{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T09:44:24Z","timestamp":1790761464988,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,9]],"date-time":"2021-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628467200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,9]],"date-time":"2021-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628467200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002661","name":"Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["30991544"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["30991544"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002661","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Struct Funct"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The extent to which faces and written words share neural circuitry in the human brain is actively debated. Here, we compare face-selective and word-selective responses in a large group of patients (\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200937) implanted with intracerebral electrodes in the ventral occipito-temporal cortex (VOTC). Both face-selective (i.e., significantly different responses to faces vs. non-face visual objects) and word-selective (i.e., significantly different responses to words vs. pseudofonts) neural activity is isolated with frequency-tagging. Critically, this sensitive approach allows to objectively quantify category-selective neural responses and disentangle them from general visual responses. About 70% of significant electrode contacts show either face-selectivity or word-selectivity only, with the expected right and left hemispheric dominance, respectively. Spatial dissociations are also found within core regions of face and word processing, with a medio-lateral dissociation in the fusiform gyrus (FG) and surrounding sulci, respectively. In the 30% of overlapping face- and word-selective contacts across the VOTC or in the FG and surrounding sulci, between-category-selective amplitudes (faces vs. words) show no-to-weak correlations, despite strong correlations in both the within-category-selective amplitudes (face\u2013face, word\u2013word) and the general visual responses to words and faces. Overall, these observations support the view that category-selective circuitry for faces and written words is largely dissociated in the human adult VOTC.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-021-02350-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,9]],"date-time":"2021-08-09T04:03:21Z","timestamp":1628481801000},"page":"3031-3049","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Dissociated face- and word-selective intracerebral responses in the human ventral occipito-temporal cortex"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"226","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8293-9518","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simen","family":"Hagen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aliette","family":"Lochy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corentin","family":"Jacques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louis","family":"Maillard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Colnat-Coulbois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacques","family":"Jonas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Rossion","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2350_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1994.71.2.821","volume":"71","author":"T Allison","year":"1994","unstructured":"Allison T, Ginter H, McCarthy G, Nobre AC, Puce AINA, Luby MARIE, Spencer DD (1994) Face recognition in human extrastriate cortex. J Neurophysiol 71(2):821\u2013825","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"2350_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2864","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00202.2002","volume":"88","author":"T Allison","year":"2002","unstructured":"Allison T, Puce A, McCarthy G (2002) Category-sensitive excitatory and inhibitory processes in human extrastriate cortex. J Neurophysiol 88:2864\u20132868","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2350_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/9.5.415","volume":"9","author":"T Allison","year":"1999","unstructured":"Allison T, Puce A, Spencer DD, McCarthy G (1999) Electrophysiological studies of human face perception. I: Potentials generated in occipitotemporal cortex by face and non-face stimuli. Cereb Cortex 9(5):415\u2013430","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"key":"2350_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9087","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0703300104","volume":"104","author":"CI Baker","year":"2007","unstructured":"Baker CI, Liu J, Wald LL, Kwong KK, Benner T, Kanwisher N (2007) Visual word processing and experiential origins of functional selectivity in human extrastriate cortex. Proc Natl Acad Sci 104:9087\u20139092","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"2350_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandl.2017.09.003","volume":"175","author":"LB B\u00e9dos-Ulvin","year":"2017","unstructured":"B\u00e9dos-Ulvin LB, Jonas J, Brissart H, Colnat-Coulbois S, Thiriaux A, Vignal JP, Maillard L (2017) Intracerebral stimulation of left and right ventral temporal cortex during object naming. Brain Lang 175:71\u201376","journal-title":"Brain Lang"},{"key":"2350_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4502","volume":"20","author":"DS Bassett","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bassett DS, Sporns O (2017) Network neuroscience. Nat Neurosci 20:353","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"2350_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0301006619899049","author":"M Behrmann","year":"2020","unstructured":"Behrmann M, Plaut DC (2020) Hemispheric organization for visual object recognition: a theoretical account and empirical evidence. Perception. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0301006619899049","journal-title":"Perception"},{"key":"2350_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1080\/02643299208252059","volume":"9","author":"M Behrmann","year":"1992","unstructured":"Behrmann M, Bub D (1992) Surface dyslexia and dysgraphia: dual routes, single lexicon. Cogn Neuropsychol 9:209\u2013251","journal-title":"Cogn Neuropsychol"},{"key":"2350_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2013.03.007","volume":"17","author":"M Behrmann","year":"2013","unstructured":"Behrmann M, Plaut DC (2013) Distributed circuits, not circumscribed centers, mediate visual recognition. Trends Cogn Sci 17:210\u2013219","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"2350_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1102","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhs390","volume":"24","author":"M Behrmann","year":"2014","unstructured":"Behrmann M, Plaut DC (2014a) Bilateral hemispheric processing of words and faces: evidence from word impairments in prosopagnosia and face impairments in pure alexia. Cereb Cortex 24(4):1102\u20131118","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"key":"2350_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1102","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhs390","volume":"24","author":"M Behrmann","year":"2014","unstructured":"Behrmann M, Plaut DC (2014b) Bilateral hemispheric processing of words and faces: evidence from word impairments in prosopagnosia and face impairments in pure alexia. Cereb Cortex 24:1102\u20131118","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"key":"2350_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00352849","volume":"179","author":"J Bodamer","year":"1947","unstructured":"Bodamer J (1947) Die prosopagnosie. Arch Psychiatr Nervenkr 179:6\u201353","journal-title":"Arch Psychiatr Nervenkr"},{"key":"2350_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bouvier SE, Engel SA (2006) Behavioral deficits and cortical damage loci in cerebral achromatopsia. Cereb Cortex 16:183\u2013191","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhi096"},{"key":"2350_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bradshaw JL, Nettleton NC (1981) The nature of hemispheric specialization in man. Behav Brain Sci 4(1):51\u201363","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X00007548"},{"issue":"5","key":"2350_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12658","DOI":"10.1111\/desc.12658","volume":"21","author":"TM Centanni","year":"2018","unstructured":"Centanni TM, Norton ES, Park A, Beach SD, Halverson K, Ozernov-Palchik O, Gabrieli JD (2018) Early development of letter specialization in left fusiform is associated with better word reading and smaller fusiform face area. Dev Sci 21(5):e12658","journal-title":"Dev Sci"},{"key":"2350_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2003.12.049","volume":"22","author":"L Cohen","year":"2004","unstructured":"Cohen L, Dehaene S (2004) Specialization within the ventral stream: the case for the visual word form area. Neuroimage 22:466\u2013476","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2350_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cohen L, Dehaene S, Naccache L, Leh\u00e9ricy S, Dehaene-Lambertz G, H\u00e9naff MA, Michel F (2000) The visual word form area: spatial and temporal characterization of an initial stage of reading in normal subjects and posterior split-brain patients. Brain 123(2):291\u2013307","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/123.2.291"},{"key":"2350_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awf094","volume":"125","author":"L Cohen","year":"2002","unstructured":"Cohen L, Leh\u00e9ricy S, Chochon F, Lemer C, Rivaud S, Dehaene S (2002) Language-specific tuning of visual cortex? Functional properties of the Visual Word Form Area. Brain 125:1054\u20131069","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"2350_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cohen AL, Soussand L, Corrow SL, Martinaud O, Barton JJ, Fox MD (2019) Looking beyond the face area: lesion network mapping of prosopagnosia. Brain 142:3975\u20133990","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awz332"},{"key":"2350_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1006\/cbmr.1996.0014","volume":"29","author":"RW Cox","year":"1996","unstructured":"Cox RW (1996) AFNI: software for analysis and visualization of functional magnetic resonance neuroimages. Comput Biomed Res 29:162\u2013173","journal-title":"Comput Biomed Res"},{"key":"2350_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2016.05.009","volume":"1644","author":"J Davies-Thompson","year":"2016","unstructured":"Davies-Thompson J, Johnston S, Tashakkor Y, Pancaroglu R, Barton JJ (2016) The relationship between visual word and face processing lateralization in the fusiform gyri: a cross-sectional study. Brain Res 1644:88\u201397","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"2350_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2019.06.006","volume":"23","author":"HPO de Beeck","year":"2019","unstructured":"de Beeck HPO, Pillet I, Ritchie JB (2019) Factors determining where category-selective areas emerge in visual cortex. Trends Cogn Sci 23:784\u2013797","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"key":"2350_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1194140","volume":"330","author":"S Dehaene","year":"2010","unstructured":"Dehaene S, Pegado F, Braga LW, Ventura P, Nunes Filho G, Jobert A, Cohen L (2010) How learning to read changes the cortical networks for vision and language. Science 330:1359\u20131364","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"2350_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2004103","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.2004103","volume":"16","author":"G Dehaene-Lambertz","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dehaene-Lambertz G, Monzalvo K, Dehaene S (2018) The emergence of the visual word form: Longitudinal evolution of category-specific ventral visual areas during reading acquisition. PLoS Biol 16(3):e2004103","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"key":"2350_CR106","unstructured":"D\u00e9j\u00e9rine J (1892) Contribution \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tude anatomo-pathologi-que et clinique des diff\u00e9 rentes vari\u00e9 t\u00e9 s de c\u00e9 cit\u00e9 verbale. Mem Soc Biol 4:61\u201390"},{"key":"2350_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.2006.18.6.911","volume":"18","author":"JT Devlin","year":"2006","unstructured":"Devlin JT, Jamison HL, Gonnerman LM, Matthews PM (2006) The role of the posterior fusiform gyrus in reading. J Cogn Neurosci 18:911\u2013922","journal-title":"J Cogn Neurosci"},{"key":"2350_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03195595","volume":"36","author":"W Duyck","year":"2004","unstructured":"Duyck W, Desmet T, Verbeke LPC, Brysbaert M (2004) WordGen: a tool for word selection and nonword generation in Dutch, English, German, and French. Behav Res Methods Instrum Comput 36:488\u2013499","journal-title":"Behav Res Methods Instrum Comput"},{"key":"2350_CR24","volume-title":"Neural Darwinism: the theory of neuronal group selection","author":"GM Edelman","year":"1987","unstructured":"Edelman GM (1987) Neural Darwinism: the theory of neuronal group selection. Basic Books, New York"},{"key":"2350_CR25","first-page":"653","volume-title":"Dynamic aspects of neorcortical function","author":"GM Edelman","year":"1985","unstructured":"Edelman GM, Finkel LH (1985) Neuronal group selection in the cerebral cortex. In: Gall E, Edelman G (eds) Dynamic aspects of neorcortical function. Wiley, New York, pp 653\u2013695"},{"key":"2350_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-773250-3.50006-1","volume-title":"Functions of the right cerebral hemisphere","author":"HD Ellis","year":"1983","unstructured":"Ellis HD (1983) The role of the right hemisphere in face perception. In: Young AW (ed) Functions of the right cerebral hemisphere. Academic Press, London, pp 33\u201364"},{"key":"2350_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/02643299108253364","volume":"8","author":"MJ Farah","year":"1991","unstructured":"Farah MJ (1991) Cognitive neuropsychology\u2014patterns of co-occurrence among the associative agnosias: implications for visual object representation. Cogn Neuropsychol 8:1\u201319","journal-title":"Cogn Neuropsychol"},{"key":"2350_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.105.3.482","volume":"105","author":"M Farah","year":"1998","unstructured":"Farah M, Wilson K, Drain M, Tanaka J (1998) What is \u201cspecial\u201d about face perception? Psychol Rev 105:482\u2013498","journal-title":"Psychol Rev"},{"key":"2350_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2006.03.031","volume":"50","author":"R Gaillard","year":"2006","unstructured":"Gaillard R, Naccache L, Pinel P, Cl\u00e9menceau S, Volle E, Hasboun D, Cohen L (2006) Direct intracranial, FMRI, and lesion evidence for the causal role of left inferotemporal cortex in reading. Neuron 50:191\u2013204","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2350_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3747","volume":"15","author":"K Grill-Spector","year":"2014","unstructured":"Grill-Spector K, Weiner KS (2014) The functional architecture of the ventral temporal cortex and its role in categorization. Nat Rev Neurosci 15:536","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"2350_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-vision-102016-061214","volume":"3","author":"K Grill-Spector","year":"2017","unstructured":"Grill-Spector K, Weiner KS, Kay K, Gomez J (2017) The functional neuroanatomy of human face perception. Annu Rev vis Sci 3:167\u2013196","journal-title":"Annu Rev vis Sci"},{"key":"2350_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4026","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhaa022","volume":"30","author":"S Hagen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hagen S, Jacques C, Maillard L, Colnat-Coulbois S, Rossion B, Jonas J (2020) Spatially dissociated intracerebral maps for face- and house-selectivity in the human ventral occipito-temporal cortex. Cereb Cortex 30:4026\u20134043","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"key":"2350_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Halgren E, Baudena P, Heit G, Clarke M, Marinkovic K (1994) Spatio-temporal stages in face and word processing. 1. Depth recorded potentials in the human occipital and parietal lobes. J Physiol 88:1\u201350","DOI":"10.1016\/0928-4257(94)90092-2"},{"key":"2350_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3161","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhv147","volume":"26","author":"RJ Harris","year":"2015","unstructured":"Harris RJ, Rice GE, Young AW, Andrews TJ (2015) Distinct but overlapping patterns of response to words and faces in the fusiform gyrus. Cereb Cortex 26:3161\u20133168","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"key":"2350_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(02)00662-1","volume":"34","author":"U Hasson","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hasson U, Levy I, Behrmann M, Hendler T, Malach R (2002) Eccentricity bias as an organizing principle for human high-order object areas. Neuron 34:479\u2013490","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"9","key":"2350_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aax0262","volume":"5","author":"A Hervais-Adelman","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hervais-Adelman A, Kumar U, Mishra RK, Tripathi VN, Guleria A, Singh JP, Huettig F (2019) Learning to read recycles visual cortical networks without destruction. Sci Adv 5(9):262","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"issue":"29","key":"2350_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8162","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1604126113","volume":"113","author":"EA Hirshorn","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hirshorn EA, Li Y, Ward MJ, Richardson RM, Fiez JA, Ghuman AS (2016) Decoding and disrupting left midfusiform gyrus activity during word reading. Proc Natl Acad Sci 113(29):8162\u20138167","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"2350_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jacques C, Witthoft N, Weiner KS, Foster BL, Rangarajan V, Hermes D, Miller KJ, Parvizi J, Grill-Spector K (2016) Corresponding ECoG and fMRI category-selective signals in human ventral temporal cortex. Neuropsychologia 83:14\u201328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2015.07.024"},{"key":"2350_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E4088","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1522033113","volume":"113","author":"J Jonas","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jonas J, Jacques C, Liu-Shuang J, Brissart H, Colnat-Coulbois S, Maillard L, Rossion B (2016) A face-selective ventral occipito-temporal map of the human brain with intracerebral potentials. Proc Natl Acad Sci 113:E4088\u2013E4097","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"2350_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0157109","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0157109","volume":"11","author":"CM Kadipasaoglu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kadipasaoglu CM, Conner CR, Whaley ML, Baboyan VG, Tandon N (2016) Category-selectivity in human visual cortex follows cortical topology: a grouped icEEG study. PLoS ONE 11:e0157109","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"2350_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2019.04.013","volume":"23","author":"D Kaiser","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kaiser D, Quek GL, Cichy RM, Peelen MV (2019) Object vision in a structured world. Trends Cogn Sci 23:672\u2013685","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"key":"2350_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4302","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.17-11-04302.1997","volume":"17","author":"N Kanwisher","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kanwisher N, McDermott J, Chun MM (1997) The fusiform face area: a module in human extrastriate cortex specialized for face perception. J Neurosci 17:4302\u20134311","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"2350_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2009.02.006","volume":"46","author":"L Koessler","year":"2009","unstructured":"Koessler L, Maillard L, Benhadid A, Vignal JP, Felblinger J, Vespignani H, Braun M (2009) Automated cortical projection of EEG sensors: anatomical correlation via the international 10\u201310 system. Neuroimage 46:64\u201372","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2350_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1038\/87490","volume":"4","author":"I Levy","year":"2001","unstructured":"Levy I, Hasson U, Avidan G, Hendler T, Malach R (2001) Center\u2013periphery organization of human object areas. Nat Neurosci 4:533\u2013539","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"2350_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2018.06.099","volume":"24","author":"TT Liu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Liu TT, Nestor A, Vida MD, Pyles JA, Patterson C, Yang Y, Behrmann M (2018) Successful reorganization of category-selective visual cortex following occipito-temporal lobectomy in childhood. Cell Rep 24:1113\u20131122","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"2350_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2014.11.007","volume":"66","author":"A Lochy","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lochy A, Van Belle G, Rossion B (2015) A robust index of lexical representation in the left occipito-temporal cortex as evidenced by EEG responses to fast periodic visual stimulation. Neuropsychologia 66:18\u201331","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"2350_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E7595","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1718987115","volume":"115","author":"A Lochy","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lochy A, Jacques C, Maillard L, Colnat-Coulbois S, Rossion B, Jonas J (2018) Selective visual representation of letters and words in the left ventral occipito-temporal cortex with intracerebral recordings. Proc Natl Acad Sci 115:E7595\u2013E7604","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"2350_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/S1364-6613(02)01870-3","volume":"6","author":"R Malach","year":"2002","unstructured":"Malach R, Levy I, Hasson U (2002) The topography of high-order human object areas. Trends Cogn Sci 6:176\u2013184","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"2350_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1963","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.22749","volume":"36","author":"A Martin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Martin A, Schurz M, Kronbichler M, Richlan F (2015) Reading in the brain of children and adults: a meta-analysis of 40 functional magnetic resonance imaging studies. Hum Brain Mapping 36(5):1963\u20131981","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapping"},{"key":"2350_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2316","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh246","volume":"127","author":"R Matsumoto","year":"2004","unstructured":"Matsumoto R, Nair DR, LaPresto E, Najm I, Bingaman W, Shibasaki H, L\u00fcders HO (2004) Functional connectivity in the human language system: a cortico-cortical evoked potential study. Brain 127:2316\u20132330","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"2350_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bht319","volume":"25","author":"T Matsuo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Matsuo T, Kawasaki K, Kawai K, Majima K, Masuda H, Murakami H, Hasegawa I (2015) Alternating zones selective to faces and written words in the human ventral occipitotemporal cortex. Cereb Cortex 25:1265\u20131277","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"key":"2350_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13771","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2792-11.2011","volume":"31","author":"S Nasr","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nasr S, Liu N, Devaney KJ, Yue X, Rajimehr R, Ungerleider LG, Tootell RB (2011) Scene-selective cortical regions in human and nonhuman primates. J Neurosci 31:13771\u201313785","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"2350_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1673","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhs158","volume":"23","author":"A Nestor","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nestor A, Behrmann M, Plaut DC (2012) The neural basis of visual word form processing: a multivariate investigation. Cereb Cortex 23:1673\u20131684","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"key":"2350_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.3406\/psy.2001.1341","volume":"101","author":"B New","year":"2001","unstructured":"New B, Pallier C, Ferrand L, Matos R (2001) Une base de donn\u00e9es lexicales du fran\u00e7ais contemporain sur internet: LexiqueTM. Annee Psychol 101:447\u2013462","journal-title":"Annee Psychol"},{"issue":"6503","key":"2350_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1038\/372260a0","volume":"372","author":"AC Nobre","year":"1994","unstructured":"Nobre AC, Allison T, McCarthy G (1994) Word recognition in the human inferior temporal lobe. Nature 372(6503):260\u2013263","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"6","key":"2350_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1167\/15.6.4","volume":"15","author":"AM Norcia","year":"2015","unstructured":"Norcia AM, Appelbaum LG, Ales JM, Cottereau BR, Rossion B (2015) The steady-state visual evoked potential in vision research: a review. J vis 15(6):4\u20134","journal-title":"J vis"},{"key":"2350_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2017.03.033","volume":"105","author":"MV Peelen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Peelen MV, Downing PE (2017) Category selectivity in human visual cortex: beyond visual object recognition. Neuropsychologia 105:177\u2013183","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"2350_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0000680","author":"DG Pelli","year":"2007","unstructured":"Pelli DG, Tillman KA (2007) Parts, wholes, and context in reading: a triple dissociation. PLoS ONE. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0000680","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"2350_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/jneurosci.0456-21.2021","author":"AS Persichetti","year":"2021","unstructured":"Persichetti AS, Denning JM, Gotts SJ, Martin A (2021) A data-driven functional mapping of the anterior temporal lobes. J Neurosci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/jneurosci.0456-21.2021","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"2350_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1080\/02643294.2011.609812","volume":"28","author":"DC Plaut","year":"2011","unstructured":"Plaut DC, Behrmann M (2011) Complementary neural representations for faces and words: A computational exploration. Cogn Neuropsychol 28:251\u2013275","journal-title":"Cogn Neuropsychol"},{"key":"2350_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1995.74.3.1192","volume":"74","author":"A Puce","year":"1995","unstructured":"Puce A, Allison T, Gore JC, McCarthy G (1995) Face-sensitive regions in human extrastriate cortex studied by functional MRI. J Neurophysiol 74:1192\u20131199","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"16","key":"2350_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5205","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.16-16-05205.1996","volume":"16","author":"A Puce","year":"1996","unstructured":"Puce A, Allison T, Asgari M, Gore JC, McCarthy G (1996) Differential sensitivity of human visual cortex to faces, letterstrings, and textures: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study. J Neurosci 16(16):5205\u20135215","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"2350_CR65","volume-title":"Human brain electrophysiology: Evoked potentials and evoked magnetic fields in science and medicine","author":"D Regan","year":"1989","unstructured":"Regan D (1989) Human brain electrophysiology: Evoked potentials and evoked magnetic fields in science and medicine. Elsevier, Amsterdam"},{"key":"2350_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1037\/h0027768","volume":"81","author":"GM Reicher","year":"1969","unstructured":"Reicher GM (1969) Perceptual recognition as a function of meaningfulness of stimulus material. J Exp Psychol 81:275\u2013280","journal-title":"J Exp Psychol"},{"key":"2350_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2021.01.021","volume":"138","author":"GE Rice","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rice GE, Kerry SJ, Robotham RJ, Leff AP, Ralph MAL, Starrfelt R (2021) Category-selective deficits are the exception and not the rule: evidence from a case-series of 64 patients with ventral occipito-temporal cortex damage. Cortex 138:266\u2013281","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"2350_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2015.02.003","volume":"72","author":"DJ Roberts","year":"2015","unstructured":"Roberts DJ, Ralph MAL, Kim E, Tainturier MJ, Beeson PM, Rapcsak SZ, Woollams AM (2015) Processing deficits for familiar and novel faces in patients with left posterior fusiform lesions. Cortex 72:79\u201396","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"2350_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.01547","volume":"8","author":"RJ Robotham","year":"2017","unstructured":"Robotham RJ, Starrfelt R (2017) Face and word recognition can be selectively affected by brain injury or developmental disorders. Front Psychol 8:1547","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"2350_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1080\/13506285.2013.772929","volume":"21","author":"B Rossion","year":"2013","unstructured":"Rossion B (2013) The composite face illusion: a whole window into our understanding of holistic face perception. Vis Cogn 21:139\u2013253","journal-title":"Vis Cogn"},{"key":"2350_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rossion B (2014) Understanding face perception by means of human electrophysiology. Trends Cogn Sci 18:310\u2013318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2014.02.013"},{"key":"2350_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandc.2012.01.001","volume":"79","author":"B Rossion","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rossion B, Hanseeuw B, Dricot L (2012) Defining face perception areas in the human brain: a large-scale factorial fMRI face localizer analysis. Brain Cogn 79:138\u2013157","journal-title":"Brain Cogn"},{"key":"2350_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1167\/15.1.18","volume":"15","author":"B Rossion","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rossion B, Torfs K, Jacques C, Liu-Shuang J (2015) Fast periodic presentation of natural images reveals a robust face-selective electrophysiological response in the human brain. J vis 15:18\u201318","journal-title":"J vis"},{"key":"2350_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.13596","volume":"1426","author":"B Rossion","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rossion B, Jacques C, Jonas J (2018) Mapping face categorization in the human ventral occipitotemporal cortex with direct neural intracranial recordings. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1426:5\u201324","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"2350_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/ons\/opx106","volume":"14","author":"AL Salado","year":"2017","unstructured":"Salado AL, Koessler L, De Mijolla G, Schmitt E, Vignal JP, Civit T, Tyvaert L, Jonas J, Maillard LG, Colnat-Coulbois S (2017) sEEG is a safe procedure for a comprehensive anatomic exploration of the insula: a retrospective study of 108 procedures representing 254 transopercular insular electrodes. Oper Neurosurg 14:1\u20138","journal-title":"Oper Neurosurg"},{"issue":"2","key":"2350_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3001","volume":"15","author":"ZM Saygin","year":"2012","unstructured":"Saygin ZM, Osher DE, Koldewyn K, Reynolds G, Gabrieli JD, Saxe RR (2012) Anatomical connectivity patterns predict face selectivity in the fusiform gyrus. Nat Neurosci 15(2):321\u2013327","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"issue":"9","key":"2350_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4354","volume":"19","author":"ZM Saygin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Saygin ZM, Osher DE, Norton ES, Youssoufian DA, Beach SD, Feather J, Kanwisher N (2016) Connectivity precedes function in the development of the visual word form area. Nat Neurosci 19(9):1250\u20131255","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"2350_CR79","volume-title":"The integrative action of the nervous system","author":"CS Sherrington","year":"1906","unstructured":"Sherrington CS (1906) The integrative action of the nervous system. Yale University Press, New Haven"},{"key":"2350_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20169","volume":"27","author":"M Spiridon","year":"2006","unstructured":"Spiridon M, Fischl B, Kanwisher N (2006) Location and spatial profile of category-specific regions in human extrastriate cortex. Hum Brain Mapp 27:77\u201389","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"key":"2350_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1080\/02643294.2015.1081882","volume":"32","author":"T Susilo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Susilo T, Wright V, Tree JJ, Duchaine B (2015) Acquired prosopagnosia without word recognition deficits. Cogn Neuropsychol 32:321\u2013339","journal-title":"Cogn Neuropsychol"},{"key":"2350_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Talairach J, Bancaud J (1973) Stereotaxic approach to epilepsy. Methodology of anatomo-functional stereotaxic investigations. Prog Neurol Surg 5:297\u2013354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000394343","DOI":"10.1159\/000394343"},{"key":"2350_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1080\/14640749308401045","volume":"46","author":"JW Tanaka","year":"1993","unstructured":"Tanaka JW, Farah MJ (1993) Parts and wholes in face recognition. Q J Exp Psychol 46:225\u2013245","journal-title":"Q J Exp Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2350_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms2220","volume":"3","author":"T Thesen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Thesen T, McDonald CR, Carlson C, Doyle W, Cash S, Sherfey J, Halgren E (2012) Sequential then interactive processing of letters and words in the left fusiform gyrus. Nat Commun 3(1):1\u20138","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2350_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2010.05954.x","volume":"1224","author":"BA Wandell","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wandell BA (2011) The neurobiological basis of seeing words. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1224:63\u201380","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"2350_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2015.03.010","volume":"113","author":"Z Zhen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhen Z, Yang Z, Huang L, Kong XZ, Wang X, Dang X, Huang Y, Song Y, Liu J (2015) Quantifying interindividual variability and asymmetry of face-selective regions: a probabilistic functional atlas. Neuroimage 113:13\u201325","journal-title":"Neuroimage"}],"container-title":["Brain Structure and Function"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00429-021-02350-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00429-021-02350-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00429-021-02350-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,5]],"date-time":"2023-02-05T10:07:51Z","timestamp":1675591671000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00429-021-02350-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,9]]},"references-count":87,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2350"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00429-021-02350-4","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2020.12.23.423819","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1863-2653","1863-2661"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1863-2653","type":"print"},{"value":"1863-2661","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 February 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 July 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 August 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing financial interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This research was approved by the Ethics committee of the University Hospital of Nancy.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"All patients gave written consent to participate to the study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Consent for publication of the faces in Fig.\u00a0\n                      \n                      was obtained.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}}]}}