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PubMed\/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Embase were searched through 6 May 2026; complementary genomic, citation, and supplementary-data searches continued through 19 July 2026. Analyses addressed prevalence in strict Bethesda III\/IV nodules, tissue-verified outcomes in\n                    <jats:italic>EIF1AX<\/jats:italic>\n                    -positive Bethesda III\/IV nodules, and prevalence in WHO- or Turin-defined poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC) and histology-defined anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) cohorts not molecularly preselected. Proportions were pooled with binomial-normal generalized linear mixed models; study intervals were exact Clopper-Pearson intervals and heterogeneity was \u03c4\u00b2 on the logit scale. Among 43 reports, 13 contributed to a primary estimate and 17 to a primary or sensitivity analysis.\n                    <jats:italic>EIF1AX<\/jats:italic>\n                    prevalence in three strict Bethesda III\/IV cohorts was 4.75% (92\/1935; 95% CI, 3.89%\u20135.80%; \u03c4\u00b2=0.000). Malignant histology occurred in 50\/117 tissue-verified nodules (40.77%; 95% CI, 24.59%\u201359.24%; \u03c4\u00b2=0.413). Including noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP)\/borderline outcomes and compatible Desai and Connelly data yielded 64\/124 (48.16%; 95% CI, 30.69%\u201366.10%; \u03c4\u00b2=0.497). Prevalence was 6.15% in PDTC (11\/136; 95% CI, 2.04%\u201317.12%; \u03c4\u00b2=0.455) and 15.06% in ATC (25\/162; 95% CI, 9.19%\u201323.70%; \u03c4\u00b2=0.154).\n                    <jats:italic>EIF1AX<\/jats:italic>\n                    is uncommon in indeterminate cytology and is not a stand-alone rule-in marker. Interpretation requires variant class, co-alterations, assay, verification, and histologic context.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-026-04708-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T07:57:13Z","timestamp":1790755033000},"page":"813-828","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["EIF1AX Mutations in thyroid nodules and advanced thyroid carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"489","author":[{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Fiorentino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrizia","family":"Straccia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3819-4229","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esther Diana","family":"Rossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"4708_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncy.70065","volume":"134","author":"V Fiorentino","year":"2026","unstructured":"Fiorentino V, Giordano W, Pizzimenti C, Zuccal\u00e0 V, Ieni A, Molinario C et al (2026) Molecular profiling of thyroid nodules on cytologic samples: findings from an Italian multi-institutional cohort. 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