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For many years, infections caused by<jats:italic>N. gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>were considered to be relatively easy to treat; however, resistance has emerged successively to all therapeutic agents used in treatment of the disease, e.g., penicillin, ciprofloxacin or azithromycin. Currently, the global problem is the emergence and a threat of spread of<jats:italic>N. gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>strains resistant to extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESC), such as injectable ceftriaxone and oral-used cefixime. Especially, dangerous are multi-resistant strains resistant simultaneously to ESC and azithromycin. Three strains with high-level resistance to azithromycin and resistant to ESC were first time isolated in 2018. Moreover, in 2018, the first ESBL was described in<jats:italic>N. gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>and that makes the threat of appearing the ESBL mechanism of resistance in<jats:italic>N. gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>more real, even though the strain was sensitive to ceftriaxone. Molecular typing revealed that variants resistant to ESC occurred also among strains belonging to epidemic clonal complex CC1 (genogroup G1407) distinguished in NG-MAST typing system. The G1407 genogroup, in particular the ST1407 sequence type, is currently dominant in most European countries. The presence of different mechanisms of drug resistance significantly affects clinical practice and force changes in treatment regimens and introduction of new drugs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00430-019-00651-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,4]],"date-time":"2019-12-04T16:03:12Z","timestamp":1575475392000},"page":"95-108","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":75,"title":["Multiresistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae: a new threat in second decade of the XXI century"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"209","author":[{"given":"Beata","family":"M\u0142ynarczyk-Bonikowska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9036-7452","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Majewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Malejczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gra\u017cyna","family":"M\u0142ynarczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u0142awomir","family":"Majewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"651_CR1","volume-title":"Sexually transmitted diseases surveillance 2012","author":"CDC","year":"2014","unstructured":"CDC (2014) Sexually transmitted diseases surveillance 2012. 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