{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T07:44:55Z","timestamp":1792482295680,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,12]],"date-time":"2021-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633996800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,12]],"date-time":"2021-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633996800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009068","name":"Universit\u00e4t Bern","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009068","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Pediatr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>It is difficult to predict the risk of mortality in necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). This study aimed at identifying risk factors for severe NEC (Bell stage III) and mortality in preterm children with NEC. In this multicenter retrospective study, we analyzed multiple data from 157 premature children with confirmed NEC in the period from January 2007 to October 2018. We performed univariate, multivariate, stepwise logistic regression, and receiver operator characteristics (ROC) analyses. We were able to demonstrate that low Apgar scores (notably at 1\u2032 and 5\u2032), low hemoglobin concentration (Hgb), and high lactate level at disease onset and during disease correlated with NEC severity and mortality (P\u2009&lt;\u20090.05, respectively). Severe NEC was related to congenital heart disease (CHD \u2014 OR 2.6, CI95% 1.2\u20135.8, P 0.015) and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA \u2014 OR 3.3, CI95% 1.6\u20136.9, P 0.0012), whereas death was related to the presence of PDA (OR 5.5, CI95% 2.3\u201314, P\u2009&lt;\u20090.001).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Conclusion: <\/jats:italic>Low Apgar scores, low Hgb, high lactate levels, and the presence of CHD\u00a0or PDA correlated with severe NEC or mortality in children with NEC.\n<jats:table-wrap><jats:table><jats:tbody>\n                    <jats:tr>\n                      <jats:td colspan=\"2\"><jats:bold>What is Known:<\/jats:bold><jats:italic>\u2022 It remains difficult to predict which infant that suffers from necrotizing enterocolitis at risk of death.<\/jats:italic><jats:italic>\u2022 Several clinical and laboratory parameters tools to predict fatal outcome in NEC<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:td>\n                    <\/jats:tr>\n                    <jats:tr>\n                      <jats:td colspan=\"2\"><jats:bold>What is New:<\/jats:bold><jats:italic>\u2022 The following laboratory parameters were associated with the risk of death from NEC: Hemoglobin concentration, base excess and lactate level.<\/jats:italic><jats:italic>\u2022 The following clinical variables were associated with the risk of death from NEC: Apgar scores, as well as the presence of congenital heart disease and patent ductus arteriosus.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:td>\n                    <\/jats:tr>\n                  <\/jats:tbody><\/jats:table><\/jats:table-wrap><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-021-04266-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,12]],"date-time":"2021-10-12T21:46:19Z","timestamp":1634075179000},"page":"933-939","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Risk factors for mortality in preterm infants with necrotizing enterocolitis: a retrospective multicenter analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"181","author":[{"given":"Marcin","family":"Kordasz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Micha\u00ebl","family":"Racine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philipp","family":"Szavay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Lehner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Krebs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Luckert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva-Maria","family":"Hau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steffen","family":"Berger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9547-9426","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ulf","family":"Kessler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"4266_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F182","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2017-313880","volume":"103","author":"C Battersby","year":"2018","unstructured":"Battersby C, Santhalingam T, Costeloe K, Modi N (2018) Incidence of neonatal necrotising enterocolitis in high-income countries: a systematic review. 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