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GAS may also colonise the oropharynx without causing any signs of disease which is known as asymptomatic carriage. This study aims to investigate IgA responses against GAS and oral streptococci from saliva samples collected from healthy Finnish adults. In addition, asymptomatic throat GAS carriage was studied. The study participants consisted of healthy adult volunteers who provided one saliva sample, a throat swab, and a background questionnaire. Total salivary IgA, and GAS specific IgA were analysed from the saliva samples using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and the results were compared to oral streptococci specific IgA levels. Asymptomatic GAS throat carriers were identified by bacterial culture, and the isolates were\n                    <jats:italic>emm<\/jats:italic>\n                    typed. Samples from a total of 182 individuals were analysed. The median salivary IgA concentration was 62.9\u00a0\u00b5g\/ml (range 17.3\u2013649.9\u00a0\u00b5g\/ml), and median GAS and oral streptococcal specific IgA concentrations 2.7 and 3.3 arbitrary units (AU, range 1.4\u20137.4 AU and 1.6\u201312.0 AU), respectively. Three individuals with asymptomatic GAS throat carriage were identified.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00430-022-00750-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,2]],"date-time":"2022-09-02T01:02:47Z","timestamp":1662080567000},"page":"261-267","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Low rate of asymptomatic carriage and salivary immunoglobulin A response to Group A Streptococci in the healthy adult population in Finland"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"211","author":[{"given":"Emilia","family":"L\u00f6nnqvist","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1479-8925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kirsi","family":"Gr\u00f6ndahl-Yli-Hannuksela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vuokko","family":"Loimaranta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaana","family":"Vuopio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"750_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00101-13\/ASSET\/FEA5F2A9-E224-4FD1-9E5D-41BC4C446A5F\/ASSETS\/GRAPHIC\/ZCM9990924580002.JPEG","volume":"27","author":"MJ Walker","year":"2014","unstructured":"Walker MJ, Barnett TC, McArthur JD, Cole JN, Gillen CM, Henningham A et al (2014) Disease manifestations and pathogenic mechanisms of group A Streptococcus. Clin Microbiol Rev 27:264\u2013301. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/CMR.00101-13\/ASSET\/FEA5F2A9-E224-4FD1-9E5D-41BC4C446A5F\/ASSETS\/GRAPHIC\/ZCM9990924580002.JPEG","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"750_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(05)70267-X","volume":"5","author":"JR Carapetis","year":"2005","unstructured":"Carapetis JR, Steer AC, Mulholland EK, Weber M (2005) The global burden of group A streptococcal diseases. Lancet Infect Dis 5:685\u2013694","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"750_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.1542\/PEDS.2004-0133","volume":"114","author":"JM Martin","year":"2004","unstructured":"Martin JM, Green M, Barbadora KA, Wald ER (2004) Group A Streptococci among school-aged children: clinical characteristics and the carrier state. 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