{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T21:43:50Z","timestamp":1792273430489,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792195200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792195200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Struct Funct"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is associated with early, regionally selective neurodegenerative changes that may affect socioemotional functioning before atrophy becomes widespread. This study examined whether structural brain alterations in MCI relate to facial emotion recognition performance. Sixty adults (30 MCI, 30 healthy controls), aged 50\u201386 years, completed neuropsychological testing, the Facial emotion composite Task, and structural MRI. Whole-brain voxel-based morphometry revealed no significant gray matter volume differences between groups. However, targeted region-of-interest ROI analyses demonstrated lower right amygdala and bilateral hippocampal volumes in patients with MCI. Cortical thickness analyses identified two regions with lower thickness in MCI: the right superior parietal lobule and the left posterior insula. A significant Group \u00d7 Sadness interaction indicated that the association between left superior parietal gray matter volume and sadness recognition differed between groups. Follow-up analyses of the extracted values showed a positive association in MCI, although this within-group association did not reach statistical significance, and a significant inverse association in HCs. These findings suggest that early MCI involves selective thinning in association cortices supporting attention and salience processing. The sadness-specific interaction indicates that patients with MCI may rely on preserved superior parietal structure during sadness recognition, a pattern that is consistent with structural reserve accounts, although this interpretation remains speculative given the cross-sectional design.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-026-03215-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T10:25:29Z","timestamp":1792232729000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Facial emotion recognition of sadness relates to superior parietal gray matter volume in mild cognitive impairment"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"231","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-5191-6417","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachana","family":"Mahadevan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naomi Kristin","family":"Giesers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Liman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karsten","family":"Witt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Hildebrandt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mandy","family":"Roheger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Rosemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"3215_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2371","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2019.02371","volume":"10","author":"L Abbruzzese","year":"2019","unstructured":"Abbruzzese L, Magnani N, Robertson IH, Mancuso M (2019) Age and Gender Differences in Emotion Recognition. Front Psychol 10:2371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2019.02371","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"issue":"3","key":"3215_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.03.008","volume":"7","author":"MS Albert","year":"2011","unstructured":"Albert MS, DeKosky ST, Dickson D, Dubois B, Feldman HH, Fox NC, Gamst A, Holtzman DM, Jagust WJ, Petersen RC, Ronald C, Snyder PJ, Carrillo MC, Thies B, Phelps CH (2011) The diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer\u2019s Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Alzheimer\u2019s Dement J Alzheimer\u2019s Assoc 7(3):270\u2013279. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.03.008","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement J Alzheimer\u2019s Assoc"},{"issue":"16","key":"3215_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1589","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.4782","volume":"322","author":"Z Arvanitakis","year":"2019","unstructured":"Arvanitakis Z, Shah RC, Bennett DA (2019) Diagnosis and Management of Dementia: Review. JAMA 322(16):1589\u20131599. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2019.4782","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"3215_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph191912757","author":"GF Barbieri","year":"2022","unstructured":"Barbieri GF, Real E, Lopez J, Garc\u00eda-Justicia JM, Satorres E, Mel\u00e9ndez JC (2022) Comparison of emotion recognition in young people, healthy older adults, and patients with mild cognitive impairment. Int J Environ Res Public Health. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph191912757","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"3215_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2004.03.012","volume":"14","author":"M Behrmann","year":"2004","unstructured":"Behrmann M, Geng JJ, Shomstein S (2004) Parietal cortex and attention. Curr Opin Neurobiol 14(2):212\u2013217. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.conb.2004.03.012","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurobiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"3215_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1177\/0891988717710337","volume":"30","author":"E Bora","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bora E, Yener GG (2017) Meta-Analysis of Social Cognition in Mild Cognitive Impairment. J Geriatr Psychiatr Neurol 30(4):206\u2013213. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0891988717710337","journal-title":"J Geriatr Psychiatr Neurol"},{"issue":"3","key":"3215_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1037\/0894-4105.12.3.446","volume":"12","author":"JC Borod","year":"1998","unstructured":"Borod JC, Cicero BA, Obler LK, Welkowitz J, Erhan HM, Santschi C, Grunwald IS, Agosti RM, Whalen JR (1998) Right hemisphere emotional perception: Evidence across multiple channels. Neuropsychology 12(3):446\u2013458. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0894-4105.12.3.446","journal-title":"Neuropsychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"3215_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-1523.26.2.527","volume":"26","author":"AJ Calder","year":"2000","unstructured":"Calder AJ, Young AW, Keane J, Dean M (2000) Configural information in facial expression perception. J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform 26(2):527\u2013551. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0096-1523.26.2.527","journal-title":"J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform"},{"issue":"6","key":"3215_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1027\/1618-3169.55.6.359","volume":"55","author":"MG Calvo","year":"2008","unstructured":"Calvo MG, Nummenmaa L, Avero P (2008) Visual search of emotional faces. Eye-movement assessment of component processes. Exp Psychol 55(6):359\u2013370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1027\/1618-3169.55.6.359","journal-title":"Exp Psychol"},{"key":"3215_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2017.00177","volume":"9","author":"GB Chand","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chand GB, Wu J, Qiu D, Hajjar I (2017) Racial Differences in Insular Connectivity and Thickness and Related Cognitive Impairment in Hypertension. Front Aging Neurosci 9:177. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnagi.2017.00177","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"3215_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn755","volume":"3","author":"M Corbetta","year":"2002","unstructured":"Corbetta M, Shulman GL (2002) Control of goal-directed and stimulus-driven attention in the brain. Nat Rev Neurosci 3(3):201\u2013215. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrn755","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"3215_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2016.00052","volume":"8","author":"G Csukly","year":"2016","unstructured":"Csukly G, Sir\u00e1ly E, Fodor Z, Horv\u00e1th A, Salacz P, Hidasi Z, Csibri \u00c9, Rudas G, Szab\u00f3 \u00c1 (2016) The Differentiation of Amnestic Type MCI from the Non-Amnestic Types by Structural MRI. Front Aging Neurosci 8:52. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnagi.2016.00052","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"issue":"6","key":"3215_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1093\/scan\/nss041","volume":"8","author":"O Dal Monte","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dal Monte O, Krueger F, Solomon JM, Schintu S, Knutson KM, Strenziok M, Pardini M, Leopold A, Raymont V, Grafman J (2013) A voxel-based lesion study on facial emotion recognition after penetrating brain injury. Soc Cognit Affect Neurosci 8(6):632\u2013639. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/scan\/nss041","journal-title":"Soc Cognit Affect Neurosci"},{"key":"3215_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dadm.2018.07.010","volume":"10","author":"MC Del Vald\u00e9s Hern\u00e1ndez","year":"2018","unstructured":"Del Vald\u00e9s Hern\u00e1ndez MC, Reid S, Mikhael S, Pernet C (2018) Do 2-year changes in superior frontal gyrus and global brain atrophy affect cognition? Alzheimer\u2019s Dement (Amsterdam Netherlands) 10:706\u2013716. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dadm.2018.07.010","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement (Amsterdam Netherlands)"},{"issue":"3","key":"3215_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.94.3.361","volume":"94","author":"DC Des Jarlais","year":"2004","unstructured":"Des Jarlais DC, Lyles C, Crepaz N (2004) Improving the reporting quality of nonrandomized evaluations of behavioral and public health interventions: The TREND statement. Am J Public Health 94(3):361\u2013366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2105\/ajph.94.3.361","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"3215_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2013.10.015","volume":"53","author":"I Deschamps","year":"2014","unstructured":"Deschamps I, Baum SR, Gracco VL (2014) On the role of the supramarginal gyrus in phonological processing and verbal working memory: Evidence from rTMS studies. Neuropsychologia 53:39\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2013.10.015","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"issue":"3","key":"3215_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhn113","volume":"19","author":"BC Dickerson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Dickerson BC, Bakkour A, Salat DH, Feczko E, Pacheco J, Greve DN, Grodstein F, Wright CI, Blacker D, Rosas HD, Sperling RA, Atri A, Growdon JH, Hyman BT, Morris JC, John C, Fischl B, Buckner RL (2009) The cortical signature of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Regionally specific cortical thinning relates to symptom severity in very mild to mild AD dementia and is detectable in asymptomatic amyloid-positive individuals. Cereb Cortex (New York N Y : 1991) 19(3):497\u2013510. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cercor\/bhn113","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex (New York N Y : 1991)"},{"key":"3215_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a028035","author":"BN Dugger","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dugger BN, Dickson DW (2017) Pathology of neurodegenerative diseases. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/cshperspect.a028035","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol"},{"issue":"2","key":"3215_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1037\/h0030377","volume":"17","author":"P Ekman","year":"1971","unstructured":"Ekman P, Friesen WV (1971) Constants across cultures in the face and emotion. J Personal Soc Psychol 17(2):124\u2013129. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/h0030377","journal-title":"J Personal Soc Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3215_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ps.30.020179.002523","volume":"30","author":"P Ekman","year":"1979","unstructured":"Ekman P, Oster H (1979) Facial Expressions of Emotion. Ann Rev Psychol 30(1):527\u2013554. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev.ps.30.020179.002523","journal-title":"Ann Rev Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3215_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1515\/tnsci-2015-0013","volume":"6","author":"MW\u2013O Elferink","year":"2015","unstructured":"Elferink MW\u2013O, van Tilborg I, Kessels RPC (2015) Perception of emotions in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer\u2019s dementia: Does intensity matter? Translational Neurosci 6(1):139\u2013149. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/tnsci-2015-0013","journal-title":"Translational Neurosci"},{"issue":"6","key":"3215_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1139\/jpn.0953","volume":"34","author":"P Fusar-Poli","year":"2009","unstructured":"Fusar-Poli P, Placentino A, Carletti F, Landi P, Allen P, Surguladze S, Benedetti F, Abbamonte M, Gasparotti R, Barale F, Perez J, McGuire P, Politi P (2009) Functional atlas of emotional faces processing: A voxel-based meta-analysis of 105 functional magnetic resonance imaging studies. J Psychiatry Neuroscience: JPN 34(6):418\u2013432","journal-title":"J Psychiatry Neuroscience: JPN"},{"key":"3215_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gafuroglu C, Rekik I (2019) Image evolution trajectory prediction and classification from baseline using learning-based patch atlas selection for early diagnosis. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arXiv.1907.06064","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.1907.06064"},{"key":"3215_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148948","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2024.148948","volume":"1836","author":"G Gainotti","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gainotti G (2024) A historical approach to models of emotional laterality. Brain Res 1836:148948. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brainres.2024.148948","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"3215_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114844","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2023.114844","volume":"461","author":"MT Gandia-Ferrero","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gandia-Ferrero MT, Adri\u00e1n-Ventura J, Ch\u00e1fer-Peric\u00e1s C, Alvarez-Sanchez L, Ferrer-Cairols I, Martinez-Sanchis B, Torres-Espallardo I, Baquero-Toledo M, Marti-Bonmati L (2024) Relationship between neuroimaging and emotion recognition in mild cognitive impairment patients. Behav Brain Res 461:114844. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbr.2023.114844","journal-title":"Behav Brain Res"},{"key":"3215_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gigascience\/giae049","author":"C Gaser","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gaser C, Dahnke R, Thompson PM, Kurth F, Luders E, The AD (2024) Cat: A computational anatomy toolbox for the analysis of structural MRI data. GigaScience. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/gigascience\/giae049","journal-title":"GigaScience"},{"issue":"9518","key":"3215_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1262","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68542-5","volume":"367","author":"S Gauthier","year":"2006","unstructured":"Gauthier S, Reisberg B, Zaudig M, Petersen RC, Ronald C, Ritchie K, Broich K, Belleville S, Brodaty H, Bennett D, Chertkow H, Cummings JL, de Leon M, Feldman H, Ganguli M, Hampel H, Scheltens P, Tierney MC, Whitehouse P, Winblad B (2006) Mild cognitive impairment. Lancet 367(9518):1262\u20131270. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68542-5","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"3215_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-210096","volume":"82","author":"G Gonz\u00e1lez-Alcaide","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Alcaide G, Fern\u00e1ndez-R\u00edos M, Redolat R, Serra E (2021) Research on Emotion Recognition and Dementias: Foundations and Prospects. J Alzheimers Dis 82(3):939\u2013950. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/JAD-210096","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"issue":"Pt 3","key":"3215_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh071","volume":"127","author":"S Han","year":"2004","unstructured":"Han S, Jiang Y, Gu H, Rao H, Mao L, Cui Y, Zhai R (2004) The role of human parietal cortex in attention networks. Brain 127(Pt 3):650\u2013659. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/awh071","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"1","key":"3215_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1177\/1533317516678087","volume":"32","author":"R Haussmann","year":"2017","unstructured":"Haussmann R, Werner A, Gruschwitz A, Osterrath A, Lange J, Donix KL, Linn J, Donix M (2017) Precuneus Structure Changes in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment. Am J Alzheimer\u2019s Dis Other dement 32(1):22\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1533317516678087","journal-title":"Am J Alzheimer\u2019s Dis Other dement"},{"issue":"6","key":"3215_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/S1364-6613(00)01482-0","volume":"4","author":"JV Haxby","year":"2000","unstructured":"Haxby JV, Hoffman EA, Gobbini MI (2000) The distributed human neural system for face perception. Trends Cogn Sci 4(6):223\u2013233. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1364-6613(00)01482-0","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"issue":"10","key":"3215_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1595","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610217000473","volume":"29","author":"C Hu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hu C, Yu D, Sun X, Zhang M, Wang L, Lin, Qin H (2017) The prevalence and progression of mild cognitive impairment among clinic and community populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Psychogeriatr 29(10):1595\u20131608. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S1041610217000473","journal-title":"Int Psychogeriatr"},{"issue":"2","key":"3215_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2009.06.043","volume":"48","author":"C Hutton","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hutton C, Draganski B, Ashburner J, Weiskopf N (2009) A comparison between voxel-based cortical thickness and voxel-based morphometry in normal aging. NeuroImage 48(2):371\u2013380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2009.06.043","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"47","key":"3215_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13028","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3039-07.2007","volume":"27","author":"KL Hyde","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hyde KL, Lerch JP, Zatorre RJ, Griffiths TD, Evans AC, Peretz I (2007) Cortical thickness in congenital amusia: When less is better than more. J Neuroscience: Official J Soc Neurosci 27(47):13028\u201313032. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3039-07.2007","journal-title":"J Neuroscience: Official J Soc Neurosci"},{"issue":"2","key":"3215_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2022.11.006","volume":"46","author":"KM Igarashi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Igarashi KM (2023) Entorhinal cortex dysfunction in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Trends Neurosci 46(2):124\u2013136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tins.2022.11.006","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"3215_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2016.3162","volume":"74","author":"Z Ismail","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ismail Z, Elbayoumi H, Fischer CE, Hogan DB, Millikin CP, Schweizer T, Mortby ME, Smith EE, Patten SB, Fiest KM (2017) Prevalence of Depression in Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Psychiatry 74(1):58\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2016.3162","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"issue":"7","key":"3215_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.52.7.1397","volume":"52","author":"CR Jack","year":"1999","unstructured":"Jack CR, Petersen RC, Xu YC, O'Brien PC, Smith GE, Ivnik RJ, Boeve BF, Waring SC, Tangalos EG, Kokmen E (1999) Prediction of AD with MRI-based hippocampal volume in mild cognitive impairment. Neurology 52(7):1397\u20131403. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/wnl.52.7.1397","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"14","key":"3215_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5655","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4059-14.2015","volume":"35","author":"J Kim","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kim J, Schultz J, Rohe T, Wallraven C, Lee S\u2013W, B\u00fclthoff HH (2015) Abstract representations of associated emotions in the human brain. J Neuroscience: Official J Soc Neurosci 35(14):5655\u20135663. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4059-14.2015","journal-title":"J Neuroscience: Official J Soc Neurosci"},{"key":"3215_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2016.05.012","volume":"93","author":"A Kobro-Flatmoen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kobro-Flatmoen A, Nagelhus A, Witter MP (2016) Reelin-immunoreactive neurons in entorhinal cortex layer II selectively express intracellular amyloid in early Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Neurobiol Dis 93:172\u2013183. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nbd.2016.05.012","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"3215_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1080\/17588928.2019.1683525","volume":"11","author":"A Lanssens","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lanssens A, Pizzamiglio G, Mantini D, Gillebert CR (2020) Role of the dorsal attention network in distracter suppression based on features. Cogn Neurosci 11(1\u20132):37\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17588928.2019.1683525","journal-title":"Cogn Neurosci"},{"key":"3215_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci13010093","author":"CI Lau","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lau CI, Yeh J\u2013H, Tsai Y\u2013F, Hsiao C\u2013Y, Wu Y\u2013T, Jao C\u2013W (2023) Decreased Brain Structural Network Connectivity in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Novel Fractal Dimension Analysis. Brain Sci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/brainsci13010093","journal-title":"Brain Sci"},{"issue":"3 Part 1","key":"3215_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/9.3_Part_1.179","volume":"9","author":"MP Lawton","year":"1969","unstructured":"Lawton MP, Brody EM (1969) Assessment of Older People: Self-Maintaining and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living. Gerontologist 9(3 Part 1):179\u2013186. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/geront\/9.3_Part_1.179","journal-title":"Gerontologist"},{"issue":"3","key":"3215_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X11000446","volume":"35","author":"KA Lindquist","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lindquist KA, Wager TD, Kober H, Bliss-Moreau E, Barrett LF (2012) The brain basis of emotion: A meta-analytic review. Behav Brain Sci 35(3):121\u2013143. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0140525X11000446","journal-title":"Behav Brain Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"3215_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1186\/s13148-020-00916-3","volume":"12","author":"D Ma","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ma D, Fetahu IS, Wang M, Fang R, Li J, Liu H, Gramyk T, Iwanicki I, Gu S, Xu W, Tan L, Wu F, Shi YG (2020) The fusiform gyrus exhibits an epigenetic signature for Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Clin Epigenetics 12(1):129. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13148-020-00916-3","journal-title":"Clin Epigenetics"},{"issue":"7","key":"3215_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12108","volume":"16","author":"MM Machulda","year":"2020","unstructured":"Machulda MM, Lundt ES, Albertson SM, Spychalla AJ, Schwarz CG, Mielke MM, Jack CR, [Clifford R], Kremers WK, Vemuri P, Knopman DS, Jones DT, Bondi MW, Petersen RC (2020) Cortical atrophy patterns of incident MCI subtypes in the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging. Alzheimer\u2019s Dement J Alzheimer\u2019s Assoc 16(7):1013\u20131022 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/alz.12108","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement J Alzheimer\u2019s Assoc"},{"key":"3215_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mahadevan R, Giesers N, Liman T, Witt K, Hildebrandt A, Roheger M, Rosemann S (2025) Negative Emotion Recognition Impairments Despite Preserved Neural Activity in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31234\/osf.io\/t7vks_v1","DOI":"10.31234\/osf.io\/t7vks_v1"},{"issue":"1","key":"3215_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1177\/13872877251414969","volume":"110","author":"R Mahadevan","year":"2026","unstructured":"Mahadevan R, Giesers NK, Liman T, Witt K, Hildebrandt A, Roheger M (2026) Emotion recognition in patients with mild cognitive impairment: The role of face processing and emotional intelligence. J Alzheimers Dis 110(1):369\u2013382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/13872877251414969","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"3215_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610212001482","volume":"25","author":"Y Maki","year":"2013","unstructured":"Maki Y, Yoshida H, Yamaguchi T, Yamaguchi H (2013) Relative preservation of the recognition of positive facial expression happiness in Alzheimer disease. Int Psychogeriatr 25(1):105\u2013110. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S1041610212001482","journal-title":"Int Psychogeriatr"},{"issue":"4","key":"3215_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1159\/000335009","volume":"32","author":"D McCade","year":"2011","unstructured":"McCade D, Savage G, Naismith SL (2011) Review of emotion recognition in mild cognitive impairment. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 32(4):257\u2013266. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000335009","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"key":"3215_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15761\/ADCN.1000119","author":"Z Moradi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Moradi Z, Najlerahim A, Humphreys G (2018) Preserved recognition and selection of facial expression of happiness in mild Alzheimer\u2019s Disease. Alzheimer\u2019s Dement Cogn Neurol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15761\/ADCN.1000119","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement Cogn Neurol"},{"issue":"9","key":"3215_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.39.9.1159","volume":"39","author":"JC Morris","year":"1989","unstructured":"Morris JC, Heyman A, Mohs RC, Hughes JP, van Belle G, Fillenbaum G, Mellits ED, Clark C (1989) The Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer\u2019s Disease (CERAD). Part I. Clinical and neuropsychological assessment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Neurology 39(9):1159\u20131165. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/wnl.39.9.1159","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"3215_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/t27279-000","author":"ZS Nasreddine","year":"2005","unstructured":"Nasreddine ZS, Phillips NA, B\u00e9dirian V, Charbonneau S, Whitehead V, Collin I, Cummings JL, Chertkow H (2005) PsycTESTS Dataset. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/t27279-000","journal-title":"PsycTESTS Dataset"},{"key":"3215_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/scan\/nsad058","author":"I Orlando","year":"2023","unstructured":"Orlando I, Ricci C, Griffanti L, Filippini N (2023) Neural correlates of successful emotion recognition in healthy elderly: A multimodal imaging study. Soc Cognit Affect Neurosci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/scan\/nsad058","journal-title":"Soc Cognit Affect Neurosci"},{"issue":"4","key":"3215_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12436","DOI":"10.1002\/trc2.12436","volume":"9","author":"C Padulo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Padulo C, Sestieri C, Punzi M, Picerni E, Chiacchiaretta P, Tullo MG, Granzotto A, Baldassarre A, Onofrj M, Ferretti A, Delli Pizzi S, Sensi SL (2023) Atrophy of specific amygdala subfields in subjects converting to mild cognitive impairment. Alzheimer\u2019s Dement (New York N Y) 9(4):e12436. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/trc2.12436","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement (New York N Y)"},{"issue":"2","key":"3215_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-021-02331-7","volume":"227","author":"N Palomero-Gallagher","year":"2022","unstructured":"Palomero-Gallagher N, Amunts K (2022) A short review on emotion processing: A lateralized network of neuronal networks. Brain Struct Function 227(2):673\u2013684. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00429-021-02331-7","journal-title":"Brain Struct Function"},{"issue":"3","key":"3215_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-4580(03)00084-8","volume":"25","author":"C Pennanen","year":"2004","unstructured":"Pennanen C, Kivipelto M, Tuomainen S, Hartikainen P, H\u00e4nninen T, Laakso MP, Hallikainen M, Vanhanen M, Nissinen A, Helkala E\u2013L, Vainio P, Vanninen R, Partanen K, Soininen H (2004) Hippocampus and entorhinal cortex in mild cognitive impairment and early AD. Neurobiol Aging 25(3):303\u2013310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0197-4580(03)00084-8","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"3215_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2024.11.010","volume":"147","author":"DC Perez","year":"2025","unstructured":"Perez DC, Hernandez JJ, Wulfekuhle G, Gratton C (2025) Variation in brain aging: A review and perspective on the utility of individualized approaches to the study of functional networks in aging. Neurobiol Aging 147:68\u201387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2024.11.010","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"3215_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Petrides KV (2009) Psychometric Properties of the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue). In J. D. A. Parker, D. H. Saklofske, & C. Stough (Eds.), The Springer Series on Human Exceptionality. Assessing Emotional Intelligence (pp. 85\u2013101). Springer US. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-0-387-88370-0_5","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-88370-0_5"},{"issue":"5","key":"3215_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1016\/s0006-3223(03)00168-9","volume":"54","author":"ML Phillips","year":"2003","unstructured":"Phillips ML, Drevets WC, Rauch SL, Lane R (2003) Neurobiology of emotion perception I: The neural basis of normal emotion perception. Biol Psychiatry 54(5):504\u2013514. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0006-3223(03)00168-9","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"3215_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104796","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2022.104796","volume":"140","author":"M Roheger","year":"2022","unstructured":"Roheger M, Brenning J, Riemann S, Martin AK, Fl\u00f6el A, Meinzer M (2022) Progression of socio-cognitive impairment from healthy aging to Alzheimer\u2019s dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 140:104796. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2022.104796","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"issue":"8","key":"3215_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e096950","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2024-096950","volume":"15","author":"J Roloff","year":"2025","unstructured":"Roloff J, Stemmler M, Graessel E, Krakat L, Weis J, Lehfeld H, Ja\u0161\u010denoka JC, Daseking M (2025) Visual perception and cognitive functioning in MCI and mild Alzheimer\u2019s disease: A cross-sectional study protocol from the DEM-VIS study in Germany. BMJ Open 15(8):e096950. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2024-096950","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"4","key":"3215_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1159\/000077154","volume":"17","author":"HJ Rosen","year":"2004","unstructured":"Rosen HJ, Pace-Savitsky K, Perry RJ, Kramer JH, Miller BL, Levenson RW (2004) Recognition of emotion in the frontal and temporal variants of frontotemporal dementia. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 17(4):277\u2013281. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000077154","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"issue":"4","key":"3215_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2008.01.001","volume":"32","author":"T Ruffman","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ruffman T, Henry JD, Livingstone V, Phillips LH (2008) A meta-analytic review of emotion recognition and aging: Implications for neuropsychological models of aging. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 32(4):863\u2013881. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2008.01.001","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"3215_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2524","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.10.011","volume":"54","author":"D Sabatinelli","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sabatinelli D, Fortune EE, Li Q, Siddiqui A, Krafft C, Oliver WT, Beck S, Jeffries J (2011) Emotional perception: Meta-analyses of face and natural scene processing. NeuroImage 54(3):2524\u20132533. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.10.011","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"3","key":"3215_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2011-101782","volume":"24","author":"SW Scheff","year":"2011","unstructured":"Scheff SW, Price DA, Schmitt FA, Scheff MA, Mufson EJ (2011) Synaptic loss in the inferior temporal gyrus in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer\u2019s disease. J Alzheimers Dis 24(3):547\u2013557. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/JAD-2011-101782","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"3215_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2017.01.001","volume":"21","author":"A Schirmer","year":"2017","unstructured":"Schirmer A, Adolphs R (2017) Emotion Perception from Face, Voice, and Touch: Comparisons and Convergence. Trends Cogn Sci 21(3):216\u2013228. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tics.2017.01.001","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"3215_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29260","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-14476-0","volume":"15","author":"B \u015eener","year":"2025","unstructured":"\u015eener B, A\u00e7\u0131c\u0131 K, S\u00fcmer E (2025) Improving early detection of Alzheimer\u2019s disease through MRI slice selection and deep learning techniques. Sci Rep 15(1):29260. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-14476-0","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"3215_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"600423","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2020.600423","volume":"14","author":"L Sheng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sheng L, Ma H, Shi Y, Dai Z, Zhong J, Chen F, Pan P (2020) Cortical Thickness in Migraine: A Coordinate-Based Meta-Analysis. Front NeuroSci 14:600423. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnins.2020.600423","journal-title":"Front NeuroSci"},{"issue":"3","key":"3215_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1006\/brcg.2001.1318","volume":"47","author":"A Shimokawa","year":"2001","unstructured":"Shimokawa A, Yatomi N, Anamizu S, Torii S, Isono H, Sugai Y, Kohno M (2001) Influence of deteriorating ability of emotional comprehension on interpersonal behavior in Alzheimer-type dementia. Brain Cogn 47(3):423\u2013433. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/brcg.2001.1318","journal-title":"Brain Cogn"},{"issue":"Pt 11","key":"3215_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2885","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awl256","volume":"129","author":"V Singh","year":"2006","unstructured":"Singh V, Chertkow H, Lerch JP, Evans AC, Dorr AE, Kabani NJ (2006) Spatial patterns of cortical thinning in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Brain 129(Pt 11):2885\u20132893. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/awl256","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"5","key":"3215_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1097\/JGP.0b013e318165dbce","volume":"16","author":"I Spoletini","year":"2008","unstructured":"Spoletini I, Marra C, Di Iulio F, Gianni W, Sancesario G, Giubilei F, Trequattrini A, Bria P, Caltagirone C, Spalletta G (2008) Facial emotion recognition deficit in amnestic mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease. Am J Geriatric Psychiatry: Official J Am Association Geriatric Psychiatry 16(5):389\u2013398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/JGP.0b013e318165dbce","journal-title":"Am J Geriatric Psychiatry: Official J Am Association Geriatric Psychiatry"},{"key":"3215_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2017.06.018","volume":"693","author":"RP Spunt","year":"2019","unstructured":"Spunt RP, Adolphs R (2019) The neuroscience of understanding the emotions of others. Neurosci Lett 693:44\u201348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neulet.2017.06.018","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"issue":"9","key":"3215_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-014-0475-3","volume":"14","author":"S Suri","year":"2014","unstructured":"Suri S, Topiwala A, Mackay CE, Ebmeier KP, Filippini N (2014) Using structural and diffusion magnetic resonance imaging to differentiate the dementias. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 14(9):475. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11910-014-0475-3","journal-title":"Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep"},{"key":"3215_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2016.00203","volume":"8","author":"SM Szymkowicz","year":"2016","unstructured":"Szymkowicz SM, Persson J, Lin T, Fischer H, Ebner NC (2016) Hippocampal Brain Volume Is Associated with Faster Facial Emotion Identification in Older Adults: Preliminary Results. Front Aging Neurosci 8:203. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnagi.2016.00203","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"issue":"4","key":"3215_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dadm.2015.11.002","volume":"1","author":"H Tabatabaei-Jafari","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tabatabaei-Jafari H, Shaw ME, Cherbuin N (2015) Cerebral atrophy in mild cognitive impairment: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Alzheimer\u2019s Dement (Amsterdam Netherlands) 1(4):487\u2013504. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dadm.2015.11.002","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement (Amsterdam Netherlands)"},{"key":"3215_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2016.08.069","volume":"143","author":"A Takashima","year":"2016","unstructured":"Takashima A, van der Ven F, Kroes MCW, Fern\u00e1ndez G (2016) Retrieved emotional context influences hippocampal involvement during recognition of neutral memories. NeuroImage 143:280\u2013292. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2016.08.069","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"4","key":"3215_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1007\/s00062-021-01057-7","volume":"31","author":"P Talwar","year":"2021","unstructured":"Talwar P, Kushwaha S, Chaturvedi M, Mahajan V (2021) Systematic Review of Different Neuroimaging Correlates in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer\u2019s Disease. Clin Neuroradiol 31(4):953\u2013967. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00062-021-01057-7","journal-title":"Clin Neuroradiol"},{"key":"3215_CR93","unstructured":"The MathWorks Inc. (2023). MATLAB version: 9.15 (R2023b). The MathWorks Inc https:\/\/www.mathworks.com"},{"key":"3215_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.00139","volume":"11","author":"M Visser","year":"2020","unstructured":"Visser M (2020) Emotion Recognition and Aging. Comparing a Labeling Task With a Categorization Task Using Facial Representations. Front Psychol 11:139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.00139","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3215_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2006.06.003","volume":"45","author":"P Vuilleumier","year":"2007","unstructured":"Vuilleumier P, Pourtois G (2007) Distributed and interactive brain mechanisms during emotion face perception: Evidence from functional neuroimaging. Neuropsychologia 45(1):174\u2013194. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2006.06.003","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"issue":"10","key":"3215_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.21037\/qims.2018.10.08","volume":"8","author":"H Wei","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wei H, Kong M, Zhang C, Chunhua, Guan L, Ba M (2018) The structural MRI markers and cognitive decline in prodromal Alzheimer\u2019s disease: A 2-year longitudinal study. Quant Imaging Med Surg 8(10):1004\u20131019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21037\/qims.2018.10.08","journal-title":"Quant Imaging Med Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"3215_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1097\/JGP.0b013e318186bd53","volume":"16","author":"EM Weiss","year":"2008","unstructured":"Weiss EM, Kohler CG, Vonbank J, Stadelmann E, Kemmler G, Hinterhuber H, Marksteiner J (2008) Impairment in emotion recognition abilities in patients with mild cognitive impairment, early and moderate Alzheimer disease compared with healthy comparison subjects. Am J Geriatric Psychiatry: Official J Am Association Geriatric Psychiatry 16(12):974\u2013980. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/JGP.0b013e318186bd53","journal-title":"Am J Geriatric Psychiatry: Official J Am Association Geriatric Psychiatry"},{"issue":"8","key":"3215_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.64.8.1130","volume":"64","author":"JL Whitwell","year":"2007","unstructured":"Whitwell JL, Petersen RC, [Ronald C], Negash S, Weigand SD, Kantarci K, Ivnik RJ, [Robert J], Knopman DS, Boeve BF, [Bradley F], Smith GE, [Glenn E], Jack CR (2007) Patterns of atrophy differ among specific subtypes of mild cognitive impairment. Arch Neurol 64(8):1130\u20131138 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archneur.64.8.1130","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"3215_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2014.00404","volume":"5","author":"O Wilhelm","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wilhelm O, Hildebrandt A, Manske K, Schacht A, Sommer W (2014) Test battery for measuring the perception and recognition of facial expressions of emotion. Front Psychol 5:404. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2014.00404","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"issue":"3","key":"3215_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2009.12.028","volume":"53","author":"AM Winkler","year":"2010","unstructured":"Winkler AM, Kochunov P, Blangero J, Almasy L, Zilles K, Fox PT, Duggirala R, Glahn DC (2010) Cortical thickness or grey matter volume? The importance of selecting the phenotype for imaging genetics studies. NeuroImage 53(3):1135\u20131146. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2009.12.028","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"4","key":"3215_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(01)80033-7","volume":"23","author":"E Wojciulik","year":"1999","unstructured":"Wojciulik E, Kanwisher N (1999) The generality of parietal involvement in visual attention. Neuron 23(4):747\u2013764. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0896-6273(01)80033-7","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"3215_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.02.010","volume":"316","author":"J Yang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yang J, Pan P, Song W, Huang R, Li J, JianPeng, Chen K, Gong Q, Zhong J, Shi H, Shang H (2012) Voxelwise meta-analysis of gray matter anomalies in Alzheimer\u2019s disease and mild cognitive impairment using anatomic likelihood estimation. J Neurol Sci 316(1\u20132):21\u201329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jns.2012.02.010","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"11","key":"3215_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e48973","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0048973","volume":"7","author":"Z Yao","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yao Z, Hu B, Bin, Liang C, Zhao L, Jackson M (2012) A longitudinal study of atrophy in amnestic mild cognitive impairment and normal aging revealed by cortical thickness. PLoS ONE 7(11):e48973. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0048973","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"5","key":"3215_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100079","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjpad.2025.100079","volume":"12","author":"L Yue","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yue L, Pan Y, Li W, Mao J, Hong B, Gu Z, Liu M, Shen D, Xiao S (2025) Predicting cognitive decline: Deep-learning reveals subtle brain changes in pre-MCI stage. J Prev Alzheimer\u2019s Disease 12(5):100079. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tjpad.2025.100079","journal-title":"J Prev Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"},{"issue":"6","key":"3215_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5772","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.205667","volume":"16","author":"D Zeller","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zeller D, Hiew S, Odorfer T, Nguemeni C (2024) Considering the response in addition to the challenge - a narrative review in appraisal of a motor reserve framework. Aging 16(6):5772\u20135791. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18632\/aging.205667","journal-title":"Aging"},{"issue":"8","key":"3215_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-020-00498-3","volume":"36","author":"L Zhu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhu L, Wang Z, Du Z, Qi X, Shu H, Liu D, Su F, Ye Q, Liu X, Zhou Z, Tang Y, Song R, Wang X, Lin L, Li S, Han Y, Wang L, Liping, Zhang Z (2020) Impaired Parahippocampal Gyrus-Orbitofrontal Cortex Circuit Associated with Visuospatial Memory Deficit as a Potential Biomarker and Interventional Approach for Alzheimer Disease. Neurosci Bull 36(8):831\u2013844. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12264-020-00498-3","journal-title":"Neurosci Bull"},{"issue":"6","key":"3215_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x","volume":"67","author":"AS Zigmond","year":"1983","unstructured":"Zigmond AS, Snaith RP (1983) The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica 67(6):361\u2013370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x","journal-title":"Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica"}],"container-title":["Brain Structure and Function"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00429-026-03215-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00429-026-03215-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00429-026-03215-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T21:01:47Z","timestamp":1792270907000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00429-026-03215-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]]},"references-count":92,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]}},"alternative-id":["3215"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00429-026-03215-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1863-2661"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1863-2661","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 May 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 October 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 October 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors report no conflicts of interest related to the conduct of the research, authorship, or publication of this work.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Carl von Ossietzky Universit\u00e4t Oldenburg (Medizinische Ethikkommission; approval number AKZ 2023-062).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Our study was preregistered on the Open Science Framework (\n                      \n                      ) prior to data collection on 17 October 2023. A preprint version of this manuscript was published on PsyArXiv Preprints on 24th of January 2026 and is available at\n                      \n                      .","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Pre-registration","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"155"}}