{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T05:03:50Z","timestamp":1789967030437,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783728000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783728000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"RWTH Aachen University","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04xfq0f34","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Struct Funct"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Perceiving hand gestures and inferring others\u2019 actions and emotions from movements of hands and limbs play an important role in every-day interactions, especially in young children. The perception of categories such as limbs, bodies, or faces is supported by category-selective regions in the temporal lobe. Some category-selective regions, such as those reacting selectively to body parts or limbs, exist both on the ventral and on the lateral side of the temporal lobe, and are part of the ventral and lateral stream, respectively. While it was recently shown that limb-selective regions in the ventral stream shrink from childhood to adulthood, the developmental trajectory of limb-selective regions in the lateral stream remains unknown. To close this gap in knowledge, we acquired functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data in 21 children aged 10\u201312 years and 20 adults while they watched images of 10 visual categories including limbs and whole bodies. We first replicate the decrease of limb-selectivity from childhood to adulthood in the ventral temporal lobe. Across several analyses, our results further demonstrate that limb-selective regions in the lateral temporal lobe shrink as well, particularly in the left hemisphere. Underlining the specificity of our finding, we show that lateral body-selective regions show no significant development from childhood to adulthood. These findings advance our understanding of the developmental trajectories of limb- and body-selective regions and of the ventral and lateral visual streams more broadly.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-026-03152-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T04:29:58Z","timestamp":1783744198000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Limb-selective regions in the lateral temporal lobe shrink from childhood to adulthood"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"231","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-2757-1558","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Selina","family":"Cohnen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Larissa","family":"Kahler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seong Dae","family":"Yun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kerstin","family":"Konrad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5474-9314","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marisa","family":"Nordt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"3152_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/S1364-6613(00)01501-1","volume":"4","author":"T Allison","year":"2000","unstructured":"Allison T, Puce A, McCarthy G (2000) Social perception from visual cues: Role of the STS region. Trends Cogn Sci 4(7):267\u2013278. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1364-6613(00)01501-1","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"3152_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.07.060","volume":"23","author":"TJ Andrews","year":"2004","unstructured":"Andrews TJ, Ewbank MP (2004) Distinct representations for facial identity and changeable aspects of faces in the human temporal lobe. NeuroImage 23(3):905\u2013913. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.07.060","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"2","key":"3152_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1162\/0898929053124884","volume":"17","author":"EH Aylward","year":"2005","unstructured":"Aylward EH, Park JE, Field KM, Parsons AC, Richards TL, Cramer SC, Meltzoff AN (2005) Brain Activation during Face Perception: Evidence of a Developmental Change. J Cogn Neurosci 17(2):308\u2013319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/0898929053124884","journal-title":"J Cogn Neurosci"},{"key":"3152_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2022.105260","volume":"230","author":"E Blythe","year":"2023","unstructured":"Blythe E, Garrido L, Longo MR (2023) Emotion is perceived accurately from isolated body parts, especially hands. Cognition 230:105260. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cognition.2022.105260","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"issue":"40","key":"3152_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1291242024","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1291-24.2024","volume":"44","author":"JA Bourne","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bourne JA, Cichy RM, Kiorpes L, Morrone MC, Arcaro MJ, Nielsen KJ (2024) Development of Higher-Level Vision: A Network Perspective. J Neurosci 44(40):e1291242024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1291-24.2024","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"5","key":"3152_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1443","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00619.2011","volume":"107","author":"S Bracci","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bracci S, Cavina-Pratesi C, Ietswaart M, Caramazza A, Peelen MV (2012) Closely overlapping responses to tools and hands in left lateral occipitotemporal cortex. J Neurophysiol 107(5):1443\u20131456. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/jn.00619.2011","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"3152_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2015.09.001","volume":"84","author":"S Bracci","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bracci S, Cavina-Pratesi C, Connolly JD, Ietswaart M (2016) Representational content of occipitotemporal and parietal tool areas. Neuropsychologia 84:81\u201388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2015.09.001","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"3152_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2017.03.062","volume":"155","author":"L Bugatus","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bugatus L, Weiner KS, Grill-Spector K (2017) Task alters category representations in prefrontal but not high-level visual cortex. NeuroImage 155:437\u2013449. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2017.03.062","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"1","key":"3152_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhq078","volume":"21","author":"JF Cantlon","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cantlon JF, Pinel P, Dehaene S, Pelphrey KA (2011) Cortical Representations of Symbols, Objects, and Faces Are Pruned Back during Early Childhood. Cereb Cortex 21(1):191\u2013199. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cercor\/bhq078","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"key":"3152_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carpenter M, Nagell K, Tomasello M (1998) Social cognition, joint attention, and communicative competence from 9 to 15 months of age. Monogr Soc Res Child Dev, 63(4). https:\/\/www.scopus.com\/pages\/publications\/17044452296","DOI":"10.2307\/1166214"},{"issue":"2","key":"3152_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-012-0411-8","volume":"218","author":"J Caspers","year":"2013","unstructured":"Caspers J, Zilles K, Eickhoff SB, Schleicher A, Mohlberg H, Amunts K (2013) Cytoarchitectonical analysis and probabilistic mapping of two extrastriate areas of the human posterior fusiform gyrus. Brain Struct Function 218(2):511\u2013526. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00429-012-0411-8","journal-title":"Brain Struct Function"},{"issue":"10","key":"3152_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1038\/13217","volume":"2","author":"LL Chao","year":"1999","unstructured":"Chao LL, Haxby JV, Martin A (1999) Attribute-based neural substrates in temporal cortex for perceiving and knowing about objects. Nat Neurosci 2(10):913\u2013919. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/13217","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"issue":"8","key":"3152_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"bhae339","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhae339","volume":"34","author":"A Dalski","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dalski A, Kular H, Jorgensen JG, Grill-Spector K, Grotheer M (2024) Both mOTS-words and pOTS-words prefer emoji stimuli over text stimuli during a lexical judgment task. Cereb Cortex 34(8):bhae339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cercor\/bhae339","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"key":"3152_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dalski A, Schulz A, Klaes M, Pirsch M, Meinhardt M, Ukaj A, Grotheer M (2026) Preliterate symbolic language processing sets the neural stage for learning to read. bioRxiv, 2026\u20132005","DOI":"10.64898\/2026.05.22.726240"},{"issue":"2","key":"3152_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2007.10.004","volume":"56","author":"S Dehaene","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dehaene S, Cohen L (2007) Cultural Recycling of Cortical Maps. Neuron 56(2):384\u2013398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuron.2007.10.004","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"3","key":"3152_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200203040-00015","volume":"13","author":"S Dehaene","year":"2002","unstructured":"Dehaene S, Le Clec\u2019H G, Poline J-B, Le Bihan D, Cohen L (2002) The visual word form area: A prelexical representation of visual words in the fusiform gyrus. NeuroReport 13(3):321\u2013325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00001756-200203040-00015","journal-title":"NeuroReport"},{"issue":"6009","key":"3152_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1194140","volume":"330","author":"S Dehaene","year":"2010","unstructured":"Dehaene S, Pegado F, Braga LW, Ventura P, Filho GN, Jobert A, Dehaene-Lambertz G, Kolinsky R, Morais J, Cohen L (2010) How Learning to Read Changes the Cortical Networks for Vision and Language. Science 330(6009):1359\u20131364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1194140","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"3152_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.11.005","volume":"57","author":"T Dekker","year":"2011","unstructured":"Dekker T, Mareschal D, Sereno MI, Johnson MH (2011) Dorsal and ventral stream activation and object recognition performance in school-age children. NeuroImage 57(3):659\u2013670. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.11.005","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"3152_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2015.05.033","volume":"83","author":"PE Downing","year":"2016","unstructured":"Downing PE, Peelen MV (2016) Body selectivity in occipitotemporal cortex: Causal evidence. Neuropsychologia 83:138\u2013148. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2015.05.033","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"issue":"5539","key":"3152_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2470","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1063414","volume":"293","author":"PE Downing","year":"2001","unstructured":"Downing PE, Jiang Y, Shuman M, Kanwisher N (2001) A Cortical Area Selective for Visual Processing of the Human Body. Science 293(5539):2470\u20132473. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1063414","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"6676","key":"3152_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1038\/33402","volume":"392","author":"R Epstein","year":"1998","unstructured":"Epstein R, Kanwisher N (1998) A cortical representation of the local visual environment. Nature 392(6676):598\u2013601. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/33402","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"4","key":"3152_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-7078.2011.00086.x","volume":"17","author":"MC Frank","year":"2012","unstructured":"Frank MC, Vul E, Saxe R (2012) Measuring the Development of Social Attention Using Free-Viewing. Infancy 17(4):355\u2013375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1532-7078.2011.00086.x","journal-title":"Infancy"},{"issue":"2","key":"3152_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2023.12.009","volume":"34","author":"M Gandolfo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gandolfo M, Abassi E, Balgova E, Downing PE, Papeo L, Koldewyn K (2024) Converging evidence that left extrastriate body area supports visual sensitivity to social interactions. Curr Biol 34(2):343\u2013351e5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cub.2023.12.009","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"issue":"4","key":"3152_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1865","volume":"10","author":"G Golarai","year":"2007","unstructured":"Golarai G, Ghahremani DG, Whitfield-Gabrieli S, Reiss A, Eberhardt JL, Gabrieli JDE, Grill-Spector K (2007) Differential development of high-level visual cortex correlates with category-specific recognition memory. Nat Neurosci 10(4):512\u2013522. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nn1865","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"3152_CR26","first-page":"1057","volume":"3","author":"G Golarai","year":"2010","unstructured":"Golarai G, Liberman A, Yoon J, Grill-Spector K (2010) Differential development of the ventral visual cortex extends through adolescence. Front Hum Neurosci 3:1057","journal-title":"Front Hum Neurosci"},{"issue":"6320","key":"3152_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aag0311","volume":"355","author":"J Gomez","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gomez J, Barnett MA, Natu V, Mezer A, Palomero-Gallagher N, Weiner KS, Amunts K, Zilles K, Grill-Spector K (2017) Microstructural proliferation in human cortex is coupled with the development of face processing. Science 355(6320):68\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.aag0311","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"3152_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2018.11.056","volume":"188","author":"J Gomez","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gomez J, Drain A, Jeska B, Natu VS, Barnett M, Grill-Spector K (2019) Development of population receptive fields in the lateral visual stream improves spatial coding amid stable structural-functional coupling. NeuroImage 188:59\u201369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2018.11.056","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"8","key":"3152_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1038\/77754","volume":"3","author":"K Grill-Spector","year":"2000","unstructured":"Grill-Spector K, Kushnir T, Hendler T, Malach R (2000) The dynamics of object-selective activation correlate with recognition performance in humans. Nat Neurosci 3(8):837\u2013843. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/77754","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"issue":"12","key":"3152_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2125","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.2008.20148","volume":"20","author":"G Hein","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hein G, Knight RT (2008) Superior Temporal Sulcus\u2014It\u2019s My Area: Or Is It? J Cogn Neurosci 20(12):2125\u20132136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/jocn.2008.20148","journal-title":"J Cogn Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"3152_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1037\/dev0000230","volume":"53","author":"S Jayaraman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jayaraman S, Fausey CM, Smith LB (2017) Why are faces denser in the visual experiences of younger than older infants? Dev Psychol 53(1):38\u201349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/dev0000230","journal-title":"Dev Psychol"},{"issue":"11","key":"3152_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4302","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.17-11-04302.1997","volume":"17","author":"N Kanwisher","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kanwisher N, McDermott J, Chun MM (1997) The fusiform face area: a module in human extrastriate cortex specialized for face perception. J Neurosci 17(11):4302\u20134311","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"2","key":"3152_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2021.10.064","volume":"32","author":"HL Kosakowski","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kosakowski HL, Cohen MA, Takahashi A, Keil B, Kanwisher N, Saxe R (2022) Selective responses to faces, scenes, and bodies in the ventral visual pathway of infants. Curr Biol 32(2):265\u2013274e5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cub.2021.10.064","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"key":"3152_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kronbichler M, Hutzler F, Wimmer H, Mair A, Staffen W, Ladurner G (2004) The visual word form area and the frequency with which words are encountered: Evidence from a parametric fMRI study. NeuroImage 21(3). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2003.10.021","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2003.10.021"},{"key":"3152_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100593","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2018.09.003","volume":"36","author":"E Kubota","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kubota E, Joo SJ, Huber E, Yeatman JD (2019) Word selectivity in high-level visual cortex and reading skill. Dev Cogn Neurosci 36:100593. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dcn.2018.09.003","journal-title":"Dev Cogn Neurosci"},{"issue":"6","key":"3152_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2485","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhac221","volume":"33","author":"E Kubota","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kubota E, Grotheer M, Finzi D, Natu VS, Gomez J, Grill-Spector K (2023) White matter connections of high-level visual areas predict cytoarchitecture better than category-selectivity in childhood, but not adulthood. Cereb Cortex 33(6):2485\u20132506. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cercor\/bhac221","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"issue":"1","key":"3152_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2023.09.006","volume":"28","author":"E Kubota","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kubota E, Grill-Spector K, Nordt M (2024) Rethinking cortical recycling in ventral temporal cortex. Trends Cogn Sci 28(1):8\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tics.2023.09.006","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"3152_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11803","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-38854-8","volume":"13","author":"M Linka","year":"2023","unstructured":"Linka M, Sensoy \u00d6, Karimpur H, Schwarzer G, De Haas B (2023) Free viewing biases for complex scenes in preschoolers and adults. Sci Rep 13(1):11803. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-023-38854-8","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"3152_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Linka M, Karimpur H, de Haas B (2025) Protracted development of gaze behaviour. Nat Hum Behav, 1\u201311","DOI":"10.31234\/osf.io\/x7rkw_v2"},{"issue":"3","key":"3152_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-7687.2004.00349.x","volume":"7","author":"U Liszkowski","year":"2004","unstructured":"Liszkowski U, Carpenter M, Henning A, Striano T, Tomasello M (2004) Twelve-month\u2010olds point to share attention and interest. Dev Sci 7(3):297\u2013307. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1467-7687.2004.00349.x","journal-title":"Dev Sci"},{"key":"3152_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lorenz S, Weiner KS, Caspers J, Mohlberg H, Schleicher A, Bludau S, Eickhoff SB, Grill-Spector K, Zilles K, Amunts K (2015) Two New Cytoarchitectonic Areas on the Human Mid-Fusiform Gyrus. Cereb Cortex bhv225. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cercor\/bhv225","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhv225"},{"key":"3152_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.02.025","volume":"191","author":"TW Meissner","year":"2019","unstructured":"Meissner TW, Nordt M, Weigelt S (2019) Prolonged functional development of the parahippocampal place area and occipital place area. NeuroImage 191:104\u2013115. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.02.025","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"3152_CR43","unstructured":"Moll K, Landerl K (2010) Salzburger Lese- und Rechtschreibtest II (SLRT-II). Hans Huber"},{"issue":"14","key":"3152_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9527","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.142305699","volume":"99","author":"K Moutoussis","year":"2002","unstructured":"Moutoussis K, Zeki S (2002) The relationship between cortical activation and perception investigated with invisible stimuli. Proc Natl Acad Sci 99(14):9527\u20139532. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.142305699","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"issue":"42","key":"3152_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10893","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1886-16.2016","volume":"36","author":"VS Natu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Natu VS, Barnett MA, Hartley J, Gomez J, Stigliani A, Grill-Spector K (2016) Development of Neural Sensitivity to Face Identity Correlates with Perceptual Discriminability. J Neurosci 36(42):10893\u201310907. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1886-16.2016","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"7","key":"3152_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3124","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhy178","volume":"29","author":"M Nordt","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nordt M, Gomez J, Natu V, Jeska B, Barnett M, Grill-Spector K (2019) Learning to Read Increases the Informativeness of Distributed Ventral Temporal Responses. Cereb Cortex 29(7):3124\u20133139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cercor\/bhy178","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"issue":"12","key":"3152_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1686","DOI":"10.1038\/s41562-021-01141-5","volume":"5","author":"M Nordt","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nordt M, Gomez J, Natu VS, Rezai AA, Finzi D, Kular H, Grill-Spector K (2021) Cortical recycling in high-level visual cortex during childhood development. Nat Hum Behav 5(12):1686\u20131697. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41562-021-01141-5","journal-title":"Nat Hum Behav"},{"issue":"1","key":"3152_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8010","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-43146-w","volume":"14","author":"M Nordt","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nordt M, Gomez J, Natu VS, Rezai AA, Finzi D, Kular H, Grill-Spector K (2023) Longitudinal development of category representations in ventral temporal cortex predicts word and face recognition. Nat Commun 14(1):8010. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-023-43146-w","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"3152_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2016.02.026","volume":"130","author":"E Oberwelland","year":"2016","unstructured":"Oberwelland E, Schilbach L, Barisic I, Krall SC, Vogeley K, Fink GR, Herpertz-Dahlmann B, Konrad K, Schulte-R\u00fcther M (2016) Look into my eyes: Investigating joint attention using interactive eye-tracking and fMRI in a developmental sample. NeuroImage 130:248\u2013260. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2016.02.026","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"1","key":"3152_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3932(71)90067-4","volume":"9","author":"RC Oldfield","year":"1971","unstructured":"Oldfield RC (1971) The assessment and analysis of handedness: The Edinburgh Inventory. Neuropsychologia 9(1):97\u2013113. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0028-3932(71)90067-4","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"issue":"1","key":"3152_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00513.2004","volume":"93","author":"MV Peelen","year":"2005","unstructured":"Peelen MV, Downing PE (2005) Selectivity for the Human Body in the Fusiform Gyrus. J Neurophysiol 93(1):603\u2013608. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/jn.00513.2004","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"3152_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Peelen MV, Glaser B, Vuilleumier P, Eliez S (2009) Differential development of selectivity for faces and bodies in the fusiform gyrus. Dev Sci 12(6). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1467-7687.2009.00916.x","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-7687.2009.00916.x"},{"issue":"8","key":"3152_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_00411","volume":"25","author":"MV Peelen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Peelen MV, Bracci S, Lu X, He C, Caramazza A, Bi Y (2013) Tool Selectivity in Left Occipitotemporal Cortex Develops without Vision. J Cogn Neurosci 25(8):1225\u20131234. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/jocn_a_00411","journal-title":"J Cogn Neurosci"},{"issue":"11","key":"3152_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0308565","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0308565","volume":"19","author":"I Pillet","year":"2024","unstructured":"Pillet I, Cerraho\u011flu B, Philips RV, Dumoulin S, De Beeck O, H (2024) A 7T fMRI investigation of hand and tool areas in the lateral and ventral occipitotemporal cortex. PLoS ONE 19(11):e0308565. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0308565","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"2","key":"3152_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2020.11.006","volume":"25","author":"D Pitcher","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pitcher D, Ungerleider LG (2021) Evidence for a Third Visual Pathway Specialized for Social Perception. Trends Cogn Sci 25(2):100\u2013110. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tics.2020.11.006","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"3152_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8242","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-44663-9","volume":"9","author":"D Pitcher","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pitcher D, Ianni G, Ungerleider LG (2019) A functional dissociation of face-, body- and scene-selective brain areas based on their response to moving and static stimuli. Sci Rep 9(1):8242. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-019-44663-9","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"6","key":"3152_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2188","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-06-02188.1998","volume":"18","author":"A Puce","year":"1998","unstructured":"Puce A, Allison T, Bentin S, Gore JC, McCarthy G (1998) Temporal Cortex Activation in Humans Viewing Eye and Mouth Movements. J Neurosci 18(6):2188\u20132199. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-06-02188.1998","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"3152_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2012.06457.x","volume":"1252","author":"N Raschle","year":"2012","unstructured":"Raschle N, Zuk J, Ortiz-Mantilla S, Sliva DD, Franceschi A, Grant PE, Benasich AA, Gaab N (2012) Pediatric neuroimaging in early childhood and infancy: Challenges and practical guidelines. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1252(1):43\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2012.06457.x","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"3152_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Redcay E, Warnell KR (2018) A Social-Interactive Neuroscience Approach to Understanding the Developing Brain. In Advances in Child Development and Behavior (Bd. 54, S. 1\u201344). Elsevier. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/bs.acdb.2017.10.001","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.acdb.2017.10.001"},{"key":"3152_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2017.02.040","volume":"170","author":"M Rosenke","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rosenke M, Weiner KS, Barnett MA, Zilles K, Amunts K, Goebel R, Grill-Spector K (2018) A cross-validated cytoarchitectonic atlas of the human ventral visual stream. NeuroImage 170:257\u2013270. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2017.02.040","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"3152_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ross PD, De Gelder B, Crabbe F, Grosbras M-H (2014) Body-selective areas in the visual cortex are less active in children than in adults. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnhum.2014.00941","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2014.00941"},{"key":"3152_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Scherf KS, Behrmann M, Humphreys K, Luna B (2007) Visual category-selectivity for faces, places and objects emerges along different developmental trajectories. Dev Sci 10(4). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1467-7687.2007.00595.x","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-7687.2007.00595.x"},{"issue":"36","key":"3152_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12412","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4822-14.2015","volume":"35","author":"A Stigliani","year":"2015","unstructured":"Stigliani A, Weiner KS, Grill-Spector K (2015) Temporal Processing Capacity in High-Level Visual Cortex Is Domain Specific. J Neurosci 35(36):12412\u201312424. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4822-14.2015","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"3152_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8624.2007.01025.x","volume":"78","author":"M Tomasello","year":"2007","unstructured":"Tomasello M, Carpenter M, Liszkowski U (2007) A New Look at Infant Pointing. Child Dev 78(3):705\u2013722. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1467-8624.2007.01025.x","journal-title":"Child Dev"},{"issue":"4","key":"3152_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80592-9","volume":"21","author":"F Tong","year":"1998","unstructured":"Tong F, Nakayama K, Vaughan JT, Kanwisher N (1998) Binocular Rivalry and Visual Awareness in Human Extrastriate Cortex. Neuron 21(4):753\u2013759. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80592-9","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"4","key":"3152_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.03.041","volume":"56","author":"KS Weiner","year":"2011","unstructured":"Weiner KS, Grill-Spector K (2011) Not one extrastriate body area: Using anatomical landmarks, hMT+, and visual field maps to parcellate limb-selective activations in human lateral occipitotemporal cortex. NeuroImage 56(4):2183\u20132199. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.03.041","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"1","key":"3152_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1007\/s00426-011-0392-x","volume":"77","author":"KS Weiner","year":"2013","unstructured":"Weiner KS, Grill-Spector K (2013) Neural representations of faces and limbs neighbor in human high-level visual cortex: Evidence for a new organization principle. Psychol Res 77(1):74\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00426-011-0392-x","journal-title":"Psychol Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"3152_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhw361","volume":"27","author":"KS Weiner","year":"2017","unstructured":"Weiner KS, Barnett MA, Lorenz S, Caspers J, Stigliani A, Amunts K, Zilles K, Fischl B, Grill-Spector K (2017) The Cytoarchitecture of Domain-specific Regions in Human High-level Visual Cortex. Cereb Cortex 27(1):146\u2013161. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cercor\/bhw361","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"issue":"1","key":"3152_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-0277(98)00058-4","volume":"69","author":"A Woodward","year":"1998","unstructured":"Woodward A (1998) Infants selectively encode the goal object of an actor\u2019s reach. Cognition 69(1):1\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0010-0277(98)00058-4","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"issue":"3","key":"3152_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1038\/s41562-020-00982-w","volume":"5","author":"O Woolnough","year":"2020","unstructured":"Woolnough O, Donos C, Rollo PS, Forseth KJ, Lakretz Y, Crone NE, Fischer-Baum S, Dehaene S, Tandon N (2020) Spatiotemporal dynamics of orthographic and lexical processing in the ventral visual pathway. Nat Hum Behav 5(3):389\u2013398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41562-020-00982-w","journal-title":"Nat Hum Behav"},{"issue":"2","key":"3152_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2021.10.003","volume":"26","author":"MF Wurm","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wurm MF, Caramazza A (2022) Two \u2018what\u2019 pathways for action and object recognition. Trends Cogn Sci 26(2):103\u2013116. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tics.2021.10.003","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"3152_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.3758\/s13423-016-1108-4","volume":"24","author":"MF Wurm","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wurm MF, Schubotz RI (2017) What\u2019s she doing in the kitchen? Context helps when actions are hard to recognize. Psychon Bull Rev 24(2):503\u2013509. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/s13423-016-1108-4","journal-title":"Psychon Bull Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"3152_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1080\/15250000802004437","volume":"13","author":"H Yoshida","year":"2008","unstructured":"Yoshida H, Smith LB (2008) What\u2019s in View for Toddlers? Using a Head Camera to Study Visual Experience. Infancy 13(3):229\u2013248. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15250000802004437","journal-title":"Infancy"},{"key":"3152_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhan M, Pallier C, Agrawal A, Dehaene S, Cohen L (2023) Does the visual word form area split in bilingual readers? A millimeter-scale 7-T fMRI study. SCIENCE ADVANCES","DOI":"10.1101\/2022.11.10.515773"}],"container-title":["Brain Structure and Function"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00429-026-03152-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00429-026-03152-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00429-026-03152-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T04:15:26Z","timestamp":1789964126000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00429-026-03152-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]]},"references-count":73,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["3152"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00429-026-03152-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1863-2661"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1863-2661","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 March 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 July 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 July 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no known financial or non-financial competing interests related to this work.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"95"}}