{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T10:37:08Z","timestamp":1766486228297,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,3]],"date-time":"2021-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612310400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,3]],"date-time":"2021-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612310400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002997","name":"Nierstichting","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["15OKG16"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["15OKG16"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002997","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Pediatr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nephrotic syndrome in childhood is a common entity in the field of pediatric nephrology. The optimal treatment of children with nephrotic syndrome is often debated. Previously conducted studies have shown significant variability in nephrotic syndrome management, especially in the choice of steroid-sparing drugs. In the Netherlands, a practice guideline on the management of childhood nephrotic syndrome has been available since 2010. The aim of this study was to identify practice variations and opportunities to improve clinical practice of childhood nephrotic syndrome in the Netherlands. A digital structured survey among Dutch pediatricians and pediatric nephrologists was performed, including questions regarding the initial treatment, relapse treatment, kidney biopsy, additional immunosuppressive treatment, and supportive care. Among the 51 responses, uniformity was seen in the management of a first presentation and first relapse. Wide variation was found in the tapering of steroids after alternate day dosing. Most pediatricians and pediatric nephrologists (83%) would perform a kidney biopsy in case of steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome, whereas for frequent relapsing and steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome this was 22% and 41%, respectively. Variation was reported in the steroid-sparing treatment. Finally, significant differences were present in the supportive treatment of nephrotic syndrome.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>: Substantial variation was present in the management of nephrotic syndrome in the Netherlands. Differences were identified in steroid tapering, use of steroid coverage during stress, choice of steroid-sparing agents, and biopsy practice. To promote guideline adherence and reduce practice variation, factors driving this variation should be assessed and resolved.<jats:table-wrap><jats:table><jats:tbody>\n                    <jats:tr>\n                      <jats:td colspan=\"2\"><jats:bold>What is Known:<\/jats:bold>\u2022 <jats:italic>National and international guidelines are available to guide the management of childhood nephrotic syndrome.<\/jats:italic>\u2022 <jats:italic>Several aspects of the management of childhood nephrotic syndrome, including the choice of steroid-sparing drugs and biopsy practice, are controversial and often debated among physicians.<\/jats:italic><jats:bold>What is New:<\/jats:bold>\u2022 <jats:italic>Significant practice variation is present in the management of childhood nephrotic syndrome in the Netherlands, especially in the treatment of FRNS, SDNS, and SRNS.<\/jats:italic>\u2022 <jats:italic>The recommendation on the steroid treatment of a first episode of nephrotic syndrome in the KDIGO guideline leaves room for interpretation and is likely the cause of substantial differences in steroid-tapering practices among Dutch pediatricians and pediatric nephrologists.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:td>\n                    <\/jats:tr>\n                  <\/jats:tbody><\/jats:table><\/jats:table-wrap><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-021-03958-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,3]],"date-time":"2021-02-03T04:53:28Z","timestamp":1612328008000},"page":"1885-1894","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Practice variations in the management of childhood nephrotic syndrome in the Netherlands"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"180","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2418-8928","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne M.","family":"Schijvens","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5266-7232","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucie","family":"van der Weerd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5930-0011","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanna A. E.","family":"van Wijk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4121-6698","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonia H. M.","family":"Bouts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0727-7451","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mandy G.","family":"Keijzer-Veen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1290-4395","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eiske M.","family":"Dorresteijn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9725-4856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michiel F.","family":"Schreuder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"3958_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30536-1","volume":"392","author":"DG Noone","year":"2018","unstructured":"Noone DG, Iijima K, Parekh R (2018) Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in children. Lancet 392:61\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30536-1","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"3958_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-011-1851-8","volume":"26","author":"L El Bakkali","year":"2011","unstructured":"El Bakkali L, Rodrigues Pereira R, Kuik DJ, Ket JC, van Wijk JA (2011) Nephrotic syndrome in The Netherlands: a population-based cohort study and a review of the literature. Pediatr Nephrol 26:1241\u20131246. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00467-011-1851-8","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"3958_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1754.2007.01077.x","volume":"43","author":"W Wong","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wong W (2007) Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in New Zealand children, demographic, clinical features, initial management and outcome after twelve-month follow-up: results of a three-year national surveillance study. J Paediatr Child Health 43:337\u2013341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1440-1754.2007.01077.x","journal-title":"J Paediatr Child Health"},{"key":"3958_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2289","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-013-2546-0","volume":"28","author":"S Samuel","year":"2013","unstructured":"Samuel S, Morgan CJ, Bitzan M, Mammen C, Dart AB, Manns BJ, Alexander RT, Erickson RL, Grisaru S, Wade AW, Blydt-Hansen T, Feber J, Arora S, Licht C, Zappitelli M (2013) Substantial practice variation exists in the management of childhood nephrotic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 28:2289\u20132298. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00467-013-2546-0","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"3958_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2193","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-009-1282-y","volume":"24","author":"N MacHardy","year":"2009","unstructured":"MacHardy N, Miles PV, Massengill SF, Smoyer WE, Mahan JD, Greenbaum L, Massie S, Yao L, Nagaraj S, Lin JJ, Wigfall D, Trachtman H, Hu Y, Gipson DS (2009) Management patterns of childhood-onset nephrotic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 24:2193\u20132201. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00467-009-1282-y","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Deschenes G, Vivarelli M, Peruzzi L, Syndrome EWGoIN (2017) Variability of diagnostic criteria and treatment of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome across European countries. Eur J Pediatr 176:647-654. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00431-017-2891-2","key":"3958_CR6","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-017-2891-2"},{"key":"3958_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2193","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.14409","volume":"107","author":"CI Esezobor","year":"2018","unstructured":"Esezobor CI, Asinobi AO, Okafor HU, Akuse R, Gbadegesin R (2018) National survey found that managing childhood nephrotic syndrome in Nigeria varied widely and did not comply with the best evidence. Acta Paediatr 107:2193\u20132198. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/apa.14409","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nephrotic syndrome in children: prediction of histopathology from clinical and laboratory characteristics at time of diagnosis. A report of the International Study of Kidney Disease in Children (1978). Kidney Int 13:159-165","key":"3958_CR8","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1978.23"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"The primary nephrotic syndrome in children. Identification of patients with minimal change nephrotic syndrome from initial response to prednisone. A report of the International Study of Kidney Disease in Children (1981). J Pediatr 98:561-564","key":"3958_CR9","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(81)80760-3"},{"key":"3958_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(85)91387-x","volume":"1","author":"RS Trompeter","year":"1985","unstructured":"Trompeter RS, Lloyd BW, Hicks J, White RH, Cameron JS (1985) Long-term outcome for children with minimal-change nephrotic syndrome. Lancet 1:368\u2013370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(85)91387-x","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"3958_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-017-0356-x","volume":"43","author":"A Pasini","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pasini A, Benetti E, Conti G, Ghio L, Lepore M, Massella L, Molino D, Peruzzi L, Emma F, Fede C, Trivelli A, Maringhini S, Materassi M, Messina G, Montini G, Murer L, Pecoraro C, Pennesi M (2017) The Italian Society for Pediatric Nephrology (SINePe) consensus document on the management of nephrotic syndrome in children: part I - diagnosis and treatment of the first episode and the first relapse. Ital J Pediatr 43:41. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13052-017-0356-x","journal-title":"Ital J Pediatr"},{"key":"3958_CR12","volume-title":"Nefrotisch syndroom","author":"MR Lilien","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lilien MR, Walle JGJV (2010) Nefrotisch syndroom. Werkboek Kindernefrologie, VU Uitgeverij, Amsterdam"},{"key":"3958_CR13","first-page":"139","volume":"2","author":"Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Glomerulonephritis Work Group","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Glomerulonephritis Work Group (2012) KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for Glomerulonephritis. Kidney inter. Suppl. 2:139\u2013274","journal-title":"Suppl."},{"key":"3958_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1033800","volume":"194","author":"J Brodehl","year":"1982","unstructured":"Brodehl J, Krohn HP, Ehrich JH (1982) The treatment of minimal change nephrotic syndrome (lipoid nephrosis): cooperative studies of the Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Padiatrische Nephrologie (APN). Klin Padiatr 194:162\u2013165. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-2008-1033800","journal-title":"Klin Padiatr"},{"key":"3958_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01956754","volume":"152","author":"JH Ehrich","year":"1993","unstructured":"Ehrich JH, Brodehl J (1993) Long versus standard prednisone therapy for initial treatment of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in children. Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Padiatrische Nephrologie. Eur J Pediatr 152:357\u2013361","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"unstructured":"AWMF Leitlinie (S2e): Idiopathisches Nephrotisches Syndrom im Kindesalter: Diagnostik und Therapie AWMF Register-Nr. 166-001, Stand 6\/2020","key":"3958_CR16"},{"key":"3958_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"l1800","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l1800","volume":"365","author":"NJA Webb","year":"2019","unstructured":"Webb NJA, Woolley RL, Lambe T, Frew E, Brettell EA, Barsoum EN, Trompeter RS, Cummins C, Deeks JJ, Wheatley K, Ives NJ, Group PC (2019) Long term tapering versus standard prednisolone treatment for first episode of childhood nephrotic syndrome: phase III randomised controlled trial and economic evaluation. BMJ 365:l1800. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.l1800","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"3958_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2014.240","volume":"87","author":"A Sinha","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sinha A, Saha A, Kumar M, Sharma S, Afzal K, Mehta A, Kalaivani M, Hari P, Bagga A (2015) Extending initial prednisolone treatment in a randomized control trial from 3 to 6 months did not significantly influence the course of illness in children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome. Kidney Int 87:217\u2013224. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ki.2014.240","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yoshikawa N, Nakanishi K, Sako M, Oba MS, Mori R, Ota E, Ishikura K, Hataya H, Honda M, Ito S, Shima Y, Kaito H, Nozu K, Nakamura H, Igarashi T, Ohashi Y, Iijima K, Japanese Study Group of Kidney Disease in C (2015) A multicenter randomized trial indicates initial prednisolone treatment for childhood nephrotic syndrome for two months is not inferior to six-month treatment. Kidney Int 87:225\u2013232. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ki.2014.260","key":"3958_CR19","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2014.260"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Borovitz Y, Alfandary H, Haskin O, Levi S, Kaz S, Davidovits M, Dagan A (2020) Lower prednisone dosing for steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome relapse: a prospective randomized pilot study. Eur J Pediatr 179:279\u2013283. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00431-019-03506-5","key":"3958_CR20","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-019-03506-5"},{"key":"3958_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CD002290","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002290.pub5","volume":"4","author":"NG Larkins","year":"2020","unstructured":"Larkins NG, Liu ID, Willis NS, Craig JC, Hodson EM (2020) Non-corticosteroid immunosuppressive medications for steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 4:CD002290. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD002290.pub5","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"3958_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2013","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-008-0899-6","volume":"23","author":"EM Dorresteijn","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dorresteijn EM, Kist-van Holthe JE, Levtchenko EN, Nauta J, Hop WCJ, van der Heijden AJ (2008) Mycophenolate mofetil versus cyclosporine for remission maintenance in nephrotic syndrome. Pediatric Nephrology 23:2013\u20132020","journal-title":"Pediatric Nephrology"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chan EY, Tullus K (2020) Rituximab in children with steroid sensitive nephrotic syndrome: in quest of the optimal regimen. Pediatr Nephrol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00467-020-04609-0","key":"3958_CR23","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-020-04609-0"},{"key":"3958_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-009-1376-6","volume":"25","author":"A Prytula","year":"2010","unstructured":"Prytula A, Iijima K, Kamei K, Geary D, Gottlich E, Majeed A, Taylor M, Marks SD, Tuchman S, Camilla R, Ognjanovic M, Filler G, Smith G, Tullus K (2010) Rituximab in refractory nephrotic syndrome. Pediatric Nephrology 25:461\u2013468","journal-title":"Pediatric Nephrology"},{"key":"3958_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-017-2891-2","volume":"176","author":"G Deschenes","year":"2017","unstructured":"Deschenes G, Vivarelli M, Peruzzi L, Alpay H, Alvaro Madrid A, Andersen R, Bald M, Benetti E, Berard E, Bockenhauer D, Boyer O, Brackman D, Dossier C, Ekinci Z, Emma F, Enneman B, Espinosa-Roman L, Fila M, Ghio L, Groothoff JW, Guigonis V, Jankauskiene A, Kagan M, Kovacevic M, Kemper MJ, Levtchenko E, Maringhini S, Mir S, Mitsioni A, Mizerska-Wasiak M, Wasiak K, Moczulska A, Montini G, Murer L, Nuutinen M, Obukhova V, Oh J, Ozkaya O, Papalia T, Peco Antic A, Pecoraro C, Pena-Carrion A, Petrossian E, Pietrement C, Prikhodina L, Querfeld U, Rittig S, Saleem MA, Saraga M, Savenkova N, Sever L, Tullus K, Ulinski T, Vande Walle J, Vara J, Webb N, Weber LT, Zurowska A (2017) Variability of diagnostic criteria and treatment of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome across European countries. European Journal of Pediatrics 176:647\u2013654","journal-title":"European Journal of Pediatrics"},{"key":"3958_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.08.011","volume":"93","author":"MP Gruppen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gruppen MP, Bouts AH, Jansen-van der Weide MC, Merkus MP, Zurowska A, Maternik M, Massella L, Emma F, Niaudet P, Cornelissen EAM, Schurmans T, Raes A, van de Walle J, van Dyck M, Gulati A, Bagga A, Davin JC, all members of the Levamisole Study G (2018) A randomized clinical trial indicates that levamisole increases the time to relapse in children with steroid-sensitive idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. Kidney Int 93:510\u2013518. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.kint.2017.08.011","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"3958_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1529","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-020-04519-1","volume":"35","author":"A Trautmann","year":"2020","unstructured":"Trautmann A, Vivarelli M, Samuel S, Gipson D, Sinha A, Schaefer F, Hui NK, Boyer O, Saleem MA, Feltran L, Muller-Deile J, Becker JU, Cano F, Xu H, Lim YN, Smoyer W, Anochie I, Nakanishi K, Hodson E, Haffner D, International Pediatric Nephrology A (2020) IPNA clinical practice recommendations for the diagnosis and management of children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 35:1529\u20131561. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00467-020-04519-1","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Liu ID, Willis NS, Craig JC (2019) Hodson EM (2019) Interventions for idiopathic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD003594.pub6","key":"3958_CR28","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003594.pub6"},{"unstructured":"Kindergeneeskunde NVv (2019) Afbouwen glucocortico\u00efden bij kinderen https:\/\/www.nvk.nl\/themas\/kwaliteit\/richtlijnen\/richtlijn?componentid=6881289&tagtitles=Acute+Kindergeneeskunde,Allergologie,Endocrinologie,Hematologie,Intensive+Care,Longziekten,Nefrologie","key":"3958_CR29"},{"key":"3958_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2020.00164","volume":"8","author":"K Abu Bakar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Abu Bakar K, Khalil K, Lim YN, Yap YC, Appadurai M, Sidhu S, Lai CS, Anuar Zaini A, Samingan N, Jalaludin MY (2020) Adrenal insufficiency in children with nephrotic syndrome on corticosteroid treatment. Front Pediatr 8:164. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fped.2020.00164","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"key":"3958_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"SC18","DOI":"10.7860\/JCDR\/2017\/27030.10657","volume":"11","author":"VK Yadav","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yadav VK, Sharma S, Debata PK, Patel S, Kabi BC, Aggrawal KC (2017) Change in bone mineral density and role of vitamin D and calcium supplementation during treatment of first episode nephrotic syndrome. J Clin Diagn Res 11:SC18\u2013SC21. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7860\/JCDR\/2017\/27030.10657","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"key":"3958_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-019-03553-y","volume":"179","author":"M Aurelle","year":"2020","unstructured":"Aurelle M, Basmaison O, Ranchin B, Kassai-Koupai B, Sellier-Leclerc AL, Bertholet-Thomas A, Bacchetta J (2020) Intermittent cholecalciferol supplementation in children and teenagers followed in pediatric nephrology: data from a prospective single-center single-arm open trial. Eur J Pediatr 179:661\u2013669. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00431-019-03553-y","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00431-021-03958-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00431-021-03958-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00431-021-03958-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,7]],"date-time":"2021-05-07T20:32:01Z","timestamp":1620419521000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00431-021-03958-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,3]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]}},"alternative-id":["3958"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00431-021-03958-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["0340-6199","1432-1076"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0340-6199"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1432-1076"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 December 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 January 2021","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 January 2021","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 February 2021","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"N\/A, no patients were involved in this study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"N\/A, no patients were involved in this study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"Dr. Schijvens and Dr. Schreuder report a grant from the Dutch Kidney Foundation (awarded to Dr. Schreuder) during the conduct of the study. The other authors have no conflicts of interest to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"N\/A","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Code availability"}}]}}