Complex Models and Therapy. Endocr Rev 37:417\u2013448. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/er.2016-1036","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"4593_CR14","volume-title":"GeneReviews\u00ae","author":"G Binder","year":"2024","unstructured":"Binder G, Rappold GA (2024) SHOX Deficiency Disorders. In: Adam MPBSMGM et al (eds) GeneReviews\u00ae. University of Washington, Seattle, Seattle, WA"},{"key":"4593_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1619","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddt552","volume":"23","author":"G Hristov","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hristov G, Marttila T, Durand C, Niesler B, Rappold GA, Marchini A (2014) SHOX triggers the lysosomal pathway of apoptosis via oxidative stress. Hum Mol Genet 23:1619\u20131630. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/hmg\/ddt552","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"4593_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1002\/em.22347","volume":"61","author":"RWL Godschalk","year":"2020","unstructured":"Godschalk RWL, Yauk CL, van Benthem J, Douglas GR, Marchetti F (2020) In utero exposure to genotoxicants leading to genetic mosaicism: an overlooked window of susceptibility in genetic toxicology testing? Environ Mol Mutagen 61:55\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/em.22347","journal-title":"Environ Mol Mutagen"},{"key":"4593_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/genes16070736","author":"JB Murry","year":"2025","unstructured":"Murry JB, DuPont BR (2025) Characterization of constitutional ring chromosomes over 37 years of experience at a single-site institution. Genes (Basel). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/genes16070736","journal-title":"Genes (Basel)"}],"container-title":["Virchows Archiv"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00428-026-04593-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00428-026-04593-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00428-026-04593-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T03:03:23Z","timestamp":1779246203000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00428-026-04593-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]]},"references-count":17,"alternative-id":["4593"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00428-026-04593-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0945-6317","1432-2307"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0945-6317","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-2307","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"4 March 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 May 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 May 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 May 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Informed consent for publication was obtained from the patient\u2019s guardian.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}