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These antibodies target various microorganisms including\n                    <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , a common nasal commensal and the major cause of skin abscesses. This study investigates the impact of\n                    <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    colonization and abscess events on plasma anti-\u03b1Gal antibody levels. We measured plasma anti-\u03b1Gal antibody levels using a quantitative immunoassay in: (i) 101 pairs of healthy individuals with and without nasal\n                    <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    colonization, (ii) 106 healthy individuals before and after abscess formation, and (iii) 43 patients with recurrent skin abscesses compared with 75 patient controls and 60 healthy controls. We observed a 35% reduction (95%CI: 7\u201354%) in anti-\u03b1Gal antibody levels in nasal\n                    <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    carriers. Conversely, we found a 30% increase (95%CI: 4\u201366%) in individuals within 187 days post-skin abscess, and patients with recurrent skin abscesses exhibited 81% higher (95%CI: 14\u2013190%) levels than patient controls, and 110% higher (95%CI: 39\u2013230%) than healthy controls. This study suggests that skin abscesses lead to elevated plasma anti-\u03b1Gal antibody levels and that these antibodies might convey or correlate with mucosal immunity to\n                    <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00430-025-00833-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T04:07:15Z","timestamp":1747109235000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Impact of Staphylococcus aureus colonization and skin abscesses on formation of human anti-\u03b1Gal antibodies"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"214","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5004-7822","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jens Magnus","family":"Bernth Jensen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khoa Manh","family":"Dinh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lotte","family":"Hindhede","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lise Tornvig","family":"Erikstrup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annette Gudmann","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirstine Mejlstrup","family":"Hym\u00f8ller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sisse Rye","family":"Ostrowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ole B. 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